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469 lines
14 KiB
XML
469 lines
14 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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]>
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<sect1 id="pre-why">
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<?dbhtml filename="package-choices.html"?>
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<title>Rationale for Packages in the Book</title>
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<para>As stated earlier, the goal of LFS is to build a complete and usable
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foundation-level system. This includes all packages needed to replicate
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itself while providing a relatively minimal base from which to customize
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a more complete system based on the choices of the user. This does not
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mean that LFS is the smallest system possible. Several important packages
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are included that are not strictly required. The lists below document the
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rationale for each package in the book.</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Autoconf</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for producing shell scripts that
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can automatically configure source code from a developer's
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template. It is often needed to rebuild a package after updates
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to the build procedures.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Automake</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for generating Make files from
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a template. It is often needed to rebuild a package after updates
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to the build procedures.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Bash</para>
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<para>This package satisfies an LSB core requirement to provide
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a Bourne Shell interface to the system. It was chosen over
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other shell packages because of its common usage and extensive
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capabilities beyond basic shell functions.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Binutils</para>
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<para>This package contains a linker, an assembler, and other
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tools for handling object files. The programs in this package are
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needed to compile most of the packages in an LFS system and beyond.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Bison</para>
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<para>This package contains the GNU version of yacc (Yet Another
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Compiler Compiler) needed to build several other LFS programs.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Bzip2</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for compressing and decompressing
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files. It is required to decompress many LFS packages.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Coreutils</para>
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<para>This package contains a number of essential programs for viewing
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and manipulating files and directories. These programs are needed for
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command line file management, and are necessary for the installation
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procedures of every package in LFS.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>DejaGNU</para>
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<para>This package contains a framework for testing other programs.
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It is only installed in the temporary toolchain.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Diffutils</para>
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<para>This package contains programs that show the differences
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between files or directories. These programs can be used to create
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patches, and are also used in many packages' build procedures.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Expect</para>
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<para>This package contains a program for carrying out scripted
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dialogues with other interactive programs. It is commonly used
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for testing other packages. It is only installed in the temporary
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toolchain.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>E2fsprogs</para>
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<para>This package contains the utilities for handling the ext2, ext3
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and ext4 file systems. These are the most common and thoroughly
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tested file systems that Linux supports.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>File</para>
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<para>This package contains a utility for determining the type of a
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given file or files. A few packages need it to build.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Findutils</para>
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<para>This package contains programs to find files in a file system.
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It is used in many packages' build scripts.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Flex</para>
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<para>This package contains a utility for generating programs that
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recognize patterns in text. It is the GNU version of the lex
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(lexical analyzer) program. It is required to build several
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LFS packages.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Gawk</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for manipulating text files.
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It is the GNU version of awk (Aho-Weinberg-Kernighan). It is used in
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many other packages' build scripts.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Gcc</para>
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<para>This package is the Gnu Compiler Collection. It contains the
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C and C++ compilers as well as several others not built by LFS.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>GDBM</para>
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<para>This package contains the GNU Database Manager library. It
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is used by one other LFS package, Man-DB.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Gettext</para>
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<para>This package contains utilities and libraries for
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internationalization and localization of numerous packages.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Glibc</para>
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<para>This package contains the main C library. Linux programs would
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not run without it.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>GMP</para>
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<para>This package contains math libraries that provide useful functions
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for arbitrary precision arithmetic. It is required to build Gcc.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Grep</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for searching through files. These
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programs are used by most packages' build scripts.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Groff</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for processing and formatting text.
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One important function of these programs is to format man pages.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>GRUB</para>
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<para>This package is the Grand Unified Boot Loader. It is one
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of several boot loaders available, but is the most flexible.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Gzip</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for compressing and
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decompressing files. It is needed to decompress many packages in LFS
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and beyond.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Iana-etc</para>
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<para>This package provides data for network services and protocols.
