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Cleaning up the revision of chroot and reboot sections.
git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@3259 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ first a summary, then a detailed log.</para>
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<listitem><para>ncurses-5.4</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>ncurses-5.4</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist></listitem>
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</itemizedlist></listitem>
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<listitem><para>February 23rd, 2004 [alex]: Chapters 6 + 9 : Cleaned up the
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Revision of chroot and Reboot sections.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>February 22nd, 2004 [alex]: Moved the stripping of the final
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<listitem><para>February 22nd, 2004 [alex]: Moved the stripping of the final
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system from chapter 9 to the end of chapter 6.</para></listitem>
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system from chapter 9 to the end of chapter 6.</para></listitem>
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@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
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<sect1 id="ch-tools-util-linux">
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<title>Installing Util-linux-&util-linux-version;</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="util-linux.html" dir="chapter05"?>
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<screen>&buildtime; &util-linux-time-tools;
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&diskspace; &util-linux-compsize-tools;</screen>
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&aa-utillinux-down;
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&aa-utillinux-dep;
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<sect2><title> </title><para> </para></sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Installation of Util-linux</title>
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<para>Util-linux doesn't use the freshly installed headers and libraries from
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the <filename>/tools</filename> directory. This is fixed by altering the
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configure script:</para>
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<screen><userinput>cp configure configure.backup
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sed "s@/usr/include@/tools/include@g" configure.backup > configure</userinput></screen>
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<para>Prepare Util-linux for compilation:</para>
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<screen><userinput>./configure</userinput></screen>
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<para>Compile some support routines:</para>
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<screen><userinput>make -C lib</userinput></screen>
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<para>And, since you'll need only a couple of the utilities contained in this
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package, build just those:</para>
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<screen><userinput>make -C mount mount umount
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make -C text-utils more
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make -C sys-utils arch</userinput></screen>
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<para>Now copy these programs to the temporary tools directory:</para>
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<screen><userinput>cp mount/{,u}mount text-utils/more sys-utils/arch /tools/bin</userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2><title> </title><para> </para>
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<para>The details on this package are found in <xref linkend="contents-utillinux"/>.</para>
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<para> </para></sect2>
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</sect1>
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@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
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<sect1 id="ch-system-aboutdebug">
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<title>About debugging symbols</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="aboutdebug.html" dir="chapter06"?>
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<para>Most programs and libraries are, by default, compiled with debugging
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symbols included (with gcc option -g).</para>
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<para>When debugging a program or library that was compiled with debugging
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information included, the debugger can give you not only memory addresses
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but also the names of the routines and variables.</para>
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<para>But the inclusion of these debugging symbols enlarges a program or
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library significantly. To get an idea of the amount of space these symbols
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occupy, have a look at the following:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>a bash binary
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with debugging symbols: 1200 KB</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>a bash binary
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without debugging symbols: 480 KB</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Glibc and GCC files (/lib and /usr/lib)
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with debugging symbols: 87 MB</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Glibc and GCC files
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without debugging symbols: 16 MB</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>Sizes may vary a little, depending on which compiler was used and
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which C library. But when comparing programs with and without debugging
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symbols, the difference will generally be a factor between 2 and 5.</para>
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<para>As most people will probably never use a debugger on their system
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software, a lot of disk space can be regained by removing these symbols .</para>
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<para>To remove debugging symbols from a binary (which must be an a.out
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or ELF binary), run <command>strip --strip-debug filename</command>.
