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Straighten out capitalization, correct a few grammatical errors,

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improve English idiom, clarify a few things, remove superfluous
verbiage, etc.
This commit is contained in:
David Bryant 2022-11-21 16:13:06 -06:00
parent 651f491b51
commit 54948b710c
5 changed files with 56 additions and 57 deletions
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12
chapter08/acl.xml
View File

@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
<title/>
<para>The Acl package contains utilities to administer Access Control Lists,
which are used to define more fine-grained discretionary access rights for
which are used to define fine-grained discretionary access rights for
files and directories.</para>
<segmentedlist>
@ -52,11 +52,11 @@
<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
<para>The Acl tests need to be run on a filesystem that supports access
controls after <application>Coreutils</application> has been built with the
Acl libraries. If desired, return to this package and run <command>make
check</command> after <application>Coreutils</application> has been built
later in this chapter.</para>
<para>The Acl tests must be run on a filesystem that supports access
controls, but not until the <application>Coreutils</application> package has been built,
using the <application>Acl</application> libraries. If desired, return to this package
and run <command>make check</command> after the <application>Coreutils</application>
package has been built.</para>
<para>Install the package:</para>

6
chapter08/attr.xml
View File

@ -23,8 +23,8 @@
<sect2 role="package">
<title/>
<para>The attr package contains utilities to administer the extended
attributes on filesystem objects.</para>
<para>The Attr package contains utilities to administer the extended
attributes of filesystem objects.</para>
<segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
<para>The tests need to be run on a filesystem that supports extended
<para>The tests must be run on a filesystem that supports extended
attributes such as the ext2, ext3, or ext4 filesystems.
To test the results, issue:</para>

8
chapter08/libcap.xml
View File

@ -23,9 +23,9 @@
<sect2 role="package">
<title/>
<para>The Libcap package implements the user-space interfaces to the POSIX
1003.1e capabilities available in Linux kernels. These capabilities are a
partitioning of the all powerful root privilege into a set of distinct
<para>The Libcap package implements the user-space interface to the POSIX
1003.1e capabilities available in Linux kernels. These capabilities
partition the all-powerful root privilege into a set of distinct
privileges.</para>
<segmentedlist>
@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
<varlistentry id="getpcaps">
<term><command>getpcaps</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Displays the capabilities on the queried process(es)</para>
<para>Displays the capabilities of the queried process(es)</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-libcap getpcaps">
<primary sortas="b-getpcaps">getpcaps</primary>
</indexterm>

2
chapter08/mpfr.xml
View File

@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ make html</userinput></screen>
Do not skip it under any circumstances.</para>
</important>
<para>Test the results and ensure that all tests passed:</para>
<para>Test the results and ensure that all 183 tests passed:</para>
<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>

