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Update to iana-etc-20240723. Update to glibc-2.40. Update to iproute2-6.10.0. Update to linux-6.10.2. Update to lz4-1.10.0. Update to meson-1.5.1. Update to setuptools-71.1.0. Update to sysklogd-2.6.1. Update to systemd-256.4. Update to sysvinit-3.10.
1086 lines
41 KiB
XML
1086 lines
41 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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]>
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<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
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<?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
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<sect1info condition="script">
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<productname>glibc</productname>
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<productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
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<address>&glibc-url;</address>
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</sect1info>
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<title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
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<primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect2 role="package">
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<title/>
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<para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
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the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
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closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
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arithmetic, and so on.</para>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>&glibc-fin-sbu;</seg>
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<seg>&glibc-fin-du;</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="installation">
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<title>Installation of Glibc</title>
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<para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
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<filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
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their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
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store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
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<!--
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<para>Now fix a security vulnerability:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-upstream-patch;</userinput></screen>
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-->
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<para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
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in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
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cd build</userinput></screen>
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<para>Ensure that the <command>ldconfig</command> and <command>sln</command>
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utilities will be installed into
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<filename class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename>:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="pre">echo "rootsbindir=/usr/sbin" > configparms</userinput></screen>
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<para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
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--disable-werror \
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--enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
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--enable-stack-protector=strong \
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--disable-nscd \
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libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</userinput></screen>
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<variablelist>
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<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
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GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--enable-kernel=&min-kernel;</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This option tells the build system that this Glibc may
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be used with kernels as old as &min-kernel;. This means generating
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workarounds in case a system call introduced in a later version
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cannot be used.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This option increases system security by adding
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extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
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smashing attacks. Note that Glibc always explicitly overrides
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the default of GCC, so this option is still needed even though
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we've already specified <option>--enable-default-ssp</option> for
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GCC.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--disable-nscd</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Do not build the name service cache daemon which is no
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longer used.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This variable sets the correct library for all
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systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>Compile the package:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
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<important>
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<para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
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Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
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</important>
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<para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
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are usually safe to ignore.</para>
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<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
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<!--<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
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i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
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x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
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esac</userinput></screen>
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<note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
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stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
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in the install phase below.</para></note>
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-->
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<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
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<para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
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somewhat dependent on the host system. A few failures out of
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over 5000 tests can generally be ignored. This is a list of the
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most common issues seen for recent versions of LFS:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para><emphasis>io/tst-lchmod</emphasis>
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is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Some tests, for example
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<emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis> and
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<emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity*</emphasis>
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are known to fail due to a timeout (especially when the system is
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relatively slow and/or running the test suite with multiple
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parallel make jobs). These tests can be identified with:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="test">grep "Timed out" $(find -name \*.out)</userinput></screen>
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<para>It's possible to re-run a single test with enlarged timeout
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with
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<command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=<replaceable><factor></replaceable>
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make test t=<replaceable><test name></replaceable></command>.
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For example, <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=10 make test
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t=nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</command> will re-run
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<emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis> with ten times
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the original timeout.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Additionally, some tests may fail with a relatively old CPU
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model (for example
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<emphasis>elf/tst-cpu-features-cpuinfo</emphasis>) or host kernel
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version (for example
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<emphasis>stdlib/tst-arc4random-thread</emphasis>).</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
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complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
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Prevent this warning with:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
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<!-- https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=21911 -->
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<para>Fix the Makefile to skip an outdated sanity check
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that fails with a modern Glibc configuration:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
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<important>
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<para>
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If upgrading Glibc to a new minor version (for example, from
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Glibc-2.36 to Glibc-&glibc-version;) on a running LFS system, you
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need to take some extra precautions to avoid breaking the system:
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<!-- There are two reasons we don't support this:
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1. Upgrading on a system with separate /lib and /usr/lib is
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tricky.
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2. With Glibc prior to 2.34 libc.so.6 etc. are symlinks to
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libc-2.33.so etc., again causing the upgradation tricky.
