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Change nobody/nogroup uid/git to 65534. Update to meson-0.62.1. Update to libpipeline-1.5.6. Update to elfutils-0.187. Update to Jinja2-3.1.2. Update to vim-8.2.4814. Update to sysvinit-3.03. Update to linux-5.17.5. Update to gcc-11.3.0. Update to coreutils-9.1. Update to bc-5.2.4.
628 lines
23 KiB
XML
628 lines
23 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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]>
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<sect1 id="ch-system-gcc" role="wrap">
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<?dbhtml filename="gcc.html"?>
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<sect1info condition="script">
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<productname>gcc</productname>
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<productnumber>&gcc-version;</productnumber>
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<address>&gcc-url;</address>
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</sect1info>
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<title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc">
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<primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect2 role="package">
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<title/>
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<para>The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes
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the C and C++ compilers.</para>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>&gcc-fin-sbu;</seg>
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<seg>&gcc-fin-du;</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="installation">
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<title>Installation of GCC</title>
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<!--
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<para>At first, fix an issue breaking
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<filename class="libraryfile">libasan.a</filename> building this package
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with Glibc-2.34 or later:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -e '/static.*SIGSTKSZ/d' \
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-e 's/return kAltStackSize/return SIGSTKSZ * 4/' \
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-i libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_posix_libcdep.cpp</userinput></screen>
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-->
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<para>If building on x86_64, change the default directory name for 64-bit
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libraries to <quote>lib</quote>:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in
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x86_64)
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sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' \
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-i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64
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;;
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esac</userinput></screen>
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<para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
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cd build</userinput></screen>
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<para>Prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
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LD=ld \
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--enable-languages=c,c++ \
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--disable-multilib \
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--disable-bootstrap \
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--with-system-zlib</userinput></screen>
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<para>Note that for other programming languages there are some prerequisites that
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are not yet available. See the
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<ulink url="&blfs-book;general/gcc.html">BLFS Book GCC page</ulink>
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for instructions on how to build all of GCC's supported languages.</para>
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<variablelist>
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<title>The meaning of the new configure parameters:</title>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>LD=ld</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This parameter makes the configure script use the ld installed
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by the binutils built earlier in this chapter, rather than
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the cross-built version which would otherwise be used.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--with-system-zlib</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This switch tells GCC to link to the system installed copy of
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the zlib library, rather than its own internal copy.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>Compile the package:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
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<important>
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<para>In this section, the test suite for GCC is considered
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important, but it takes a long time. First time builders are
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encouraged to not skip it. The time to run the tests can be
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reduced significantly by adding -jx to the make command below
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where x is the number of cores on your system.</para>
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</important>
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<para>One set of tests in the GCC test suite is known to exhaust the default
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stack, so increase the stack size prior to running the tests:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="test">ulimit -s 32768</userinput></screen>
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<para>Test the results as a non-privileged user, but do not stop at errors:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="test">chown -Rv tester .
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su tester -c "PATH=$PATH make -k check"</userinput></screen>
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<para>To receive a summary of the test suite results, run:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="test">../contrib/test_summary</userinput></screen>
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<para>For only the summaries, pipe the output through
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<userinput>grep -A7 Summ</userinput>.</para>
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<para>Results can be compared with those located at <ulink
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url="&test-results;"/> and
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<ulink url="https://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-testresults/"/>.</para>
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<!-- https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=101081 -->
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<para>Eight tests related to analyzer are known to fail.</para>
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<para>In libstdc++, one numpunct test and six tests related to get_time are
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known to fail. These are all because the locale definitions in glibc have
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changed but libstdc++ does not currently support those changes.</para>
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<para>A few unexpected failures cannot always be avoided. The GCC developers
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are usually aware of these issues, but have not resolved them yet.
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Unless the test results are vastly different from those at the above URL,
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it is safe to continue.</para>
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<!--note><para>
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On some combinations of kernel configuration and AMD processors
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there may be more than 1100 failures in the gcc.target/i386/mpx
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tests (which are designed to test the MPX option on recent
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Intel processors). These can safely be ignored on AMD
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processors. These tests will also fail on Intel processors if MPX support
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is not enabled in the kernel even though it is present on the CPU.
