mirror of
https://git.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs.git
synced 2025-01-18 21:17:38 +00:00
6e6641f9b7
This option makes ld use DT_RUNPATH instead of DT_RPATH. DT_RPATH is generally considered bad because it takes precedence over LD_LIBRARY_PATH. For example, eog is linked with -rpath /usr/lib/eog, and with DT_RPATH if an old eog is already installed we are basically impossible to debug a new eog build w/o overwriting the system installation first or explicitly using "ld.so --inhibit-rpath" to invoke it. This "new" actually means "new in 2000," it's 24 years ago and all other distros has enabled it. Thus I guess some unexplainable "test suite uses installed library instead of the just built one" issues in BLFS are actually caused by this difference: the package author just assumes everyone is using DT_RUNPATH thus they just set LD_LIBRARY_PATH and consider it enough to test with the just built libraries, but DT_RPATH breaks this expectation. Let's eliminate the difference as it seems not doing anything good and doing so just takes one switch.
455 lines
16 KiB
XML
455 lines
16 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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]>
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<sect1 id="ch-system-binutils" role="wrap">
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<?dbhtml filename="binutils.html"?>
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<sect1info condition="script">
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<productname>binutils</productname>
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<productnumber>&binutils-version;</productnumber>
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<address>&binutils-url;</address>
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</sect1info>
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<title>Binutils-&binutils-version;</title>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils">
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<primary sortas="a-Binutils">Binutils</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect2 role="package">
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<title/>
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<para>The Binutils package contains a linker, an assembler, and other
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tools for handling object files.</para>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>&binutils-fin-sbu;</seg>
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<seg>&binutils-fin-du;</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="installation">
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<title>Installation of Binutils</title>
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<para>The Binutils documentation recommends building Binutils
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in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
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cd build</userinput></screen>
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<para>Prepare Binutils for compilation:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
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--sysconfdir=/etc \
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--enable-gold \
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--enable-ld=default \
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--enable-plugins \
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--enable-shared \
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--disable-werror \
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--enable-64-bit-bfd \
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--enable-new-dtags \
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--with-system-zlib \
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--enable-default-hash-style=gnu</userinput></screen>
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<variablelist>
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<title>The meaning of the new configure parameters:</title>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--enable-gold</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Build the gold linker and install it as ld.gold (alongside the
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default linker).</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--enable-ld=default</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Build the original bfd linker and install it as both ld (the
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default linker) and ld.bfd.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--enable-plugins</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Enables plugin support for the linker.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>--with-system-zlib</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Use the installed zlib library instead of building the
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included version.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>Compile the package:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="make">make tooldir=/usr</userinput></screen>
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<variablelist>
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<title>The meaning of the make parameter:</title>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>tooldir=/usr</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Normally, the tooldir (the directory where the executables will
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ultimately be located) is set to <filename
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class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename>. For
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example, x86_64 machines would expand that to <filename
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class="directory">/usr/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu</filename>. Because this is
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a custom system, this target-specific directory in <filename
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class="directory">/usr</filename> is not required. <filename
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class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename> would be
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used if the system were used to cross-compile (for example, compiling a
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package on an Intel machine that generates code that can be executed
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on PowerPC machines).</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<important>
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<para>The test suite for Binutils in this section is considered critical.
