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Add section on systemd customization
git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@10527 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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Bruce Dubbs
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@ -35,6 +35,15 @@
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</itemizedlist>
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</listitem>
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-->
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<listitem>
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<para>2014-04-07</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>[bdubbs] - Add section on systemd customization.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>2014-03-31</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
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<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="udev.xml"/>
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<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="symlinks.xml"/>
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<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="usage.xml"/>
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<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="sysd-custom.xml"/>
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<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="hostname.xml"/>
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<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="setclock.xml"/>
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<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="console.xml"/>
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@ -23,6 +23,9 @@
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equivalent settings in <filename>rc.site</filename>), the
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<command>console</command> bootscript will do nothing.</para>
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<sect2 id="ch-scripts-sysv-console">
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<title>Systemd V</title>
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<para>The <command>console</command> script reads the
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<filename>/etc/sysconfig/console</filename> file for configuration
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information. Decide which keymap and screen font will be used. Various
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@ -227,10 +230,96 @@ EOF</userinput></screen>
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<!-- Added because folks keep posting their console file with X questions
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to blfs-support list -->
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<note>
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<para>The <filename>/etc/sysconfig/console</filename> file only controls the Linux text console localization. It has nothing to do with setting the
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proper keyboard layout and terminal fonts in the X Window System, with ssh
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sessions or with a serial console. In such situations, limitations mentioned
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in the last two list items above do not apply.</para>
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<para>The <filename>/etc/sysconfig/console</filename> file only controls
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the Linux text console localization. It has nothing to do with setting
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the proper keyboard layout and terminal fonts in the X Window System, with
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ssh sessions or with a serial console. In such situations, limitations
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mentioned in the last two list items above do not apply.</para>
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</note>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="ch-scripts-systemd-console">
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<title>Systemd</title>
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<indexterm zone="ch-scripts-systemd-console">
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<primary sortas="d-console">systemd console</primary>
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<secondary>configuring</secondary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>This section discusses how to configure the
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<command>systemd-vconsole-setup</command> system service, which configures
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the virtual console font and console keymap.</para>
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<para>The <command>systemd-vconsole-setup</command> service reads the
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<filename>/etc/vconsole.conf</filename> file for configuration
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information. Decide which keymap and screen font will be used. Various
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language-specific HOWTOs can also help with this, see <ulink
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url="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/HOWTO-INDEX/other-lang.html"/>.
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Examine <command>localectl list-keymaps</command> output for a list of
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valid console keymaps. Look in
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<filename class="directory">/usr/share/consolefonts</filename>
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directory for valid screen fonts.</para>
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<para>The <filename>/etc/vconsole.conf</filename> file should contain lines
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of the form: VARIABLE="value". The following variables are recognized:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>KEYMAP</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This variable specifies the key mapping table for the keyboard. If
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unset, it defaults to <literal>us</literal>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>KEYMAP_TOGGLE</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This variable can be used to configure a second toggle keymap and
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is unset by default.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>FONT</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This variable specifies the font used by the virtual
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console.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>FONT_MAP</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This variable specifies the console map to be used.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>FONT_UNIMAP</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This variable specifies the unicode font map.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>An example for a German keyboard and console is given below:</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat > /etc/vconsole.conf << "EOF"
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<literal>KEYMAP=de-latin1
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FONT=Lat2-Terminus16</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>You can change KEYMAP value at runtime by using the
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<command>localectl</command> utility:</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput>localectl set-keymap MAP</userinput></screen>
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<note><para>Please note that <command>localectl</command> command can
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be used only on a system booted with Systemd.</para></note>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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@ -206,12 +206,12 @@ EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>To disable a previously enabled network interface
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card configuration at boot, run:</para>
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<screen><userinput>systemctl disable ifupdown@eth0</userinput></screen>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput>systemctl disable ifupdown@eth0</userinput></screen>
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<para>To manually start the network interface card configuration,
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run:</para>
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<screen><userinput>systemctl start ifupdown@eth0</userinput></screen>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput>systemctl start ifupdown@eth0</userinput></screen>
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<para>Replace eth0 with the correct network interface card
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name as described on the beginning of this page.</para>
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116
chapter07/sysd-custom.xml
Normal file
116
chapter07/sysd-custom.xml
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@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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]>
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<sect1 id="ch-scripts-sysd-custom">
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<?dbhtml filename="sysd-custom.html"?>
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<title>Systemd Customization</title>
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<indexterm zone="ch-scripts-sysd-custom">
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<primary sortas="e-Systemd">Systemd Customization</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect2>
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<title>Basic Configuration</title>
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<para>The <filename>/etc/systemd/system.conf</filename> file contains a set
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of items to control basic operations. The default file has all entries
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commented out with the default settings indicated. This file is where the
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log level may be changed as well as some basic journal settings.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Disabling Screen Clearing at Boot Time</title>
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<para>The normal behavior for systemd is to clear the secreen at
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the end of the boot sequence. If desired, this behavior may be
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changed by the following:</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty1.service.d
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cat > /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty1.service.d/noclear.conf << EOF
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[Service]
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TTYVTDisallocate=no
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>The boot messages can always be revied by using the
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<userinput>journalctl -b</userinput> command as the root user.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Disabling tmpfs for /tmp </title>
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<para>By default, <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename> is created as
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a tmpfs. If this is not desired, it can be overridden by the following:</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput>ln -s /dev/null /etc/systemd/system/tmp.mount</userinput></screen>
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<para>This is not necessary if there is a separate partition for /tmp
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specified in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Configuring Automatic File Creation and Deletion</title>
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<para>There are several services that create or delete files or
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directories:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>The system location for the configuration files is
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<filename>/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</filename>. The local
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configuration files are in <filename>/etc/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</filename>.
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Files in /etc/tmpfiles.d override files with the same name in
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/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d. See <userinput>man tmpfiles.d</userinput>
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for file format details.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Adding Custom Units and Services</title>
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<para>A custom service can be added by creating a directory and
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configuration file in <filename class="directory">/etc/systemd/system/</filename>.
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For example:</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/foobar.service.d
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cat > /etc/systemd/system/foobar.service.d/foobar.conf << EOF
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[Service]
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Restart=always
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RestartSec=30
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>See the man page for systemd.unit for more information. After
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creating the configuration file, run <userinput>systemctl
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daemon-reload</userinput> and <userinput>systemctl restart
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foobar</userinput> to activate a service or changes to a service.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Debugging the Boot Sequence</title>
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<para>There are several commands that can be used to help debug the systemd
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boot process. Here are some examples:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>systemctl list-units -t service [--all]</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>systemctl list-units -t target [--all]</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>systemctl show -p Wants multi-user.target</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>systemctl status sshd.service</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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<!ENTITY version "SVN-20140404">
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<!ENTITY releasedate "April 4, 2014">
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<!ENTITY version "SVN-20140407">
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<!ENTITY releasedate "April 7, 2014">
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<!ENTITY copyrightdate "1999-2014"><!-- jhalfs needs a literal dash, not – -->
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<!ENTITY milestone "8.0">
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<!ENTITY generic-version "development"> <!-- Use "development", "testing", or "x.y[-pre{x}]" -->
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