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</para></note-->
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<!-- PR 91085, will be fixed in GCC 12. -->
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<para>Install the package and remove an unneeded directory:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">make install
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rm -rf /usr/lib/gcc/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/&gcc-version;/include-fixed/bits/</userinput></screen>
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<para>The GCC build directory is owned by <systemitem class="username">
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tester</systemitem> now and the ownership of the installed header
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directory (and its content) will be incorrect. Change the ownership to
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<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user and group:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">chown -v -R root:root \
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/usr/lib/gcc/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/&gcc-version;/include{,-fixed}</userinput></screen>
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<para>Create a symlink required by the <ulink
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url="https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/FHS_3.0/fhs/ch03s09.html">FHS</ulink>
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for "historical" reasons.</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">ln -svr /usr/bin/cpp /usr/lib</userinput></screen>
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<!-- already done earlier
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<para>Many packages use the name <command>cc</command> to call the C
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compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">ln -sv gcc /usr/bin/cc</userinput></screen>
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-->
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<para>Add a compatibility symlink to enable building programs with
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Link Time Optimization (LTO):</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">ln -sfv ../../libexec/gcc/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/&gcc-version;/liblto_plugin.so \
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/usr/lib/bfd-plugins/</userinput></screen>
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<para>Now that our final toolchain is in place, it is important to again ensure
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that compiling and linking will work as expected. We do this by performing
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some sanity checks:</para>
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<screen><userinput>echo 'int main(){}' > dummy.c
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cc dummy.c -v -Wl,--verbose &> dummy.log
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readelf -l a.out | grep ': /lib'</userinput></screen>
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<para>There should be no errors,
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and the output of the last command will be (allowing for
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platform-specific differences in the dynamic linker name):</para>
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<screen><computeroutput>[Requesting program interpreter: /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]</computeroutput></screen>
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<para>Now make sure that we're setup to use the correct start files:</para>
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<screen><userinput>grep -o '/usr/lib.*/crt[1in].*succeeded' dummy.log</userinput></screen>
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<para>The output of the last command should be:</para>
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<screen><computeroutput>/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/crt1.o succeeded
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/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/crti.o succeeded
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/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/crtn.o succeeded</computeroutput></screen>
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<para>Depending on your machine architecture, the above may differ slightly.
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The difference will be the name of the directory
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after <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/gcc</filename>. The important
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thing to look for here is that <command>gcc</command> has found all three
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<filename>crt*.o</filename> files under the
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<filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> directory.</para>
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<para>Verify that the compiler is searching for the correct header
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files:</para>
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<screen><userinput>grep -B4 '^ /usr/include' dummy.log</userinput></screen>
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<para>This command should return the following output:</para>
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<screen><computeroutput>#include <...> search starts here:
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/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include
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/usr/local/include
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/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include-fixed
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/usr/include</computeroutput></screen>
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<para>Again, the directory named after your target triplet may be
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different than the above, depending on your system architecture.</para>
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<para>Next, verify that the new linker is being used with the correct search paths:</para>
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<screen><userinput>grep 'SEARCH.*/usr/lib' dummy.log |sed 's|; |\n|g'</userinput></screen>
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<para>References to paths that have components with '-linux-gnu' should
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be ignored, but otherwise the output of the last command should be:</para>
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<screen><computeroutput>SEARCH_DIR("/usr/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/lib64")
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SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib64")
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SEARCH_DIR("/lib64")
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SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib64")
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SEARCH_DIR("/usr/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/lib")
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SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib")
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SEARCH_DIR("/lib")
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SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib");</computeroutput></screen>
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<para>A 32-bit system may see a few different directories. For example, here
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is the output from an i686 machine:</para>
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<screen><computeroutput>SEARCH_DIR("/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib32")
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SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib32")
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SEARCH_DIR("/lib32")
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SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib32")
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SEARCH_DIR("/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib")
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SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib")
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SEARCH_DIR("/lib")
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SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib");</computeroutput></screen>
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<para>Next make sure that we're using the correct libc:</para>
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<screen><userinput>grep "/lib.*/libc.so.6 " dummy.log</userinput></screen>
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<para>The output of the last command should be:</para>
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<screen><computeroutput>attempt to open /usr/lib/libc.so.6 succeeded</computeroutput></screen>
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<para>Make sure GCC is using the correct dynamic linker:</para>
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<screen><userinput>grep found dummy.log</userinput></screen>
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<para>The output of the last command should be (allowing for
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platform-specific differences in dynamic linker name):</para>
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<screen><computeroutput>found ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 at /usr/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2</computeroutput></screen>
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<para>If the output does not appear as shown above or is not received
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at all, then something is seriously wrong. Investigate and retrace the
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steps to find out where the problem is and correct it. <!--The most likely
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reason is that something went wrong with the specs file adjustment.--> Any
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issues will need to be resolved before continuing with the process.</para>
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<para>Once everything is working correctly, clean up the test files:</para>
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<screen><userinput>rm -v dummy.c a.out dummy.log</userinput></screen>
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<para>Finally, move a misplaced file:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">mkdir -pv /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib
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mv -v /usr/lib/*gdb.py /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib</userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="contents-gcc" role="content">
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<title>Contents of GCC</title>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>c++, cc (link to gcc), cpp, g++, gcc,
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gcc-ar, gcc-nm, gcc-ranlib, gcov, gcov-dump, gcov-tool,
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and lto-dump</seg>
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<seg>libasan.{a,so}, libatomic.{a,so}, libcc1.so, libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a,
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libgcc_s.so, libgcov.a, libgomp.{a,so}, libitm.{a,so},
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liblsan.{a,so}, liblto_plugin.so,
