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git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@544 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
114 lines
3.4 KiB
XML
114 lines
3.4 KiB
XML
<sect1 id="ch02-install">
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<title>How to install the software</title>
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<para>
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Before you can actually start doing something with a package, you need
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to unpack it first. Often the package files are tar'ed and
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gzip'ed or bzip2'ed. I'm not going to write down every time how to
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unpack an archive. I will explain how to do that once, in this
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section.
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</para>
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<para>
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To start with, change to the $LFS/usr/src directory by running:
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</para>
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<blockquote><literallayout>
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<userinput>cd $LFS/usr/src</userinput>
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</literallayout></blockquote>
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<para>
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If a file is tar'ed and gzip'ed, it is unpacked by
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running either one of the following two commands, depending on the
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filename:
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</para>
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<blockquote><literallayout>
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<userinput>tar xvzf filename.tar.gz</userinput>
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<userinput>tar xvzf filename.tgz</userinput>
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</literallayout></blockquote>
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<para>
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If a file is tar'ed and bzip2'ed, it is unpacked by
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running:
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</para>
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<blockquote><literallayout>
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<userinput>bzcat filename.tar.bz2 | tar xv</userinput>
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</literallayout></blockquote>
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<para>
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Some tar programs (most of them nowadays but not all of them) are
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slightly modified to be able to use bzip2 files directly using either
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the I or the y tar parameter, which works the same as the z tar parameter
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to handle gzip archives. The above construction works no matter how
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your host system decided to patch bzip2.
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</para>
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<para>
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If a file is just tar'ed, it is unpacked by running:
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</para>
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<blockquote><literallayout>
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<userinput>tar xvf filename.tar</userinput>
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</literallayout></blockquote>
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<para>
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When an archive is unpacked, a new directory will be created under the
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current directory (and this book assumes that the archives are unpacked
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under the $LFS/usr/src directory). Please enter that new directory
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before continuing with the installation instructions. Again, every time
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this book is going to install a package, it's up to you to unpack the source
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archive and cd into the newly created directory.
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</para>
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<para>
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From time to time you will be dealing with single files such as patch
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files. These files are generally gzip'ed or bzip2'ed. Before such files
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can be used they need to be uncompressed first.
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</para>
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<para>
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If a file is gzip'ed, it is unpacked by running:
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</para>
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<blockquote><literallayout>
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<userinput>gunzip filename.gz</userinput>
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</literallayout></blockquote>
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<para>
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If a file is bzip2'ed, it is unpacked by running:
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</para>
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<blockquote><literallayout>
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<userinput>bunzip2 filename.bz2</userinput>
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</literallayout></blockquote>
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<para>
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After a package has been installed, two things can be done with it:
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either the directory that contains the sources can be deleted,
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or it can be kept. If it is kept, that's fine with me, but if the
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same package is needed again in a later chapter, the directory
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needs to be deleted first before using it again. If this is not done,
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you might end up in trouble because old settings will be used (settings
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that apply to the host system but which don't always apply to
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the LFS system). Doing a simple make clean or make distclean does not
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always guarantee a totally clean source tree.
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</para>
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<para>
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So, save yourself a lot of hassle and just remove the source directory
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immediately after you have installed it.
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</para>
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<para>
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There is one exception to that rule: don't remove the Linux kernel source
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tree. A lot of programs need the kernel headers, so that's the only
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directory that should not be removed, unless no package is to be compiled
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anymore.
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</para>
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</sect1>
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