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The Glibc NEWS file explicit states they no longer use
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symlinks for the ABI names to avoid upgradation
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issues. -->
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<para>
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Upgrading Glibc on a LFS system prior to 11.0 (exclusive) is
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not supported. Rebuild LFS if you are running such an old LFS
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system but you need a newer Glibc.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<!-- https://sourceware.org/pipermail/libc-alpha/2024-January/154095.html -->
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<listitem>
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<para>
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If upgrading on a LFS system prior to 12.0 (exclusive), install
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<application>Libxcrypt</application> following
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<xref role='.' linkend='ch-system-libxcrypt'/> In addition to
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a normal <application>Libxcrypt</application> installation,
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<emphasis role='bold'>you MUST follow the note in Libxcrypt
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section to install
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<filename class='libraryfile'>libcrypt.so.1*</filename>
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(replacing
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<filename class='libraryfile'>libcrypt.so.1</filename> from the
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prior Glibc installation)</emphasis>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<!-- Otherwise on lfs-systemd nscd will fail to start on boot,
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and on both lfs-sysv and lfs-systemd useradd etc. will try
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to start nscd, then nscd will fail to start as well and
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produce some spurious error message. -->
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<listitem>
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<para>
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If upgrading on a LFS system prior to 12.1 (exclusive),
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remove the <command>nscd</command> program:
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</para>
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<screen role='nodump'><userinput>rm -f /usr/sbin/nscd</userinput></screen>
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<para revision='systemd'>
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If this system (prior to LFS 12.1, exclusive) is based on
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Systemd, it's also needed to disable and stop the
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<command>nscd</command> service now:
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</para>
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<screen revision='systemd' role='nodump'><userinput>systemctl disable --now nscd</userinput></screen>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Upgrade the kernel and reboot if it's older than &min-kernel;
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(check the current version with <command>uname -r</command>)
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or if you want to upgrade it anyway, following
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<xref linkend='ch-bootable-kernel' role='.'/>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Upgrade the kernel API headers if it's older than &min-kernel;
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(check the current version with
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<command>cat /usr/include/linux/version.h</command>)
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or if you want to upgrade it anyway, following
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<xref linkend='ch-tools-linux-headers'/> (but removing
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<envar>$LFS</envar> from the <command>cp</command> command).
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<!-- This is to ensure we don't start a process at the time point
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where some Glibc shared libraries are updated but the others
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are not. Such mismatches can cause programs crash on startup,
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esp. a mismatch between ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 and
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libc.so.6. Note that a crash in the installation process
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will leave the system in a state with the mismatch forever,
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unrecoverable without the help of another distro. -->
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Perform a <envar>DESTDIR</envar> installation and upgrade
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the Glibc shared libraries on the system using one single
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<command>install</command> command:
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</para>
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<screen role='nodump'><userinput>make DESTDIR=$PWD/dest install
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install -vm755 dest/usr/lib/*.so.* /usr/lib</userinput></screen>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>
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It's imperative to strictly follow these steps above unless you
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completely understand what you are doing.
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<emphasis role='bold'>Any unexpected deviation may render the
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system completely unusable. YOU ARE WARNED.</emphasis>
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</para>
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<para>
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Then continue to run the <command>make install</command> command,
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the <command>sed</command> command against
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<filename>/usr/bin/ldd</filename>, and the commands to install
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the locales. Once they are finished, reboot the system
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immediately.
