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git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@6011 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
214 lines
7.3 KiB
XML
214 lines
7.3 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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<!ENTITY % patches-entities SYSTEM "../patches.ent">
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%general-entities;
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%patches-entities;
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]>
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<sect1 id="ch-system-gcc" role="wrap">
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<title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="gcc.html"?>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc"><primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary></indexterm>
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<sect2 role="package"><title/>
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<para>The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes
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the C and C++ compilers.</para>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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<seglistitem><seg>11.7 SBU</seg><seg>451 MB</seg></seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
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<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, Findutils,
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Gawk, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, Perl, Sed, and Texinfo</seg></seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="installation">
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<title>Installation of GCC</title>
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<para>This package is known to have issues when its default
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optimization flags (including the <parameter>-march</parameter> and
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<parameter>-mcpu</parameter> options) are changed. If any environment
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variables that override default optimizations have been defined, such
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as <envar>CFLAGS</envar> and <envar>CXXFLAGS</envar>,
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unset them when building GCC.</para>
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<para>Apply only the No-Fixincludes patch (not the Specs patch) also
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used in the previous chapter:</para>
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<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&gcc-no_fixincludes-patch;</userinput></screen>
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<para>GCC fails to compile some packages outside of a base Linux From Scratch
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install (e.g., Mozilla and kdegraphics) when used in conjunction with newer
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versions of Binutils. Apply the following patch to fix this issue:</para>
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<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&gcc-linkonce-patch;</userinput></screen>
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<para>Apply a <command>sed</command> substitution that will suppress the
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installation of <filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename>. The
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version of <filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename> provided by
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Binutils will be used instead:</para>
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<screen><userinput>sed -i 's/install_to_$(INSTALL_DEST) //' libiberty/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
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<para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the source
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directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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<screen><userinput>mkdir ../gcc-build
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cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>
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<para>Prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
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<screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
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--libexecdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared \
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--enable-threads=posix --enable-__cxa_atexit \
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--enable-clocale=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++</userinput></screen>
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<para>Compile the package:</para>
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<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
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<important><para>In this section, the test suite for GCC is considered
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critical. Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para></important>
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<para>Test the results, but do not stop at errors:</para>
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<screen><userinput>make -k check</userinput></screen>
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<para>Some of the errors are known issues and were noted in the
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previous chapter. The test suite notes from <xref
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linkend="ch-tools-gcc-pass2" role=","/> are still relevant here. Be sure to
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refer back to them as necessary.</para>
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<para>Install the package:</para>
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<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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<para>Some packages expect the C preprocessor to be installed in the
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<filename class="directory">/lib</filename> directory.
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To support those packages, create this symlink:</para>
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<screen><userinput>ln -s ../usr/bin/cpp /lib</userinput></screen>
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<para>Many packages use the name <command>cc</command> to call the C
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compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink:</para>
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<screen><userinput>ln -s gcc /usr/bin/cc</userinput></screen>
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<note><para>At this point, it is strongly recommended to repeat the
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sanity check performed earlier in this chapter. Refer back to <xref
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linkend="ch-system-readjusting" role=","/> and repeat the check. If the results
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are in error, then the most likely reason is that the GCC Specs patch
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from <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> was erroneously applied
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here.</para></note>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="contents-gcc" role="content"><title>Contents of GCC</title>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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<seglistitem><seg>c++, cc (link to gcc), cpp, g++, gcc, gccbug, and
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gcov</seg>
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<seg>libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a, libgcc_s.so, libstdc++.[a,so], and libsupc++.a</seg></seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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<varlistentry id="cc">
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<term><command>cc</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The C compiler</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cc"><primary sortas="b-cc">cc</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="cpp">
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<term><command>cpp</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The C preprocessor; it is used by the compiler to expand the
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#include, #define, and similar statements in the source files</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cpp"><primary sortas="b-cpp">cpp</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="c">
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<term><command>c++</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The C++ compiler</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc c"><primary sortas="b-c++">c++</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="g">
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<term><command>g++</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The C++ compiler</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc g"><primary sortas="b-g++">g++</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="gcc">
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<term><command>gcc</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The C compiler</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc"><primary sortas="b-gcc">gcc</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="gccbug">
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<term><command>gccbug</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A shell script used to help create useful bug reports</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gccbug"><primary sortas="b-gccbug">gccbug</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="gcov">
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<term><command>gcov</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A coverage testing tool; it is used to analyze programs to
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determine where optimizations will have the most effect</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov"><primary sortas="b-gcov">gcov</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="libgcc">
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<term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcc</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Contains run-time support for <command>gcc</command></para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcc"><primary sortas="c-libgcc*">libgcc*</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="libstdc">
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<term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The standard C++ library</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdc"><primary sortas="c-libstdc++">libstdc++</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="libsupc">
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<term><filename class="libraryfile">libsupc++</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Provides supporting routines for the C++ programming language</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libsupc"><primary sortas="c-libsupc++">libsupc++</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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