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110 lines
4.8 KiB
XML
110 lines
4.8 KiB
XML
<sect2><title> </title><para> </para></sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Installation of Shadow Password Suite</title>
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<para>Before you install this package, you may want to have a look at
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the Shadow hint. It discusses how you can make your system more secure
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regarding passwords, such as how to enable the more secure MD5 passwords
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and how to get the most out of this Shadow package. The Shadow hint can
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be found at <ulink url="&hints-root;shadowpasswd_plus.txt"/>.</para>
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<para>The <userinput>login</userinput>, <userinput>getty</userinput> and
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<userinput>init</userinput> programs (and some others) maintain a number
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of logfiles to record who are and who were logged in to the system. These
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programs, however, don't create these logfiles when they don't exist, so if
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you want this logging to occur you will have to create the files yourself.
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To let the Shadow package (that is installed next) detect these files in their
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proper place, create them now, with their proper permissions:</para>
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<para>Create these files with their proper permissions by running the
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following commands:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>touch /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp}
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chmod 644 /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp}</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>The <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename> file lists the users that are
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currently logged in, the <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file who
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<emphasis>were</emphasis> logged in and when.
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The <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file shows for each user when he
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or she last logged in, and the <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> lists the
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bad login attempts.</para>
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<para>Shadow hard-wires the path to the <userinput>passwd</userinput> binary
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within the binary itself, but does this the wrong way. If before installing
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Shadow no <userinput>passwd</userinput> binary is present , the package wrongly
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assumes it is going to be located at <filename>/bin/passwd</filename>,
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but then installs it in <filename>/usr/bin/passwd</filename>. This will lead
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to weird errors about not finding <filename>/bin/passwd</filename>. To work
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around this bug, create a dummy <filename>passwd</filename> file,
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so that it gets hard-wired properly:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>touch /usr/bin/passwd</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>The current shadow suite has a problem in the newgrp command which causes
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it to fail. The following patch (also appearing in Shadow's CVS code) fixes
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this problem.</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../shadow-&shadow-patch-version;.patch
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</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>Now prepare Shadow for compilation:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>Compile the package:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>And install it:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>Shadow uses two files to configure authentication settings for the
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system. Install these two config files:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>cp etc/{limits,login.access} /etc</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>In the old days <filename class="directory">/var/spool/mail</filename>
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was the location for the user mailboxes, but nowadays <filename
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class="directory">/var/mail</filename> is used. Change the default mailbox
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location in the relevant configuration file while copying it to its
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destination:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>sed 's%/var/spool/mail%/var/mail%' \
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etc/login.defs.linux > /etc/login.defs</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>According to the man page of <userinput>vipw</userinput>, a
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<userinput>vigr</userinput> program should exist too. Since the installation
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procedure doesn't create this program, create a symlink manually:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>ln -s vipw /usr/sbin/vigr</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>As the <filename>/bin/vipw</filename> symlink is redundant (and even
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pointing to a non-existent file), remove it:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>rm /bin/vipw</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>Now move the <userinput>sg</userinput> program to its proper place:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>mv /bin/sg /usr/bin</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>And move Shadow's dynamic libraries to a more appropriate location:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>mv /usr/lib/lib{shadow,misc}.so.0* /lib</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>As some packages expect to find the just-moved libraries in
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<filename>/usr/lib</filename>, create the following symlinks:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>ln -sf ../../lib/libshadow.so.0 /usr/lib/libshadow.so
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ln -sf ../../lib/libmisc.so.0 /usr/lib/libmisc.so</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>Coreutils has already installed a <userinput>groups</userinput> program
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in <filename>/usr/bin</filename>. If you wish, you can remove the one
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installed by Shadow:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>rm /bin/groups</userinput></screen></para>
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</sect2>
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