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git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/branches/6.1/BOOK@6125 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
91 lines
4.7 KiB
XML
91 lines
4.7 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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]>
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<sect1 id="ch-scatter-how">
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<title>How to Build an LFS System</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="how.html"?>
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<para>The LFS system will be built by using a previously installed
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Linux distribution (such as Debian, Mandrake, Red Hat, or SuSE). This
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existing Linux system (the host) will be used as a starting point to
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provide necessary programs, including a compiler, linker, and shell,
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to build the new system. Select the <quote>development</quote> option
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during the distribution installation to be able to access these
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tools.</para>
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<para>As an alternative to installing an entire separate
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distribution onto your machine, you may wish to use the Linux From
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Scratch LiveCD. The CD works well as a host system, providing all
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the tools you need to successfully follow the instructions in this
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book. Additionally, it contains all the source packages, patches and
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a copy of this book. So once you have the CD, no network connection or
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additional downloads are necessary. For more information about the LFS
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LiveCD or to download a copy, visit
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<ulink url="http://linuxfromscratch.org/~jhuntwork/livecd/"/></para>
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<para><xref linkend="chapter-partitioning"/> of this book describes how
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to create a new Linux native partition and file system, the place
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where the new LFS system will be compiled and installed. <xref
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linkend="chapter-getting-materials"/> explains which packages and
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patches need to be downloaded to build an LFS system and how to store
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them on the new file system. <xref linkend="chapter-final-preps"/>
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discusses the setup for an appropriate work environment. Please read
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<xref linkend="chapter-final-preps"/> carefully as it explains several
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important issues the developer should be aware of before beginning to
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work through <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> and
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beyond.</para>
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<para><xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> explains the
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installation of a number of packages that will form the basic
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development suite (or toolchain) which is used to build the actual
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system in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>. Some of these
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packages are needed to resolve circular dependencies—for example,
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to compile a compiler, you need a compiler.</para>
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<para><xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> also shows the user how
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to build a first pass of the toolchain, including Binutils and GCC
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(first pass basically means these two core packages will be
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re-installed a second time). The next step is to build Glibc, the C library.
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Glibc will be compiled by the toolchain programs built in the first pass. Then,
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a second pass of the toolchain will be built. This time, the toolchain will be
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dynamically linked against the newly built Glibc. The remaining
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<xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> packages are built using this second
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pass toolchain. When this is done, the LFS installation process will no longer
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depend on the host distribution, with the exception of the running kernel.
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</para>
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<para>While this may initially seem like a lot of work to get away
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from a host distribution, a full technical explanation is provided at
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the beginning of <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>.</para>
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<para>In <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>, the full LFS system is
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built. The chroot (change root) program is used to enter a virtual
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environment and start a new shell whose root directory will be set to
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the LFS partition. This is very similar to rebooting and instructing
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the kernel to mount the LFS partition as the root partition. The
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system does not actually reboot, but instead chroots because creating a
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bootable system requires additional work which is not necessary just
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yet. The major advantage is that <quote>chrooting</quote> allows the
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builder to continue using the host while LFS is being built. While
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waiting for package compilation to complete, a user can switch to a
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different virtual console (VC) or X desktop and continue using the
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computer as normal.</para>
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<para>To finish the installation, the bootscripts are set up in <xref
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linkend="chapter-bootscripts"/>, and the kernel and boot loader are set
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up in <xref linkend="chapter-bootable"/>. <xref
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linkend="chapter-finalizing"/> contains information on furthering the
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LFS experience beyond this book. After the steps in this book have
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been implemented, the computer will be ready to reboot into the new
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LFS system.</para>
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<para>This is the process in a nutshell. Detailed information on each
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step is discussed in the following chapters and package descriptions.
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Items that may seem complicated will be clarified, and everything will
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fall into place as the developer embarks on the LFS adventure.</para>
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</sect1>
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