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It is needed to enable proper networking capabilities.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Inetutils</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for basic network
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administration.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>IProute2</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for basic and advanced IPv4 and
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IPv6 networking. It was chosen over the other common network
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tools package (net-tools) for its IPv6 capabilities. </para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Kbd</para>
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<para>This package contains key-table files, keyboard utilities
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for non-US keyboards, and a number of console fonts.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Kmod</para>
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<para>This package contains programs needed to administer Linux
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kernel modules.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Less</para>
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<para>This package contains a very nice text file viewer that
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allows scrolling up or down when viewing a file. It is also used by
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Man-DB for viewing manpages.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Libtool</para>
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<para>This package contains the GNU generic library support
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script. It wraps the complexity of using shared libraries in a
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consistent, portable interface. It is needed by the test
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suites in other LFS packages.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Linux Kernel</para>
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<para>This package is the Operating System. It is the Linux in
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the GNU/Linux environment.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>M4</para>
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<para>This package contains a general text macro processor useful
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as a build tool for other programs.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Make</para>
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<para>This package contains a program for directing the building
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of packages. It is required by almost every package in LFS.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Man-DB</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for finding and viewing man pages.
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It was chosen instead of the <application>man</application> package
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due to superior internationalization capabilities. It supplies
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the man program.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Man-pages</para>
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<para>This package contains the actual contents of the basic
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Linux man pages.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>MPC</para>
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<para>This package contains functions for the arithmetic of complex
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numbers. It is required by Gcc.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>MPFR</para>
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<para>This package contains functions for multiple precision
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arithmetic. It is required by Gcc.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Ncurses</para>
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<para>This package contains libraries for terminal-independent
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handling of character screens. It is often used to provide
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cursor control for a menuing system. It is needed by a number of
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packages in LFS.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Patch</para>
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<para>This package contains a program for modifying or creating files by
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applying a <emphasis>patch</emphasis> file typically created
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by the <application>diff</application> program. It is needed by
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the build procedure for several LFS packages.</para>
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</listitem>
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<!--
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<listitem>
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<para>PCRE</para>
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<para>This package provides a library that can be used to implement
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regular expression pattern matching using the same syntax and semantics
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as Perl 5. It is a mandatory dependency of Glib, and can also be used
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by Grep.</para>
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</listitem>
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-->
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<listitem>
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<para>Perl</para>
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<para>This package is an interpreter for the runtime language
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PERL. It is needed for the installation and test suites of several LFS
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packages.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Procps</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for monitoring processes. These
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programs are useful for system administration, and are also used by
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the LFS Bootscripts.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Psmisc</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for displaying information
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about running processes. These programs are useful for system
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administration.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Readline</para>
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<para>This package is a set of libraries that offers command-line
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editing and history capabilities. It is used by Bash.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Sed</para>
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<para>This package allows editing of text without opening it in a
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text editor. It is also needed by most LFS packages' configure
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scripts.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Shadow</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for handling passwords
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in a secure way.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Sysklogd</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for logging system messages,
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such as those given by the kernel or daemon processes when unusual
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events occur.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Sysvinit</para>
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<para>This package provides the <application>init</application>
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program, which is the parent of all other processes on the Linux
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system. </para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Tar</para>
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<para>This package provides archiving and extraction capabilities
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of virtually all packages used in LFS.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Tcl</para>
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<para>This package contains the Tool Command Language used
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in many test suites in LFS packages. It is only installed in
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the temporary toolchain.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Texinfo</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for reading, writing, and
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converting info pages. It is used in the installation
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procedures of many LFS packages.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Udev</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for dynamic creation of
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device nodes. It is an alternative to creating thousands of
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static devices in the /dev directory.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Util-linux</para>
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<para>This package contains miscellaneous utility programs.
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Among them are utilities for handling file systems, consoles,
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partitions, and messages.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Vim</para>
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<para>This package contains an editor. It was chosen because of its
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compatibility with the classic vi editor and its huge number of powerful
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capabilities. An editor is a very personal choice for
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many users and any other editor could be substituted if desired.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>XZ Utils</para>
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<para>This package contains programs for compressing and decompressing
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files. It provides the highest compression generally available
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and is useful for decompressing packages XZ or LZMA format.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Zlib</para>
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<para>This package contains compression and decompression routines
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used by some programs.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect1>
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