git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@334 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
This commit is contained in:
Thomas Balu Walter 2001-03-18 19:30:50 +00:00
parent ab8b3526fa
commit 72033583eb
13 changed files with 62 additions and 57 deletions

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@ -9,15 +9,16 @@ option causes Bash to be linked statically
<para>
<userinput>--prefix=$LFS/usr:</userinput> This configure option installs
all of Bash's files under the $LFS/usr directory, which becomes the /usr
directory after you chroot into $LFS or when you reboot the system into LFS.
directory after the user chrooted into $LFS or when he rebooted
the system into LFS.
</para>
<para>
<userinput>--bindir=$LFS/bin:</userinput> This installs the executable
files in $LFS/bin. We do this because we want bash to be in /bin, not in
/usr/bin. One reason being: your /usr partition might be on a seperate
/usr/bin. One reason being: the /usr partition might be on a seperate
partition which has to be mounted at some point. Before that partition is
mounted you need and will want to have bash available (it will be hard to
mounted a user needs and will want to have bash available (it will be hard to
execute the boot scripts without a shell for instance).
</para>
@ -44,8 +45,9 @@ possible) as the original Bourne shell.
<para>
The <userinput>&amp;&amp;</userinput>'s at the end of every line cause
the next command only to be executed when the previous command exists
with a return value of 0 indicating success. In case you copy&amp;paste
all of these commands on the shell you want to be ensured that if
with a return value of 0 indicating success. In case all of these
commands are copy&amp;pasted
on the shell is is important to be ensured that if
./configure fails, make isn't being executed and likewise if make fails
that make install isn't being executed, and so forth.
</para>

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@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ Install Bash by running the following commands:
</literallayout></blockquote>
<para>
If you get errors when compiling bash that tell you about not being able to
find <quote>-lcurses</quote> run these two commands to create the
If a user gets errors when compiling bash that tell about not being able to
find <quote>-lcurses</quote> these two commands should be run to create the
missing symlink (so far we have not enountered one distribution that has
this libncurses symlink setup properly, except for LFS systems where it
is setup properly):
@ -34,8 +34,9 @@ is setup properly):
<para>
Note: Normally the libncurses.a file resides in the /usr/lib directory
but it might reside in /lib (like it does on LFS systems). So check to
make sure whether you should run the ln command in /usr/lib or in /lib
but it might reside in /lib (like it does on LFS systems). A user needs
to check to
make sure whether the ln command has to be run in /usr/lib or in /lib.
</para>
</sect2>

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@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ to the value -all-static causes binutils to be linked statically.
directory where the executables from binutils end up in) is set to
$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias) which expands into, for example,
/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu. Since we only build for our own system we don't
need this target specific directory in $LFS/usr. You would use that
setup if you use your system to cross-compile (for example you would
compile a package on your Intel machine that generates code that can be
need this target specific directory in $LFS/usr. That setup would be used
if the system is used to cross-compile (for example
compiling a package on the Intel machine that generates code that can be
executed on Apple PowerPC machines).
</para>

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@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ will be easier to link bzip2 statically.
<userinput>...Makefile | make -f -:</userinput> Makefile
is the last parameter of the sed command which indicates the file to
search and replace in. sed normally sends the modified file to stdout
(standard output) which will be your console. With the construction we
(standard output) which will be the console. With the construction we
use, sed's output will be piped to the make program. Normally when make
is started it tries to find a number of files like Makefile. But we have
modified the Makefile file so we don't want make to use it. The "-f -"
@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ and tell make with the -f parameter to read that alternate file.
<para>
<userinput>LDFLAGS=-static:</userinput> This is the second way we use to
link a package statically. This is also the most common way. As you'll
notice, the -all-static value is only used with the binutils package and
link a package statically. This is also the most common way.
The -all-static value is only used with the binutils package and
won't be used throughout the rest of this book.
</para>

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@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
<para>
<userinput>--enable-languages=c,c++:</userinput> This only builds the C
and C++ compilers and not the other available compilers as they are, on
the average, not often used. If you do need those other compilers don't
use the --enable-languages parameter.
the average, not often used. If those other compilers are needed
the --enable-languages parameter can be omitted..
</para>
<para>

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@ -2,8 +2,9 @@
<title>Installation of GCC</title>
<para>
After you unpacked the gcc-2.95.2.1 archive don't enter the newly created
gcc-2.95.2.1 directory but stay in the $LFS/usr/src directory. Install GCC by
After the gcc-2.95.2.1 archive was unpacked, the newly created
gcc-2.95.2.1 directory is not entered. The user should stay in the
$LFS/usr/src directory. GCC is installed by
running the following commands:
</para>

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@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
<title>Installation of Gzip</title>
<para>
Before you install Gzip you have to unpack the gzip patch file.
Before Gzip is installed the the gzip patch file needs to be unpacked.
</para>
<blockquote><literallayout>

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@ -2,21 +2,21 @@
<title>Install all software as user root</title>
<para>
It's best if you login as root or su to root when installing these
files. That way you are assured that all files are owned by user root,
group root (and not owned by the userid of your non-root user) and if a
It's best if the user logins as root or su's to root when installing these
files. That way he is assured that all files are owned by user root,
group root (and not owned by the userid of the non-root user) and if a
package wants to set special permissions it can do so without problems
due to non-root access.
</para>
<para>
If you read the documentation that comes with Glibc, Gcc and other
packages they recommend not to compile the packages as user root. We
The documentation that comes with Glibc, Gcc and other
packages recommend not to compile the packages as user root. We
feel it's safe to ignore that recommendation and compile as user root
anyways. Hundreds of people using LFS have done so without any problems
whatsoever and we haven't encountered any bugs in the compile processes
that cause harm. So it's pretty safe (never can be 100% safe though, so
it's up to you what you end up doing).
it's up to the user what he ends up doing).
</para>
</sect1>

