git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@336 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
This commit is contained in:
Thomas Balu Walter 2001-03-19 14:30:14 +00:00
parent 137bd506ad
commit 53b5ccf173
17 changed files with 60 additions and 54 deletions

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<title>Creating the checkfs script</title> <title>Creating the checkfs script</title>
<para> <para>
Create a new file <filename>/etc/init.d/checkfs</filename> containing A new file <filename>/etc/init.d/checkfs</filename> is created containing
the following: the following:
</para> </para>

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<para> <para>
We need to start by creating a few extra directories that are used by We need to start by creating a few extra directories that are used by
the boot scripts. Create these directories by running: the boot scripts. These directories are created by running:
</para> </para>
<blockquote><literallayout> <blockquote><literallayout>

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<para> <para>
In order for certain programs to be able to determine where certain In order for certain programs to be able to determine where certain
partitions are supposed to be mounted by default, the /etc/fstab file is partitions are supposed to be mounted by default, the /etc/fstab file is
used. Create a new file <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> containing the used. A new file <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> is created containing the
following: following:
</para> </para>
@ -23,8 +23,9 @@ proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
</literallayout> </literallayout>
<para> <para>
Replace &lt;LFS-partition designation&gt;, &lt;swap-partition &lt;LFS-partition designation&gt;, &lt;swap-partition
designation&gt; and &lt;fs-type&gt; with the appropriate values designation&gt; and &lt;fs-type&gt; have to be replaced with the appropriate
values
(/dev/hda2, /dev/hda5 and reiserfs for example). (/dev/hda2, /dev/hda5 and reiserfs for example).
</para> </para>

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<title>Creating the functions script</title> <title>Creating the functions script</title>
<para> <para>
Create a new file <filename>/etc/init.d/functions</filename> containing A new file <filename>/etc/init.d/functions</filename> is created containing
the following: the following:
</para> </para>

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<title>Creating the halt script</title> <title>Creating the halt script</title>
<para> <para>
Create a new file <filename>/etc/init.d/halt</filename> containing the A new file <filename>/etc/init.d/halt</filename> is created containing the
following: following:
</para> </para>

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<title>Creating the loadkeys script</title> <title>Creating the loadkeys script</title>
<para> <para>
You only need to create this script if you don't have a default 101 keys A user only needs to create this script if he don't have a default 101 keys
US keyboard layout. Create a new file US keyboard layout. A new file
<filename>/etc/init.d/loadkeys</filename> containing the following: <filename>/etc/init.d/loadkeys</filename> containing the following has to be
created:
</para> </para>
<literallayout> <literallayout>

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<title>Creating the mountfs script</title> <title>Creating the mountfs script</title>
<para> <para>
Create a new file <filename>/etc/init.d/mountfs</filename> containing A new file <filename>/etc/init.d/mountfs</filename> is created containing
the following: the following:
</para> </para>

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<para> <para>
The first main bootscript is the <filename>/etc/init.d/rc</filename> script. The first main bootscript is the <filename>/etc/init.d/rc</filename> script.
Create a new file <filename>/etc/init.d/rc</filename> containing the A new file <filename>/etc/init.d/rc</filename> is created containing the
following: </para> following: </para>
<literallayout> <literallayout>

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<title>Creating the setclock script</title> <title>Creating the setclock script</title>
<para> <para>
The following script is only for real use when your hardware clock (also The following script is only for real use when the hardware clock (also
known as BIOS or CMOS clock) isn't set to GMT time. The recommended known as BIOS or CMOS clock) isn't set to GMT time. The recommended
setup is setting your hardware clock to GMT and have the time converted setup is setting the hardware clock to GMT and having the time converted
to localtime using the /etc/localtime symbolic link. But if you run an to localtime using the /etc/localtime symbolic link. But if an
OS that doesn't understand a clock set to GMT (most notable are OS is run that doesn't understand a clock set to GMT (most notable are
Microsoft OS'es) you might want to set your clock to localtime so that Microsoft OS'es) a user might want to set the clock to localtime so that
the time is properly displayed on those OS'es. This script will reset the time is properly displayed on those OS'es. This script will reset
the kernel time to the hardware clock without converting the time using the kernel time to the hardware clock without converting the time using
the /etc/localtime symlink. the /etc/localtime symlink.
</para> </para>
<para> <para>
If you want to use this script on your system even if you have your If a user wants to use this script on the system even if the
hardware clock set to GMT, then change the UTC variable below to the hardware clock is set to GMT, then the UTC variable below has to be changed
to the
value of <emphasis>1</emphasis>. value of <emphasis>1</emphasis>.
</para> </para>
@ -82,8 +83,9 @@ UTC=1
</literallayout> </literallayout>
<para> <para>
If your hardware clock (also known as BIOS or CMOS clock) is not set to If the hardware clock (also known as BIOS or CMOS clock) is not set to
GMT time, than set the UTC variable in the /etc/sysconfig/clock file to GMT time, then the UTC variable in the /etc/sysconfig/clock file needs to be
set to
the value <emphasis>0</emphasis> (zero). the value <emphasis>0</emphasis> (zero).
</para> </para>

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<title>Setting up symlinks and permissions</title> <title>Setting up symlinks and permissions</title>
<para> <para>
Give these files the proper permissions and create the necessary symlinks These files get the proper permissions and the necessary symlinks are created
by running the following commands. If you did not create the loadkeys by running the following commands. If a user did not create the loadkeys
and setclock scripts, make sure you don't type them in the commands and setclock scripts, he has to make sure not to type them in the commands
below. below.
</para> </para>