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</para>
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</important>
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<para>Install the package:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
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<para>Fix a hardcoded path to the executable loader in the
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<command>ldd</command> script:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/RTLDLIST=/s@/usr@@g' -i /usr/bin/ldd</userinput></screen>
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<!--
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<para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
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<command>nscd</command>:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
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mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
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<para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
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<command>nscd</command>:</para>
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<screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
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install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
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-->
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<para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
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different language. None of these locales are required, but if some of them
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are missing, the test suites of some packages will skip important
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test cases.</para>
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<para>Individual locales can be installed using the
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<command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the second
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<command>localedef</command> command below combines the
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<filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
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charset-independent locale definition with the
|
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<filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
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charmap definition and appends the result to the
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<filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
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The following instructions will install the minimum set of
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locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">localedef -i C -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8
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localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
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localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
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localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
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localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
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localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
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localedef -i en_GB -f ISO-8859-1 en_GB
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localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
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localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
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localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
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localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
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localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
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localedef -i es_ES -f ISO-8859-15 es_ES@euro
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localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
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localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
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localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
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localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
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localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
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localedef -i is_IS -f ISO-8859-1 is_IS
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localedef -i is_IS -f UTF-8 is_IS.UTF-8
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localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
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localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-15 it_IT@euro
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localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
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localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
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localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true
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localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
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localedef -i nl_NL@euro -f ISO-8859-15 nl_NL@euro
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localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
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localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
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localedef -i se_NO -f UTF-8 se_NO.UTF-8
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localedef -i ta_IN -f UTF-8 ta_IN.UTF-8
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localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
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localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
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localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS
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localedef -i zh_TW -f UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8</userinput></screen>
|
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<para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
|
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character set.</para>
|
|
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<para>Alternatively, install all the locales listed in the
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<filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
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|
(it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
|
|
following time-consuming command:</para>
|
|
|
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<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
|
|
install locales not listed in the
|
|
<filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
|
|
when you need them. For instance, the following two locales are
|
|
needed for some tests later in this chapter:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-full">localedef -i C -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8
|
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localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
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|
domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
|
|
is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
|
|
<ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
|
|
</para></note>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
|
|
<title>Configuring Glibc</title>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
|
|
<primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
|
|
<primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
|
|
because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
|
|
following:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen revision='sysv'><userinput>cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"
|
|
<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
|
|
|
|
passwd: files
|
|
group: files
|
|
shadow: files
|
|
|
|
hosts: files dns
|
|
networks: files
|
|
|
|
protocols: files
|
|
services: files
|
|
ethers: files
|
|
rpc: files
|
|
|
|
# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
|
|
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<screen revision='systemd'><userinput>cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"
|
|
<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
|
|
|
|
passwd: files systemd
|
|
group: files systemd
|
|
shadow: files systemd
|
|
|
|
hosts: mymachines resolve [!UNAVAIL=return] files myhostname dns
|
|
networks: files
|
|
|
|
protocols: files
|
|
services: files
|
|
ethers: files
|
|
rpc: files
|
|
|
|
# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
|
|
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Adding Time Zone Data</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
|
|
<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
|
|
|
|
ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
|
|
mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
|
|
|
|
for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
|
|
asia australasia backward; do
|
|
zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
|
|
zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
|
|
zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
|
|
done
|
|
|
|
cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
|
|
zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
|
|
unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>This creates posix time zones without any leap seconds. It is
|
|
conventional to put these in both
|
|
<filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
|
|
<filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
|
|
necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
|
|
<filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
|
|
test suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
|
|
tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
|
|
1.9 MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
|
|
directory, but some applications or test suites might produce some
|
|
failures.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
|
|
embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
|
|
ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
|
|