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libquadmath.{a,so}, libssp.{a,so}, libssp_nonshared.a,
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libstdc++.{a,so}, libstdc++fs.a, libsupc++.a, libtsan.{a,so},
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and libubsan.{a,so}</seg>
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<seg>/usr/include/c++, /usr/lib/gcc, /usr/libexec/gcc, and
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/usr/share/gcc-&gcc-version;</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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<variablelist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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<varlistentry id="c">
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<term><command>c++</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The C++ compiler</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc c">
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<primary sortas="b-c++">c++</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="cc">
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<term><command>cc</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The C compiler</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cc">
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<primary sortas="b-cc">cc</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="cpp">
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<term><command>cpp</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The C preprocessor; it is used by the compiler to expand the
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#include, #define, and similar statements in the source files</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cpp">
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<primary sortas="b-cpp">cpp</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="g">
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<term><command>g++</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The C++ compiler</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc g">
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<primary sortas="b-g++">g++</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="gcc">
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<term><command>gcc</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The C compiler</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc">
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<primary sortas="b-gcc">gcc</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="gcc-ar">
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<term><command>gcc-ar</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A wrapper around <command>ar</command> that adds a
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plugin to the command line. This program is only used
|
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to add "link time optimization" and is not useful with the
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default build options</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc-ar">
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<primary sortas="b-gcc-ar">gc-ar</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="gcc-nm">
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<term><command>gcc-nm</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A wrapper around <command>nm</command> that adds a
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plugin to the command line. This program is only used
|
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to add "link time optimization" and is not useful with the
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default build options</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc-nm">
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<primary sortas="b-gcc-nm">gc-nm</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="gcc-ranlib">
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<term><command>gcc-ranlib</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A wrapper around <command>ranlib</command> that adds a
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plugin to the command line. This program is only used
|
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to add "link time optimization" and is not useful with the
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default build options</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc-ranlib">
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<primary sortas="b-gcc-ranlib">gc-ranlib</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="gcov">
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<term><command>gcov</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A coverage testing tool; it is used to analyze programs to
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determine where optimizations will have the most effect</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov">
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<primary sortas="b-gcov">gcov</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="gcov-dump">
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<term><command>gcov-dump</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Offline gcda and gcno profile dump tool</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov-dump">
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<primary sortas="b-gcov-dump">gcov-dump</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="gcov-tool">
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<term><command>gcov-tool</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Offline gcda profile processing tool</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov-tool">
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<primary sortas="b-gcov-tool">gcov-tool</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="lto-dump">
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<term><command>lto-dump</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Tool for dumping object files produced by GCC with LTO
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enabled</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc lto-dump">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-lto-dump">lto-dump</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libasan">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libasan</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The Address Sanitizer runtime library</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libasan">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-libasan">libasan</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libatomic">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libatomic</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>GCC atomic built-in runtime library</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libatomic">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-libatomic">libatomic</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libcc1">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libcc1</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The C preprocessing library</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libcc1">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-libcc1">libcc1</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libgcc">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcc</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Contains run-time support for <command>gcc</command></para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcc">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libgcc">libgcc</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libgcov">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcov</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>This library is linked in to a program when GCC is instructed
|
|
to enable profiling</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcov">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libgcov">libgcov</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libgomp">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libgomp</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>GNU implementation of the OpenMP API for multi-platform
|
|
shared-memory parallel programming in C/C++ and Fortran</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgomp">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libgomp">libgomp</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libitm">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libitm</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The GNU transactional memory library</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libitm">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libitm">libitm</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="liblsan">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">liblsan</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The Leak Sanitizer runtime library</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc liblsan">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-liblsan">liblsan</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="liblto_plugin">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">liblto_plugin</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>GCC's LTO plugin allows binutils to process object files
|
|
produced by GCC with LTO enabled</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc liblto_plugin">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-liblto_plugin">liblto_plugin</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libquadmath">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libquadmath</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>GCC Quad Precision Math Library API</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libquadmath">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libquadmath">libquadmath</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libssp">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libssp</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Contains routines supporting GCC's stack-smashing protection
|
|
functionality</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libssp">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libssp">libssp</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libstdc">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The standard C++ library</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdc">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libstdc++">libstdc++</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libstdcfs">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++fs</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>ISO/IEC TS 18822:2015 Filesystem library</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdcfs">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libstdc++fs">libstdc++fs</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libsupc">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libsupc++</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Provides supporting routines for the C++ programming
|
|
language</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libsupc">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libsupc++">libsupc++</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libtsan">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libtsan</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The Thread Sanitizer runtime library</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libtsan">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libtsan">libtsan</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libubsan">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libubsan</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The Undefined Behavior Sanitizer runtime library</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libubsan">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libubsan">libubsan</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|