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Wildcards can be used to treat multiple files (use something like
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<userinput>strip --strip-debug $LFS/tools/bin/*</userinput>).</para>
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<para>For your convenience, <xref linkend="chapter-finalizing"/> includes one simple
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command to strip all debugging symbols from all programs and libraries on your
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system. Additional information on optimization can be found in the hint at
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<ulink url="&hints-root;optimization.txt"/>.</para>
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</sect1>
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@ -590,21 +590,39 @@ destroyed.</para>
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<sect1 id="ch-system-revisedchroot">
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<sect1 id="ch-system-revisedchroot">
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<title>Revised chroot command</title>
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<title>Cleaning up</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="revisedchroot.html" dir="chapter06"?>
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<?dbhtml filename="revisedchroot.html" dir="chapter06"?>
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<para>From now on when you exit the chroot environment and wish to reenter
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<para>From now on, when you exit the chroot environment and wish to reenter
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it, you should run the following modified chroot command:</para>
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it, you should use the following modified chroot command:</para>
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<screen><userinput>chroot $LFS /usr/bin/env -i \
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<screen><userinput>chroot $LFS /usr/bin/env -i \
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HOME=/root TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
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HOME=/root TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
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PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \
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PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \
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/bin/bash --login</userinput></screen>
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/bin/bash --login</userinput></screen>
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<para>The reason being there is no longer any need to use programs from the
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<para>The reason for this is that, since the programs in <filename
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<filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory. However, we don't
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class="directory">/tools</filename> are no longer needed, you may want to
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want to remove the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory
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delete the whole directory and regain the space. Before actually deleting the
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just yet. There is still some use for it towards the end of the book.</para>
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directory, exit from chroot and reenter it with the above command. Also, before
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removing <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>, you may want to tar it
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up and store it in a safe place, in case you want build another LFS system
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soon.</para>
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<note><para>Removing <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> will also
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remove the temporary copies of Tcl, Expect and DejaGnu, which were used for
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running the toolchain tests. If you want to use these programs later on, you
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will need to recompile and re-install them. The installation instructions are
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the same as in <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>, apart from changing
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the prefix from <emphasis>/tools</emphasis> to <emphasis>/usr</emphasis>. The
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BLFS book discusses a slightly different approach to installing Tcl, see <ulink
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url="&blfs-root;"/>.</para></note>
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<para>You may also want to move the packages and patches stored in <filename
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class="directory">/sources</filename> to a more usual location, such as
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<filename class="directory">/usr/src/packages</filename>, and remove the
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directory -- or simply delete the whole directory if you've burned its contents
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on a CD).</para>
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</sect1>
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</sect1>
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<title>Rebooting the system</title>
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<title>Rebooting the system</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="reboot.html" dir="chapter09"?>
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<?dbhtml filename="reboot.html" dir="chapter09"?>
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<para>Now that all of the software has been installed, it's time to exit the
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<para>Now that all of the software has been installed, it is time to reboot
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chroot environment and reboot the computer. Before we exit the chroot
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your computer. First exit from the chroot environment:</para>
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environment, let's unmount any mounted virtual file systems by running:</para>
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<screen><userinput>umount /proc
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umount /dev/pts</userinput></screen>
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<para>Exit the chroot environment:</para>
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<screen><userinput>logout</userinput></screen>
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<screen><userinput>logout</userinput></screen>
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<para>Additionally, now that all software has been installed, there is no longer
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<para>Then unmount the LFS file system:</para>
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a need for the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory. You may
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delete it. As this will also remove the temporary copies of Tcl, Expect and
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DejaGnu, which were used for running the toolchain tests, you will need to
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recompile and re-install them on your LFS system if you want to use these
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programs later.</para>
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<para>Also you may now want to move the contents of
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<filename class="directory">/sources</filename> to
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<filename class="directory">/usr/src/packages</filename> or something similar
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(or simply delete them if you've burned them on a CD) and delete the
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directory.</para>
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<para>Before we reboot, let's unmount the LFS partition itself:</para>
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<screen><userinput>umount $LFS</userinput></screen>
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<screen><userinput>umount $LFS</userinput></screen>
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@ -36,15 +18,14 @@ unmount the other partitions before you unmount $LFS, like this:</para>
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umount $LFS/home
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umount $LFS/home
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umount $LFS</userinput></screen>
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umount $LFS</userinput></screen>
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<para>And now you can reboot your system by running something like:</para>
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<para>Now reboot your system with:</para>
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<screen><userinput>/sbin/shutdown -r now</userinput></screen>
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<screen><userinput>shutdown -r now</userinput></screen>
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<para>Assuming the Grub boot loader was set up as outlined earlier, the
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<para>Assuming the Grub boot loader was set up as outlined earlier, the menu
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default menu should be set to boot <emphasis>LFS &milestone;</emphasis>
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is set to boot <emphasis>LFS &milestone;</emphasis> automatically.</para>
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automatically.</para>
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<para>After you have rebooted, your LFS system is ready for use and you
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<para>When the reboot is complete, your LFS system is ready for use and you
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can start adding your own software.</para>
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can start adding your own software.</para>
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</sect1>
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</sect1>
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@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
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<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
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<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
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"/usr/share/docbook/docbookx.dtd" [
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"/usr/share/docbook/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY version "CVS-2004-02-22">
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<!ENTITY version "CVS-2004-02-23">
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<!ENTITY releasedate "February 22nd, 2004">
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<!ENTITY releasedate "February 23rd, 2004">
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<!ENTITY milestone "5.2">
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<!ENTITY milestone "5.2">
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<!ENTITY nbsp " ">
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<!ENTITY nbsp " ">
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