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89 lines
3.9 KiB
XML
89 lines
3.9 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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]>
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<sect1 id="ch-tools-chroot">
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<?dbhtml filename="env.html"?>
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<title>Setting up the Environment</title>
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<para>The current shell is also the <command>init</command> process,
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so exiting from it will cause kernel panic. Prevent exiting from the
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shell accidentally:</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput>enable -n exit
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readonly IGNOREEOF=1000</userinput></screen>
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<para>The standard I/O streams of the initial shell process is connected
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with <filename>/dev/console</filename>. However, the testsuite of some
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packages may expect the standard I/O streams to be connected with a
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<quote>real</quote> TTY device node. Spawn a new shell process on the
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TTY device with <command>agetty</command>:</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput>agetty -n -l /bin/bash <replaceable>tty0</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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<para>If you are working via a serial console, replace
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<replaceable>tty0</replaceable> with the name of the serial console
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device node, for example <literal>ttyS0</literal>.</para>
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<para>The command above spawns a new shell process on the TTY device
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specified in the command, and the initial shell process will run in
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background as an init process with very limited functions. The new shell
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process will output:</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><computeroutput>bash: cannot set terminal process group (-1): Inappropriate ioctl for device
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bash: no job control in this shell</computeroutput></screen>
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<para>This is normal because the shell is not assigned with a
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controlling terminal yet. Now set up controlling terminal and
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environment variables:</para>
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<screen><userinput>exec setsid -c /usr/bin/env -i \
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HOME=/root \
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TERM="$TERM" \
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PS1='(lfs) \u:\w\$ ' \
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PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin \
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/bin/bash --login</userinput></screen>
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<para>The command replace the current shell process with a new shell
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process, with controlling terminal set up.</para>
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<para>The <parameter>-i</parameter> option given to the <command>env</command>
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command will clear all the variables in the environment. After that, only
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the <envar>HOME</envar>, <envar>TERM</envar>, <envar>PS1</envar>, and
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<envar>PATH</envar> variables are set again. The
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<parameter>TERM=$TERM</parameter> construct will set the <envar>TERM</envar>
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variable to the default value specified by <command>agetty</command>. This variable is
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needed so programs like <command>vim</command> and <command>less</command>
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can operate properly. If other variables are desired, such as
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<envar>CFLAGS</envar> or <envar>CXXFLAGS</envar>, this is a good place to set
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them.</para>
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<para>Notice that <filename class="directory">/tools/bin</filename> is not
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in the <envar>PATH</envar>. This means that the cross toolchain will no longer be
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used.</para>
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<para>Note that the <command>bash</command> prompt will say
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<computeroutput>I have no name!</computeroutput> This is normal because the
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<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file has not been created yet.</para>
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<para>Now set up a temporary hostname, which is required by test suite of
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some packages:</para>
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<screen><userinput>hostname lfs</userinput></screen>
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<note>
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<para>It is important that all the commands throughout the remainder of this
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chapter and the following chapters are run from within the environment
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we've set. If you leave this environment for any reason (rebooting for
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example), ensure that the virtual kernel filesystems are mounted as
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explained in <xref linkend="ch-tools-kernfsmount"/> and
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<xref linkend="ch-tools-devadjust"/> and set up the environment again before
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continuing with the installation.</para>
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</note>
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</sect1>
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