mirror of
https://git.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs.git
synced 2025-01-19 05:27:39 +00:00
fe05b08956
each package. Thanks to Chris Staub for the patch. git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@9285 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
344 lines
12 KiB
XML
344 lines
12 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
|
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
|
|
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
|
|
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
|
%general-entities;
|
|
]>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="ch-system-binutils" role="wrap">
|
|
<?dbhtml filename="binutils.html"?>
|
|
|
|
<sect1info condition="script">
|
|
<productname>binutils</productname>
|
|
<productnumber>&binutils-version;</productnumber>
|
|
<address>&binutils-url;</address>
|
|
</sect1info>
|
|
|
|
<title>Binutils-&binutils-version;</title>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils">
|
|
<primary sortas="a-Binutils">Binutils</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 role="package">
|
|
<title/>
|
|
|
|
<para>The Binutils package contains a linker, an assembler, and other
|
|
tools for handling object files.</para>
|
|
|
|
<segmentedlist>
|
|
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
|
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
|
|
|
<seglistitem>
|
|
<seg>&binutils-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
|
<seg>&binutils-ch6-du;</seg>
|
|
</seglistitem>
|
|
</segmentedlist>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 role="installation">
|
|
<title>Installation of Binutils</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Verify that the PTYs are working properly inside the chroot
|
|
environment by performing a simple test:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput remap="test">expect -c "spawn ls"</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command should output the following:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><computeroutput>spawn ls</computeroutput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>If, instead, the output includes the message below, then the environment
|
|
is not set up for proper PTY operation. This issue needs to be resolved before
|
|
running the test suites for Binutils and GCC:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><computeroutput>The system has no more ptys.
|
|
Ask your system administrator to create more.</computeroutput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>Suppress the installation of an outdated
|
|
<filename>standards.info</filename> file as a newer one is installed later
|
|
on in the Autoconf instructions:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -fv etc/standards.info
|
|
sed -i.bak '/^INFO/s/standards.info //' etc/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>The Binutils documentation recommends building Binutils outside of the
|
|
source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../binutils-build
|
|
cd ../binutils-build</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>Prepare Binutils for compilation:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput remap="configure">../binutils-&binutils-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
|
|
--enable-shared</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput remap="make">make tooldir=/usr</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<title>The meaning of the make parameter:</title>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><parameter>tooldir=/usr</parameter></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Normally, the tooldir (the directory where the executables will
|
|
ultimately be located) is set to <filename
|
|
class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename>. For
|
|
example, x86_64 machines would expand that to <filename
|
|
class="directory">/usr/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu</filename>. Because this is
|
|
a custom system, this target-specific directory in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/usr</filename> is not required. <filename
|
|
class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename> would be
|
|
used if the system was used to cross-compile (for example, compiling a
|
|
package on an Intel machine that generates code that can be executed
|
|
on PowerPC machines).</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
<important>
|
|
<para>The test suite for Binutils in this section is considered critical.
|
|
Do not skip it under any circumstances.</para>
|
|
</important>
|
|
|
|
<para>Test the results:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput remap="install">make tooldir=/usr install</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>Install the <filename class="headerfile">libiberty</filename> header
|
|
file that is needed by some packages:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../binutils-&binutils-version;/include/libiberty.h /usr/include</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="contents-binutils" role="content">
|
|
<title>Contents of Binutils</title>
|
|
|
|
<segmentedlist>
|
|
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
|
<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
|
|
<segtitle>Installed directory</segtitle>
|
|
|
|
<seglistitem>
|
|
<seg>addr2line, ar, as, c++filt, gprof, ld, nm, objcopy, objdump,
|
|
ranlib, readelf, size, strings, and strip</seg>
|
|
<seg>libiberty.a, libbfd.{a,so}, and libopcodes.{a,so}</seg>
|
|
<seg>/usr/lib/ldscripts</seg>
|
|
</seglistitem>
|
|
</segmentedlist>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
|
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
|
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="addr2line">
|
|
<term><command>addr2line</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Translates program addresses to file names and line numbers;
|
|
given an address and the name of an executable, it uses the debugging
|
|
information in the executable to determine which source file and line
|
|
number are associated with the address</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils addr2line">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-addr2line">addr2line</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="ar">
|
|
<term><command>ar</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Creates, modifies, and extracts from archives</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ar">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-ar">ar</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="as">
|
|
<term><command>as</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>An assembler that assembles the output of <command>gcc</command>
|
|
into object files</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils as">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-as">as</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="c-filt">
|
|
<term><command>c++filt</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Used by the linker to de-mangle C++ and Java symbols and to keep
|
|
overloaded functions from clashing</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils c-filt">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-c++filt">c++filt</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="gprof">
|
|
<term><command>gprof</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Displays call graph profile data</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils gprof">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-gprof">gprof</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="ld">
|
|
<term><command>ld</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>A linker that combines a number of object and archive files
|
|
into a single file, relocating their data and tying up symbol
|
|
references</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ld">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-ld">ld</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="nm">
|
|
<term><command>nm</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Lists the symbols occurring in a given object file</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils nm">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-nm">nm</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="objcopy">
|
|
<term><command>objcopy</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Translates one type of object file into another</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils objcopy">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-objcopy">objcopy</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="objdump">
|
|
<term><command>objdump</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Displays information about the given object file, with options
|
|
controlling the particular information to display; the information
|
|
shown is useful to programmers who are working on the compilation
|
|
tools</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils objdump">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-objdump">objdump</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="ranlib">
|
|
<term><command>ranlib</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Generates an index of the contents of an archive and stores it
|
|
in the archive; the index lists all of the symbols defined by archive
|
|
members that are relocatable object files</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ranlib">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-ranlib">ranlib</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="readelf">
|
|
<term><command>readelf</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Displays information about ELF type binaries</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils readelf">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-readelf">readelf</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="size">
|
|
<term><command>size</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Lists the section sizes and the total size for the given
|
|
object files</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils size">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-size">size</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="strings">
|
|
<term><command>strings</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Outputs, for each given file, the sequences of printable
|
|
characters that are of at least the specified length (defaulting to
|
|
four); for object files, it prints, by default, only the strings from
|
|
the initializing and loading sections while for other types of files, it
|
|
scans the entire file</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils strings">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-strings">strings</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="strip">
|
|
<term><command>strip</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Discards symbols from object files</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils strip">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-strip">strip</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libiberty">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libiberty</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Contains routines used by various GNU programs, including
|
|
<command>getopt</command>, <command>obstack</command>,
|
|
<command>strerror</command>, <command>strtol</command>, and
|
|
<command>strtoul</command></para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libiberty">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libiberty">libiberty</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libbfd">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libbfd</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The Binary File Descriptor library</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libbfd">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libbfd">libbfd</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libopcodes">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libopcodes</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>A library for dealing with opcodes—the <quote>readable
|
|
text</quote> versions of instructions for the processor;
|
|
it is used for building utilities like
|
|
<command>objdump</command>.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libopcodes">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libopcodes">libopcodes</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|