mirror of
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git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@10550 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
627 lines
24 KiB
XML
627 lines
24 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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]>
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<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap">
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<?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
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<sect1info condition="script">
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
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<address>&systemd-url;</address>
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</sect1info>
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<title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
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<primary sortas="a-Systemd">Systemd</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect2 role="package">
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<title/>
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<para>The Systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
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running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>&systemd-ch6-sbu;</seg>
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<seg>&systemd-ch6-du;</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="installation">
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<title>Installation of Systemd</title>
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<note><para>If systemd is not desired at all, it can be skipped. However a
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udev replacement must be installed. See the hint at <ulink
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url="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/hints/downloads/files/eudev-alt-hint.txt"/>
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to find procedures to install
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<application>eudev</application>.</para></note>
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<para>First, create a file to allow Systemd to build when using Util-Linux
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built in Chapter 5:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="pre">cat > config.cache << "EOF"
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<literal>KILL=/bin/kill
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HAVE_BLKID=1
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BLKID_LIBS="-lblkid"
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BLKID_CFLAGS="-I/tools/include/blkid"
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cc_cv_CFLAGS__flto=no</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>Additionally, fix a build error when using Util-Linux built in
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Chapter 5:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i "s:blkid/::" $(grep -rl "blkid/blkid.h")</userinput></screen>
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<para>Apply a patch so that compat <command>pkg-config</command> files get
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installed without installing compat libs which are useless on LFS:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&systemd-compat-patch;</userinput></screen>
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<para>Prepare Systemd for compilation:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr \
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--sysconfdir=/etc \
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--localstatedir=/var \
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--config-cache \
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--with-rootprefix= \
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--with-rootlibdir=/lib \
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--enable-split-usr \
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--disable-gudev \
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--without-python \
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--docdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
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--with-dbuspolicydir=/etc/dbus-1/system.d \
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--with-dbusinterfacedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/interfaces \
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--with-dbussessionservicedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/services \
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--with-dbussystemservicedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/system-services</userinput></screen>
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<variablelist>
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<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--config-cache</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This switch tells the build system to use
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the <filename>config.cache</filename> file which
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was created earlier.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--with-root*</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>These switches ensure that core programs and
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shared libraries are installed in the subdirectories
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of the root partition.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--enable-split-usr</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This switch ensures that Systemd will work on
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systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
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symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--disable-gudev --without-python</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>These switches disable optional features because
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LFS does not provide their dependencies.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--with-dbus*</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>These switches ensure that D-Bus configuratil files
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get installed in the correct locations.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>Compile the package:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="make">make LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib</userinput></screen>
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<para>First prevent few broken test cases from running:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="test">sed -e "s:test/udev-test.pl::g" \
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-e "s:test-bus-cleanup\$(EXEEXT) ::g" \
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-e "s:test-bus-gvariant\$(EXEEXT) ::g" \
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-i Makefile</userinput></screen>
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<para>To test the results, issue:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="test">make -k check</userinput></screen>
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<para>Note that some tests might fail because the test are being run in a
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chroot environment. For full test coverage, the test suite should be run
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from a system booted using Systemd.</para>
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<para>Install the package:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">make LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib install</userinput></screen>
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<para>Move NSS myhostname library to <filename
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class="directory">/lib</filename>:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/lib/libnss_myhostname.so.2 /lib</userinput></screen>
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<para>Remove an unnecessary directory:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rfv /usr/lib/rpm</userinput></screen>
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<para>Create the Sysvinit compatibility symlinks, and move some man pages
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and a library that conflict with <xref linkend="ch-system-sysvinit"/> so
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both systems can be installed side-by-side:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">for tool in runlevel reboot shutdown poweroff halt telinit; do
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ln -sfv ../bin/systemctl /sbin/${tool}-systemd
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mv -v /usr/share/man/man8/${tool}.8 /usr/share/man/man8/${tool}-systemd.8
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done
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ln -sfv ../lib/systemd/systemd /sbin/init-systemd
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mv -v /etc/init.d /etc/init.d-systemd</userinput></screen>
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<para>Remove a reference to a non-existent group:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">sed -i "s:0775 root lock:0755 root root:g" /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/legacy.conf</userinput></screen>
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<para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
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Journald:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
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<para>Finally install some LFS specific udev rules:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../&udev-lfs-version;.tar.bz2
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make -f &udev-lfs-version;/Makefile.lfs install</userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
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<title>Contents of Systemd</title>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>bootctl, busctl, halt, hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install,
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localectl, loginctl, machinectl, poweroff, reboot, runlevel, shutdown,
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systemctl, systemd-analyze, systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls,
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systemd-cgtop, systemd-coredumpctl, systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
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systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn,
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systemd-run, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
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telinit, timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
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<seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libsystemd.so, libudev.so</seg>
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<seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
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/etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
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/etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
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/usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d,
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/usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
