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systemd: Use NSS modules provided by systemd in nsswitch.conf
It allows a simplification to /etc/hosts. Also correct some info about FQDN in both sysv and systemd.
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Xi Ruoyao
parent
efd11134bb
commit
ba40e32566
@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true</userinput></scr
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<para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
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following:</para>
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<screen><userinput>cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"
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<screen revision='sysv'><userinput>cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"
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<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
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passwd: files
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@ -335,6 +335,24 @@ services: files
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ethers: files
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rpc: files
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# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<screen revision='systemd'><userinput>cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"
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<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
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passwd: files systemd
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group: files systemd
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shadow: files systemd
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hosts: mymachines resolve [!UNAVAIL=return] files myhostname dns
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networks: files
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protocols: files
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services: files
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ethers: files
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rpc: files
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# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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@ -178,9 +178,10 @@ EOF</userinput></screen>
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<secondary>/etc/hosts</secondary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>Decide on the IP address, fully-qualified domain name (FQDN), and
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possible aliases for use in the <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file. The
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syntax is:</para>
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<para>Decide on a fully-qualified domain name (FQDN), and possible aliases
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for use in the <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file. If using static IP
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addresses, you'll also need to decide on an IP address. The syntax
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for a hosts file entry is:</para>
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<screen><literal>IP_address myhost.example.org aliases</literal></screen>
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@ -197,11 +198,18 @@ EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>x can be any number in the range 16-31. y can be any number in the
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range 0-255.</para>
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<para>A valid private IP address could be 192.168.1.1. A valid FQDN for
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this IP could be lfs.example.org.</para>
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<para>A valid private IP address could be 192.168.1.1.</para>
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<para>Even if not using a network card, a valid FQDN is still required.
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This is necessary for certain programs to operate correctly.</para>
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<para>If the computer is to be visible to the Internet, a valid FQDN
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can be the domain name itself, or a string resulted by concatenating a
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prefix (often the hostname) and the domain name with a <quote>.</quote>
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character. And, you need to contact the domain provider to resolve the
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FQDN to your public IP address.</para>
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<para>Even if the computer is not visible to the Internet, a FQDN is
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still needed for certain programs, such as MTAs, to operate properly.
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A special FQDN, <literal>localhost.localdomain</literal>, can be used
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for this purpose.</para>
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<para>Create the <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file by running:</para>
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@ -316,27 +316,18 @@ EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>x can be any number in the range 16-31. y can be any number in the
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range 0-255.</para>
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<para>A valid private IP address could be 192.168.1.1. A valid FQDN for
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this IP could be lfs.example.org.</para>
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<para>A valid private IP address could be 192.168.1.1.</para>
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<para>Even if not using a network card, a valid FQDN is still required.
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This is necessary for certain programs, such as MTAs, to operate properly.</para>
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<para>If the computer is to be visible to the Internet, a valid FQDN
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can be the domain name itself, or a string resulted by concatenating a
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prefix (often the hostname) and the domain name with a <quote>.</quote>
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character. And, you need to contact the domain provider to resolve the
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FQDN to your public IP address.</para>
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<!--
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<para>Create the /etc/hosts file using the following command:</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat > /etc/hosts << "EOF"
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<literal># Begin /etc/hosts
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127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
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127.0.1.1 <replaceable><FQDN></replaceable> <replaceable><HOSTNAME></replaceable>
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::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
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ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
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ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
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# End /etc/hosts</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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-->
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<para>Even if the computer is not visible to the Internet, a FQDN is
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still needed for certain programs, such as MTAs, to operate properly.
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A special FQDN, <literal>localhost.localdomain</literal>, can be used
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for this purpose.</para>
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<para>Create the <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file using the following
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command:</para>
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@ -344,28 +335,32 @@ EOF</userinput></screen>
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<screen><userinput>cat > /etc/hosts << "EOF"
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<literal># Begin /etc/hosts
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127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
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127.0.1.1 <replaceable><FQDN></replaceable> <replaceable><HOSTNAME></replaceable>
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<replaceable><192.168.0.2></replaceable> <replaceable><FQDN></replaceable> <replaceable><HOSTNAME></replaceable> <replaceable>[alias1] [alias2] ...</replaceable>
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::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
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<replaceable><192.168.0.2></replaceable> <replaceable><FQDN></replaceable> <replaceable>[alias1] [alias2] ...</replaceable>
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::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
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ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
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ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
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# End /etc/hosts</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>The <replaceable><192.168.0.2></replaceable>,
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<replaceable><FQDN></replaceable>, and
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<replaceable><HOSTNAME></replaceable> values need to be
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<para>The <replaceable><192.168.0.2></replaceable> and
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<replaceable><FQDN></replaceable> values need to be
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changed for specific uses or requirements (if assigned an IP address by a
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network/system administrator and the machine will be connected to an
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existing network). The optional alias name(s) can be omitted, and the
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<replaceable><192.168.0.2></replaceable> line can be omitted if you
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are using a connection configured with DHCP or IPv6 Autoconfiguration.</para>
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are using a connection configured with DHCP or IPv6 Autoconfiguration,
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or using <literal>localhost.localdomain</literal> as the FQDN.</para>
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<para>The <filename>/etc/hostname</filename> does not contain entries
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for <literal>localhost</literal>,
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<literal>localhost.localdomain</literal>, or the hostname (without a
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domain) because they are handled by the
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<systemitem class='library'>myhostname</systemitem> NSS module, read
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the man page <filename>nss-myhostname(8)</filename> for details.</para>
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<para>The ::1 entry is the IPv6 counterpart of 127.0.0.1 and represents
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the IPv6 loopback interface. 127.0.1.1 is a loopback entry reserved
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specifically for the FQDN.</para>
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the IPv6 loopback interface.</para>
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</sect2>
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