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Do not skip it under any circumstances.</para>
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</important>
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<para>Test the results:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="test">make -k check</userinput></screen>
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<para>For a list of failed tests, run:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="test">grep '^FAIL:' $(find -name '*.log')</userinput></screen>
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<para>Twelve tests fail in the gold test suite when the
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<option>--enable-default-pie</option> and
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<option>--enable-default-ssp</option> options are passed to GCC.</para>
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<!-- <para>Three tests in the gprofng suite are also known to fail.</para>-->
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<para>Install the package:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">make tooldir=/usr install</userinput></screen>
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<para>Remove useless static libraries:</para>
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<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -fv /usr/lib/lib{bfd,ctf,ctf-nobfd,gprofng,opcodes,sframe}.a</userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="contents-binutils" role="content">
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<title>Contents of Binutils</title>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed directory</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>addr2line, ar, as, c++filt, dwp, elfedit, gprof, gprofng, ld, ld.bfd, ld.gold, nm,
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objcopy, objdump, ranlib, readelf, size, strings, and strip</seg>
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<seg>libbfd.so, libctf.so, libctf-nobfd.so, libgprofng.so,
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libopcodes.so, and libsframe.so</seg>
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<seg>/usr/lib/ldscripts</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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<variablelist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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<varlistentry id="addr2line">
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<term><command>addr2line</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Translates program addresses to file names and line numbers;
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given an address and the name of an executable, it uses the debugging
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information in the executable to determine which source file and line
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number are associated with the address</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils addr2line">
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<primary sortas="b-addr2line">addr2line</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="ar">
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<term><command>ar</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Creates, modifies, and extracts from archives</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ar">
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<primary sortas="b-ar">ar</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="as">
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<term><command>as</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>An assembler that assembles the output of <command>gcc</command>
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into object files</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils as">
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<primary sortas="b-as">as</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="c-filt">
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<term><command>c++filt</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Used by the linker to de-mangle C++ and Java symbols and to keep
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overloaded functions from clashing</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils c-filt">
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<primary sortas="b-c++filt">c++filt</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="dwp">
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<term><command>dwp</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The DWARF packaging utility</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils dwp">
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<primary sortas="dwp">dwp</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="elfedit">
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<term><command>elfedit</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Updates the ELF headers of ELF files</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils elfedit">
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<primary sortas="b-elfedit">elfedit</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="gprof">
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<term><command>gprof</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Displays call graph profile data</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils gprof">
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<primary sortas="b-gprof">gprof</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="gprofng">
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<term><command>gprofng</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Gathers and analyzes performance data</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils gprofng">
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<primary sortas="b-gprofng">gprofng</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="ld">
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<term><command>ld</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A linker that combines a number of object and archive files
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into a single file, relocating their data and tying up symbol
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references</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ld">
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<primary sortas="b-ld">ld</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="ld.gold">
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<term><command>ld.gold</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A cut down version of ld that only supports the
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elf object file format</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ld.gold">
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<primary sortas="b-ld.gold">ld.gold</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="ld.bfd">
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<term><command>ld.bfd</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A hard link to <command>ld</command></para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ld.bfd">
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<primary sortas="b-ld.bfd">ld.bfd</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="nm">
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<term><command>nm</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Lists the symbols occurring in a given object file</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils nm">
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<primary sortas="b-nm">nm</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="objcopy">
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<term><command>objcopy</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Translates one type of object file into another</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils objcopy">
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<primary sortas="b-objcopy">objcopy</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="objdump">
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<term><command>objdump</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Displays information about the given object file, with options
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controlling the particular information to display; the information
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shown is useful to programmers who are working on the compilation
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tools</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils objdump">
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<primary sortas="b-objdump">objdump</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="ranlib">
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<term><command>ranlib</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Generates an index of the contents of an archive and stores it
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in the archive; the index lists all of the symbols defined by archive
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members that are relocatable object files</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ranlib">
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<primary sortas="b-ranlib">ranlib</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="readelf">
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<term><command>readelf</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Displays information about ELF type binaries</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils readelf">
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<primary sortas="b-readelf">readelf</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="size">
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<term><command>size</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Lists the section sizes and the total size for the given
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object files</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils size">
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<primary sortas="b-size">size</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="strings">
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<term><command>strings</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Outputs, for each given file, the sequences of printable
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characters that are of at least the specified length (defaulting to
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four); for object files, it prints, by default, only the strings from
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the initializing and loading sections while for other types of files, it
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scans the entire file</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils strings">
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<primary sortas="b-strings">strings</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="strip">
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<term><command>strip</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Discards symbols from object files</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils strip">
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<primary sortas="b-strip">strip</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="libbfd">
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<term><filename class="libraryfile">libbfd</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The Binary File Descriptor library</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libbfd">
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<primary sortas="c-libbfd">libbfd</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="libctf">
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<term><filename class="libraryfile">libctf</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The Compat ANSI-C Type Format debugging support library</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libctf">
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<primary sortas="c-libctf">libctf</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="libctf-nobfd">
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<term><filename class="libraryfile">libctf-nobfd</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A libctf variant which does not use libbfd functionality</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libctf-nobfd">
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<primary sortas="c-libctf-nobfd">libctf-nobfd</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="libgprofng">
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<term><filename class="libraryfile">libgprofng</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A library containing most routines used by
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<command>gprofng</command></para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libgprofng">
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<primary sortas="c-libgprofng">libgprofng</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="libopcodes">
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<term><filename class="libraryfile">libopcodes</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A library for dealing with opcodes—the <quote>readable
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text</quote> versions of instructions for the processor;
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it is used for building utilities like
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<command>objdump</command></para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libopcodes">
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<primary sortas="c-libopcodes">libopcodes</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="libsframe">
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<term><filename class="libraryfile">libsframe</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A library to support online backtracing using a
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simple unwinder</para>
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<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libsframe">
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<primary sortas="c-libsframe">libsframe</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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