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/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/systemd,
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/var/lib/systemd, /var/log/journal</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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<variablelist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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<varlistentry id="bootctl">
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<term><command>bootctl</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>used to query the firmware and boot manager settings.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
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<primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="busctl">
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<term><command>busctl</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
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<primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="halt">
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<term><command>halt</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
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<parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
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then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
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file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
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brought down.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
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<primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
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<term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>used to query and change the system hostname and related
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settings.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
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<primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="init">
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<term><command>init</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
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the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the
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proceses it is instructed to.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
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<primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="journalctl">
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<term><command>journalctl</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>used to query the contents of the Systemd Journal.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
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<primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="kernel-install">
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<term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
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from /boot.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
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<primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="localectl">
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<term><command>localectl</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
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settings.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
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<primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="loginctl">
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<term><command>loginctl</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>used to introspect and control the state of the Systemd Login
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Manager.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
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<primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="machinectl">
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<term><command>machinectl</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>used to introspect and control the state of the Systemd Virtual
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Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
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<primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="poweroff">
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<term><command>poweroff</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
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(see <command>halt</command>).</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
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<primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="reboot">
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<term><command>reboot</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
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<command>halt</command>).</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
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<primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="runlevel">
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<term><command>runlevel</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
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last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename>.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
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<primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="shutdown">
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<term><command>shutdown</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
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and notifying all logged-in users.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
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<primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="systemctl">
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<term><command>systemctl</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>used to introspect and control the state of the Systemd system and
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service manager.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
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<primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
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<term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>used to determine system boot-up performance of the current boot.
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</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
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<primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
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<term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>used to query a system password or passphrase from the user, using a
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question message specified on the command line.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
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<primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
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<term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>used to connect STDOUT and STDERR of a process with the Journal.
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</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
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<primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
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<term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control group
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hierarchy in a tree.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
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<primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
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<term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group hierarchy,
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ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
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<primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="systemd-coredumpctl">
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<term><command>systemd-coredumpctl</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>used to retrieve coredumps from the Systemd Journal</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-coredumpctl">
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<primary sortas="b-systemd-coredumpctl">systemd-coredumpctl</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
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<term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>used to identify and compare configuration files in
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<filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
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counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
|
|
<term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>detects execution in a virtualized environment.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
|
|
<term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle inhibitor lock
|
|
taken.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
|
|
<term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID stored in
|
|
<filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a randomly
|
|
generated ID.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
|
|
<term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status changes.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
|
|
<term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace container.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="systemd-run">
|
|
<term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope unit and
|
|
run the specified command in it.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<!-- <varlistentry id="systemd-stdio-bridge">
|
|
<term><command>systemd-stdio-bridge</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>To be completed</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-stdio-bridge">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-systemd-stdio-bridge">systemd-stdio-bridge</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry> -->
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
|
|
<term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and directories,
|
|
based on the configuration file format and location specified in
|
|
<filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
|
|
<term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>used to list or process pending Systemd password requests</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="telinit">
|
|
<term><command>telinit</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="timedatectl">
|
|
<term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>used to query and change the system clock and its settings.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="udevadm">
|
|
<term><command>udevadm</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Generic Udev administration tool: controls the udevd daemon,
|
|
provides info from the Udev database, monitors uevents, waits for
|
|
uevents to finish, tests Udev configuration, and triggers uevents
|
|
for a given device.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libsystemd">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Systemd utility library.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libudev">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>A library to access Udev device information.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|