85
chapter08/shadow.xml
View File

@ -66,16 +66,16 @@ find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/passwd\.5 / /' {} \;</userinput></s
the obsolete <filename class="directory">/var/spool/mail</filename> location
for user mailboxes that Shadow uses by default to the <filename
class="directory">/var/mail</filename> location used currently. And,
get rid of <filename class="directory">/bin</filename> and
<filename class="directory">/sbin</filename> from <envar>PATH</envar>,
since they are simply symlinks to their counterpart in
remove <filename class="directory">/bin</filename> and
<filename class="directory">/sbin</filename> from the <envar>PATH</envar>,
since they are simply symlinks to their counterparts in
<filename class="directory">/usr</filename>.</para>
<note>
<para>If <filename class="directory">/bin</filename> and/or
<filename class="directory">/sbin</filename> are preferred to be
left over in <envar>PATH</envar> for some reason, modify
<envar>PATH</envar> in <filename>.bashrc</filename> after LFS is
<para>If you wish to include <filename class="directory">/bin</filename>
and/or <filename class="directory">/sbin</filename> in the <envar>PATH</envar>
for some reason, modify the
<envar>PATH</envar> in <filename>.bashrc</filename> after LFS has been
built.</para>
</note>
@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/passwd\.5 / /' {} \;</userinput></s
-i etc/login.defs</userinput></screen>
<note>
<para>If you chose to build Shadow with Cracklib support, run the following:</para>
<para>If you chose to build Shadow with Cracklib support, issue this command:</para>
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>sed -i 's:DICTPATH.*:DICTPATH\t/lib/cracklib/pw_dict:' etc/login.defs</userinput></screen>
</note>
@ -108,21 +108,22 @@ find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/passwd\.5 / /' {} \;</userinput></s
--with-group-name-max-length=32</userinput></screen>
<variablelist>
<title>The meaning of the configure option:</title>
<title>The meaning of the new configuration options:</title>
<varlistentry>
<term><command>touch /usr/bin/passwd</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>The file <filename>/usr/bin/passwd</filename> needs
to exist because its location is hardcoded in some programs, and
if it does not exist, the default location is not right.</para>
to exist because its location is hardcoded in some programs;
if it does not already exist, the installation script will
create it in the wrong place.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>--with-group-name-max-length=32</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>The maximum user name is 32 characters. Make the maximum
group name the same.</para>
<para>The longest permissible user name is 32 characters. Make the maximum
length of a group name the same.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@ -153,9 +154,9 @@ make -C man install-man</userinput></screen>
groups; set and change their passwords; and perform other administrative
tasks. For a full explanation of what <emphasis>password shadowing</emphasis>
means, see the <filename>doc/HOWTO</filename> file within the unpacked
source tree. If using Shadow support, keep in mind that programs which need
source tree. If you use Shadow support, keep in mind that programs which need
to verify passwords (display managers, FTP programs, pop3 daemons, etc.)
must be Shadow-compliant. That is, they need to be able to work with
must be Shadow-compliant. That is, they must be able to work with
shadowed passwords.</para>
<para>To enable shadowed passwords, run the following command:</para>
@ -167,44 +168,44 @@ make -C man install-man</userinput></screen>
<screen><userinput>grpconv</userinput></screen>
<para>Shadow's default configuration for the <command>useradd</command>
utility has a few caveats that need some explanation. First, the default
utility needs some explanation. First, the default
action for the <command>useradd</command> utility is to create the user and
a group of the same name as the user. By default the user ID (UID) and
group ID (GID) numbers will begin with 1000. This means if you don't pass
parameters to <command>useradd</command>, each user will be a member of a
a group with the same name as the user. By default the user ID (UID) and
group ID (GID) numbers will begin at 1000. This means if you don't pass
extra parameters to <command>useradd</command>, each user will be a member of a
unique group on the system. If this behavior is undesirable, you'll need
to pass one of the <parameter>-g</parameter> or <parameter>-N</parameter>
parameter to <command>useradd</command> or to change the setting of
to pass either the <parameter>-g</parameter> or <parameter>-N</parameter>
parameter to <command>useradd</command>, or else change the setting of
<parameter>USERGROUPS_ENAB</parameter> in
<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>. See <filename>useradd(8)</filename>
for more information.</para>
<para>Second, to change the default parameters, the file
<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> needs to be created and tailored
<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> must be created and tailored
to suit your particular needs. Create it with:</para>
<screen><userinput>mkdir -p /etc/default
useradd -D --gid 999</userinput></screen>
<variablelist>
<title><filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> Parameter Explanations</title>
<title><filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> parameter explanations</title>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>GROUP=999</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>This parameter sets the beginning of the group numbers used in
the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file. The particular value 999
comes from the <parameter>--gid</parameter> parameter above. You can
modify it to anything you desire.
comes from the <parameter>--gid</parameter> parameter above. You
may set it to any desired value.
Note that <command>useradd</command> will never reuse a UID or GID.
If the number identified in this parameter is used, it will use the
next available number. Note also that if you don't have a group with
an ID equal to this number on your system the first time you use
an ID equal to this number on your system, then the first time you use
<command>useradd</command> without the <parameter>-g</parameter>
parameter, you will get a message displayed on the terminal that
says: <computeroutput>useradd: unknown GID 999</computeroutput>,
although the account is correctly created. That is why we have
parameter, an error message will be generated&mdash;<computeroutput>useradd:
unknown GID 999</computeroutput>,
even though the account has been created correctly. That is why we
created the group <systemitem class="groupname">users</systemitem>
with this group ID in <xref linkend='ch-tools-createfiles'/>.</para>
@ -214,12 +215,11 @@ useradd -D --gid 999</userinput></screen>
<term><parameter>CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=yes</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>This parameter causes <command>useradd</command> to create a
mailbox file for the newly created user. <command>useradd</command>
will make the group ownership of this file to the
mailbox file for each new user. <command>useradd</command>
will assign the group ownership of this file to the
<systemitem class="groupname">mail</systemitem> group with 0660
permissions. If you would prefer that these mailbox files are not
created by <command>useradd</command>, issue the following
command:</para>
permissions. If you would rather not create these files,
issue the following command:</para>
<screen><userinput>sed -i '/MAIL/s/yes/no/' /etc/default/useradd</userinput></screen>
</listitem>
@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ useradd -D --gid 999</userinput></screen>
</sect2>
<sect2 role="configuration">
<title>Setting the root password</title>
<title>Setting the Root Password</title>
<para>Choose a password for user <emphasis>root</emphasis> and set it
by running:</para>
@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ useradd -D --gid 999</userinput></screen>
<term><command>faillog</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Is used to examine the log of login failures, to set a maximum
number of failures before an account is blocked, or to reset the
number of failures before an account is blocked, and to reset the
failure count</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow faillog">
<primary sortas="b-faillog">faillog</primary>
@ -509,9 +509,8 @@ useradd -D --gid 999</userinput></screen>
<varlistentry id="nologin">
<term><command>nologin</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Displays a message that an account is not available; it is designed
to be used as the default shell for accounts that have been
disabled</para>
<para>Displays a message saying an account is not available; it is designed
to be used as the default shell for disabled accounts</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow nologin">
<primary sortas="b-nologin">nologin</primary>
</indexterm>
@ -597,7 +596,7 @@ useradd -D --gid 999</userinput></screen>
<varlistentry id="userdel">
<term><command>userdel</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Deletes the given user account</para>
<para>Deletes the specified user account</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow userdel">
<primary sortas="b-userdel">userdel</primary>
</indexterm>
@ -607,8 +606,8 @@ useradd -D --gid 999</userinput></screen>
<varlistentry id="usermod">
<term><command>usermod</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Is used to modify the given user's login name, User
Identification (UID), shell, initial group, home directory, etc.</para>
<para>Is used to modify the given user's login name, user
identification (UID), shell, initial group, home directory, etc.</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow usermod">
<primary sortas="b-usermod">usermod</primary>
</indexterm>
@ -640,7 +639,7 @@ useradd -D --gid 999</userinput></screen>
<varlistentry id="libsubid">
<term><filename class='libraryfile'>libsubid</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>library for process subordinate id ranges for users</para>
<para>library for processing subordinate id ranges for users</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow libsubid">
<primary sortas="c-libsubid">libsubid</primary>
</indexterm>