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Update to vim-9.1.0478. Update to iana-etc-20240607. Update to systemd-256. Update to python3-3.12.4. Update to perl-5.40.0. Update to openssl-3.3.1 (Security fix). Update to linux-6.9.4. Update to findutils-4.10.0.
306 lines
11 KiB
XML
306 lines
11 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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]>
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<sect1 id="ch-system-udev" role="wrap" revision="sysv">
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<?dbhtml filename="udev.html"?>
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<sect1info condition="script">
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<productname>udev</productname>
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<productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
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<address>&systemd-url;</address>
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</sect1info>
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<title>Udev from Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-udev">
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<primary sortas="a-Udev">Udev</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect2 role="package">
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<title/>
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<para>The Udev package contains programs for dynamic creation of device
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nodes.</para>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>&udev-fin-sbu;</seg>
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<seg>&udev-fin-du;</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="installation">
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<title>Installation of Udev</title>
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<para>Udev is part of the systemd-&systemd-version; package. Use
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the systemd-&systemd-version;.tar.xz file as the source tarball.</para>
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<para>Remove two unneeded groups,
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<systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
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<systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
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rules:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
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-e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
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<para>Remove one udev rule requiring a full Systemd installation:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/systemd-sysctl/s/^/#/' -i rules.d/99-systemd.rules.in</userinput></screen>
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<para>Adjust the hardcoded paths to network configuration files for the
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standalone udev installation:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/NETWORK_DIRS/s/systemd/udev/' -i src/basic/path-lookup.h</userinput></screen>
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<para>Prepare Udev for compilation:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
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cd build
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meson setup \
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--prefix=/usr \
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--buildtype=release \
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-Dmode=release \
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-Ddev-kvm-mode=0660 \
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-Dlink-udev-shared=false \
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-Dlogind=false \
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-Dvconsole=false \
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..</userinput></screen>
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<variablelist>
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<title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
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(<quote>debug</quote>), which produces unoptimized
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binaries.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>-Ddev-kvm-mode=0660</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The default udev rule would allow all users to access
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<filename class='devicefile'>/dev/kvm</filename>. The editors
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consider it dangerous. This option overrides it.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>-Dlink-udev-shared=false</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This option prevents udev from linking to the internal
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systemd shared library,
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<systemitem class='library'>libsystemd-shared</systemitem>.
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This library is designed to be shared by many Systemd components
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and it's too overkill for a udev-only installation.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>-Dlogind=false -Dvconsole=false</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>These options prevent the generation of several udev rule
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files belonging to the other Systemd components that we won't
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install.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>Get the list of the shipped udev helpers and save it into an
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environment variable (exporting it is not strictly necessary, but it makes
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building as a regular user or using a package manager easier):</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="make">export udev_helpers=$(grep "'name' :" ../src/udev/meson.build | \
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awk '{print $3}' | tr -d ",'" | grep -v 'udevadm')</userinput></screen>
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<para>Only build the components needed for udev:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="make">ninja udevadm systemd-hwdb \
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$(ninja -n | grep -Eo '(src/(lib)?udev|rules.d|hwdb.d)/[^ ]*') \
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$(realpath libudev.so --relative-to .) \
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$udev_helpers</userinput></screen>
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<para>Install the package:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">install -vm755 -d {/usr/lib,/etc}/udev/{hwdb.d,rules.d,network}
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install -vm755 -d /usr/{lib,share}/pkgconfig
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install -vm755 udevadm /usr/bin/
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install -vm755 systemd-hwdb /usr/bin/udev-hwdb
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ln -svfn ../bin/udevadm /usr/sbin/udevd
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cp -av libudev.so{,*[0-9]} /usr/lib/
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install -vm644 ../src/libudev/libudev.h /usr/include/
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install -vm644 src/libudev/*.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig/
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install -vm644 src/udev/*.pc /usr/share/pkgconfig/
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install -vm644 ../src/udev/udev.conf /etc/udev/