save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
|
|
directory.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
|
|
New York because POSIX requires the daylight saving time rules
|
|
to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
|
|
script:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
|
|
output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
|
|
<emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
|
|
time zones listed in <filename
|
|
class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
|
|
<emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
|
|
are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
|
|
running:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>Replace <replaceable><xxx></replaceable> with the name of the
|
|
time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
|
|
<title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm zone="conf-ld">
|
|
<primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
|
|
class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
|
|
<filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries
|
|
that are needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are
|
|
libraries in directories other than
|
|
<filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
|
|
to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
|
|
dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
|
|
to contain additional libraries are <filename
|
|
class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
|
|
class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
|
|
dynamic loader's search path.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
|
|
following:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput>cat > /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF"
|
|
<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
|
|
/usr/local/lib
|
|
/opt/lib
|
|
</literal>
|
|
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
|
|
include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
|
|
this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
|
|
To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat >> /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF"
|
|
<literal># Add an include directory
|
|
include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
|
|
</literal>
|
|
EOF
|
|
mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
|
|
<title>Contents of Glibc</title>
|
|
|
|
<segmentedlist>
|
|
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
|
<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
|
|
<segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
|
|
|
|
<seglistitem>
|
|
<seg>gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
|
|
ldd, lddlibc4,
|
|
ld.so (symlink to ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 or ld-linux.so.2),
|
|
locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace,
|
|
pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
|
|
zdump, and zic</seg>
|
|
<seg>ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, ld-linux.so.2,
|
|
libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libanl.{a,so},
|
|
libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libc_malloc_debug.so,
|
|
libdl.{a,so.2}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
|
|
libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.so.1,
|
|
libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
|
|
libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so.0},
|
|
libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so.1},
|
|
libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so.1}</seg>
|
|
<seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
|
|
/usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
|
|
/usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
|
|
/usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
|
|
/usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
|
|
/usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
|
|
/usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
|
|
/usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
|
|
and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
|
|
</seglistitem>
|
|
</segmentedlist>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
|
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
|
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="gencat">
|
|
<term><command>gencat</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Generates message catalogues</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="getconf">
|
|
<term><command>getconf</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
|
|
specific variables</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="getent">
|
|
<term><command>getent</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="iconv">
|
|
<term><command>iconv</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Performs character set conversion</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
|
|
<term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
|
|
files</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="ldconfig">
|
|
<term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="ldd">
|
|
<term><command>ldd</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Reports which shared libraries are required
|
|
by each given program or shared library</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
|
|
<term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files.
|
|
It does not exist on newer architectures like x86_64</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="locale">
|
|
<term><command>locale</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="localedef">
|
|
<term><command>localedef</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="makedb">
|
|
<term><command>makedb</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="mtrace">
|
|
<term><command>mtrace</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
|
|
in human-readable format</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
|
|
<term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="pldd">
|
|
<term><command>pldd</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="sln">
|
|
<term><command>sln</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="sotruss">
|
|
<term><command>sotruss</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="sprof">
|
|
<term><command>sprof</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="tzselect">
|
|
<term><command>tzselect</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
|
|
the corresponding time zone description</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="xtrace">
|
|
<term><command>xtrace</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
|
|
executed function</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="zdump">
|
|
<term><command>zdump</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The time zone dumper</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="zic">
|
|
<term><command>zic</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The time zone compiler</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="ld.so">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-*.so</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
|
|
(e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
|
|
<filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
|
|
for more information</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libanl">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was the
|
|
asynchronous name lookup library, whose functions are now in
|
|
<filename class='libraryfile'>libc</filename></para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libc">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The main C library</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libc_malloc_debug">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libc_malloc_debug</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Turns on memory allocation checking when preloaded</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc_malloc_debug">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libc_malloc_debug">libc_malloc_debug</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libdl">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was the
|
|
dynamic linking interface library, whose functions are now in
|
|
<filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libg">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
|
|
library for <command>g++</command></para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libm">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The mathematical library</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libmvec">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libmvec</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The vector math library, linked in as needed
|
|
when <filename class='libraryfile'>libm</filename> is used</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmvec">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libmvec">libmvec</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libmcheck">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libmemusage">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
|
|
information about the memory usage of a program</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libnsl">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The network services library, now deprecated</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libnss">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss_*</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The Name Service Switch modules, containing functions for
|
|
resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
|
|
protocols, etc. Loaded by
|
|
<filename class='libraryfile'>libc</filename> according to the
|
|
configuration in <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename></para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss_*</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libpthread">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
|
|
functions providing most of the interfaces specified
|
|
by the POSIX.1c Threads Extensions and the semaphore interfaces
|
|
specified by the POSIX.1b Real-time Extensions, now the functions
|
|
are in <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libresolv">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
|
|
packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="librt">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
|
|
by the POSIX.1b Real-time Extensions</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libthread_db">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
|
|
multi-threaded programs</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libutil">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
|
|
code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
|
|
many different Unix utilities. These functions are now in
|
|
<filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|