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@ -3,17 +3,17 @@
<para>
In the following chapters we will install all the software that belongs to
a basic Linux system. After you're done with this chapter you have a
a basic Linux system. After a user is done with this chapter he has a
fully working Linux system. The remaining chapters deal with setting up
networking, creating the boot scripts and adding an entry to lilo.conf so
that you can boot your LFS system.
that the LFS system can be booted.
</para>
<para>
The software in this chapter will be linked statically. These programs
will be re-installed in the next chapter and linked dynamically. The
reason for the static version first is that there is a chance that our
normal Linux system and your LFS system aren't using the same C
normal Linux system and the LFS system aren't using the same C
Library versions. If the programs in the first part are linked against
an older C library version, those programs might not work well on the
LFS system.
@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ LFS system.
<para>
The key to learn what makes Linux tick is to know exactly what packages
are used for and why you or the system needs them. Descriptions
are used for and why a user or the system needs them. Descriptions
of the package content are provided after the Installation subsection of each
package and in Appendix A as well.
</para>
@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ packages will be, as previously explained, linked statically.
</para>
<para>
During the installation of various packages you will most likely see
compiler warnings scrolling by on your screen. These are normal and can
During the installation of various packages the user will most likely see
compiler warnings scrolling by on the screen. These are normal and can
be safely ignored. They are just that, warnings (mostly about improper
use of the C or C++ syntax, but not illegal use. It's just that often C
standards changed and packages still use the old standard which is not a
@ -41,8 +41,9 @@ problem).
</para>
<para>
Before we start, make sure you have the LFS environment variable setup
if you plan on using it, by running the following command:
Before we start, it should be made sure the LFS environment variable was
setup
if it was planned to be used, by running the following command:
</para>
<blockquote><literallayout>

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@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
<title>Part I - Introduction</title>
<para>
Part One gives you general information about this book (versions, where
Part One gives general information about this book (versions, where
to get it, changelog, mailing lists, and how to get in touch with me).
It also explains a few important aspects you really want and need to
read before you start building an LFS system.
It also explains a few important aspects a user really wants and needs to
read before starting to build an LFS system.
</para>
</sect2>

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@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
<title>Part II - Installation of the LFS system</title>
<para>
Part Two guides you through the installation of the LFS system which will
be the foundation for the rest of the system. Whatever you
choose to do with your brand new LFS system, it will be built on the
Part Two guides through the installation of the LFS system which will
be the foundation for the rest of the system. Whatever a user
chooses to do with his brand new LFS system, it will be built on the
foundation that's installed in this part.
</para>

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@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
<para>
Users who don't want to build an entire Linux system from scratch
probably don't want to read this book. If you, however, do want to learn
probably don't want to read this book. If a user, however, wants to learn
more about what happens behind the scenes, in particular what happens
between turning on your computer and seeing the command prompt, you want
between turning on the computer and seeing the command prompt, he wants
to read the <quote>From Power Up To Bash Prompt</quote> (P2B) HOWTO.
This HOWTO builds a bare system, in way similar to the one this book
uses, but it focusses more on just installing a bootable system instead
@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ of a complete system.
</para>
<para>
To decide whether you want to read this book or the P2B HOWTO, you could
ask yourself this question: "Is my main objective to get a working Linux
To decide whether to read this book or the P2B HOWTO, a user could
ask himself this question: "Is my main objective to get a working Linux
system that I'm going to build myself and, along the way, learn what
every component of a system is for, or is just the learning part my main
objective?" If you want to build and learn, read this book. If you just
want to learn, then the P2B HOWTO is probably better material to read.
objective?" If he wants to build and learn, he reads this book. If he just
wants to learn, then the P2B HOWTO is probably better material to read.
</para>
<para>

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@ -4,22 +4,22 @@
<para>
This book is intended for Linux users who want to setup their own
custom-built Linux system. Reasons for wanting to build such a system are
diverse. Perhaps you want to get into more detail as to what
happens behind the scenes. Perhaps you are fed up with distributions
which are often bloated or perhaps you don't want to rely on pre-compiled
binaries due to security concerns. There are many reasons why you may want
a custom-built system, but if you are one of them, this book is meant
for you.
diverse. Perhaps a user wants to get into more detail as to what
happens behind the scenes. Perhaps he is fed up with distributions
which are often bloated or perhaps he doesn't want to rely on pre-compiled
binaries due to security concerns. There are many reasons why a user may wants
a custom-built system, but if it is one of them, this book is meant
for him.
</para>
<para>
The fruits of building your own system are plentiful, but the labour may
be hard. You have a long way ahead of you but in the end you will be
able to call yourself the proud owner of your own Linux system,
completely tailored after your needs. You dictate the layout of
The fruits of building an own system are plentiful, but the labour may
be hard. It is a long way ahead but in the end a user will be
able to call himself the proud owner of his own Linux system,
completely tailored after his needs. He dictates the layout of
bootscripts, the file system hierarchy, which programs are installed in
which directory, which versions of software to use, and more. Perhaps the
most important reason is that you know exactly what is installed where,
most important reason is to know exactly what is installed where,
why, and how.
</para>