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install -vm644 rules.d/* ../rules.d/README /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/
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install -vm644 $(find ../rules.d/*.rules \
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-not -name '*power-switch*') /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/
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install -vm644 hwdb.d/* ../hwdb.d/{*.hwdb,README} /usr/lib/udev/hwdb.d/
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install -vm755 $udev_helpers /usr/lib/udev
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install -vm644 ../network/99-default.link /usr/lib/udev/network</userinput></screen>
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<para>Install some custom rules and support files useful in an LFS
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environment:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xvf ../../&udev-lfs-version;.tar.xz
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make -f &udev-lfs-version;/Makefile.lfs install</userinput></screen>
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<para>Install the man pages:</para>
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<!-- Please make sure systemd man pages tarball has a common leading
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component in the path. -->
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<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-man-version;.tar.xz \
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--no-same-owner --strip-components=1 \
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-C /usr/share/man --wildcards '*/udev*' '*/libudev*' \
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'*/systemd.link.5' \
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'*/systemd-'{hwdb,udevd.service}.8
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sed 's|systemd/network|udev/network|' \
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/usr/share/man/man5/systemd.link.5 \
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> /usr/share/man/man5/udev.link.5
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sed 's/systemd\(\\\?-\)/udev\1/' /usr/share/man/man8/systemd-hwdb.8 \
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> /usr/share/man/man8/udev-hwdb.8
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sed 's|lib.*udevd|sbin/udevd|' \
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/usr/share/man/man8/systemd-udevd.service.8 \
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> /usr/share/man/man8/udevd.8
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rm /usr/share/man/man*/systemd*</userinput></screen>
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<para>Finally, unset the <envar>udev_helpers</envar> variable:</para>
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<!-- remap="make" seems confusing but we don't have sth. like
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remap="clean". -->
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<screen><userinput remap="install">unset udev_helpers</userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="conf-udev" role="configuration">
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<title>Configuring Udev</title>
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<indexterm zone="conf-udev">
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<primary sortas="a-Udev">Udev</primary>
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<secondary>configuring</secondary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm zone="conf-udev">
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<primary sortas="e-/etc/udev/hwdb.bin">/etc/udev/hwdb.bin</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>Information about hardware devices is maintained in the
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<filename class="directory">/etc/udev/hwdb.d</filename> and
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<filename class="directory">/usr/lib/udev/hwdb.d</filename> directories.
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<application>Udev</application> needs that information to be compiled
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into a binary database <filename>/etc/udev/hwdb.bin</filename>. Create the
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initial database:</para>
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<screen><userinput>udev-hwdb update</userinput></screen>
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<para>This command needs to be run each time the hardware information is
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updated.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="contents-udev" role="content">
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<title>Contents of Udev</title>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>udevadm, udevd (symlink to udevadm), and udev-hwdb</seg>
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<seg>libudev.so</seg>
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<seg>/etc/udev and /usr/lib/udev</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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<variablelist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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<varlistentry id="udevadm" revision="sysv">
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<term><command>udevadm</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Generic udev administration tool: controls the udevd daemon,
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provides info from the Udev database, monitors uevents, waits for
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uevents to finish, tests Udev configuration, and triggers uevents
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for a given device</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-udev udevadm">
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<primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="udevd">
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<term><command>udevd</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A daemon that listens for uevents on the netlink socket,
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creates devices and runs the configured external programs in
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response to these uevents</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-udev udevd">
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<primary sortas="b-udevd">udevd</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="udev-hwdb">
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<term><command>udev-hwdb</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Updates or queries the hardware database.</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-udev udev-hwdb">
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<primary sortas="b-udev-hwdb">udev-hwdb</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="libudev">
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<term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A library interface to udev device information</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-udev libudev">
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<primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="etc-udev">
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<term><filename class="directory">/etc/udev</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Contains Udev configuration files,
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device permissions, and rules for device naming</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-udev etc-udev">
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<primary sortas="e-/etc/udev">/etc/udev</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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