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<title>Creating the sysklogd script</title> <title>Creating the sysklogd script</title>
<para> <para>
Create a new file <filename>/etc/init.d/sysklogd</filename> containing A new file <filename>/etc/init.d/sysklogd</filename> is created containing
the following: the following:
</para> </para>

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<title>Creating the template script</title> <title>Creating the template script</title>
<para> <para>
Create a new file <filename>/etc/init.d/template</filename> containing A new file <filename>/etc/init.d/template</filename> is created containing
the following: the following:
</para> </para>

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<para> <para>
Linux uses a special booting facility named SysVinit. It's based on a Linux uses a special booting facility named SysVinit. It's based on a
concept of <emphasis>runlevels</emphasis>. It can be widely different concept of <emphasis>runlevels</emphasis>. It can be widely different
from one system to another, so don't assume that because things from one system to another, so it can not be assumed that because things
worked in &lt;insert distro name&gt; they should work like that in LFS worked in &lt;insert distro name&gt; they should work like that in LFS
too. LFS has it's own way of doing things, but it respects generally too. LFS has it's own way of doing things, but it respects generally
accepted standards. accepted standards.
@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ accepted standards.
SysVinit (which we'll call <emphasis>init</emphasis> from now on) works SysVinit (which we'll call <emphasis>init</emphasis> from now on) works
using a runlevels scheme. There are 7 (from 0 to 6) runlevels using a runlevels scheme. There are 7 (from 0 to 6) runlevels
(actually, there are more runlevels but they are for special cases and (actually, there are more runlevels but they are for special cases and
generally not used. Read the init man page for those details), and each generally not used. The init man page describes those details), and each
one of those corresponds to the things you want your computer to do when one of those corresponds to the things the computer is supposed to do when
it starts up. The default runlevel is 3. Here are the descriptions of the it starts up. The default runlevel is 3. Here are the descriptions of the
different runlevels as they are often implemented: different runlevels as they are often implemented:
</para> </para>
@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ different runlevels as they are often implemented:
<para> <para>
The command used to change runlevels is <userinput>init The command used to change runlevels is <userinput>init
&lt;runlevel&gt;</userinput> where &lt;runlevel&gt; is &lt;runlevel&gt;</userinput> where &lt;runlevel&gt; is
the target runlevel. For example, to reboot the computer, you'd issue the target runlevel. For example, to reboot the computer, a user would issue
the init 6 command. The reboot command is just an alias, as is the halt the init 6 command. The reboot command is just an alias, as is the halt
command an alias to init 0. command an alias to init 0.
</para> </para>
@ -46,8 +46,9 @@ before any runlevel is executed and runs the scripts listed in
<para> <para>
There are a number of directories under /etc that look like like rc?.d There are a number of directories under /etc that look like like rc?.d
where ? is the number of the runlevel and rcS.d. Take a look at one of where ? is the number of the runlevel and rcS.d. A user might take a look
them (after you finish this chapter that is, right now there's nothing at one of
them (after this chapter is finished, right now there's nothing
there yet). There are a number of symbolic links. Some begin with an K, there yet). There are a number of symbolic links. Some begin with an K,
the others begin with an S, and all of them have three numbers following the others begin with an S, and all of them have three numbers following
the initial letter. The K means to stop (kill) a service, and the S means the initial letter. The K means to stop (kill) a service, and the S means
@ -87,22 +88,22 @@ These are descriptions of what the arguments make the scripts do:
<listitem><para> <listitem><para>
<emphasis>reload</emphasis>: The configuration of the service is updated. <emphasis>reload</emphasis>: The configuration of the service is updated.
Use this after you have modified the configuration file of a service, when This is used after the configuration file of a service was modified, when
you don't need/want to restart the service. the service doesn't need to be restarted.
</para></listitem> </para></listitem>
<listitem><para> <listitem><para>
<emphasis>status</emphasis>: Tells you if the service is running and with <emphasis>status</emphasis>: Tells if the service is running and with
which PID's. which PID's.
</para></listitem> </para></listitem>
</itemizedlist> </itemizedlist>
<para> <para>
Feel free to modify the way the boot process works (after all it's your Feel free to modify the way the boot process works (after all it's the users
LFS system, not ours). The files here are just an example of how you LFS system, not ours). The files here are just an example of how it can be
can do it in a nice way (well what we consider nice anyway. You may done
hate it). in a nice way (well what we consider nice anyway. A user may hate it).
</para> </para>
</sect1> </sect1>

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<para> <para>
This chapter will make LFS bootable. This chapter deals with building a This chapter will make LFS bootable. This chapter deals with building a
new kernel for our new LFS system and adding the proper entries to LILO new kernel for the new LFS system and adding the proper entries to LILO
so that you can select to boot the LFS system at the LILO: prompt. so that the LFS system can be selected for booting at the LILO: prompt.
</para> </para>
</sect1> </sect1>

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@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ the most recent kernel sources available.
<para> <para>
Building the kernel involves a few steps: configuring it and compiling Building the kernel involves a few steps: configuring it and compiling
it. There are a few ways to configure the kernel. If you don't like the it. There are a few ways to configure the kernel. If a user doesn't like the
way this book does it, read the <filename>README</filename> file and find out way this book does it, he should read the <filename>README</filename>
what your other options are. Run the following commands to build the file and find out
what the other options are. The following commands are run to build the
kernel: kernel:
</para> </para>

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<para> <para>
In order to being able to boot from this partition, we need to update our In order to being able to boot from this partition, we need to update our
/etc/lilo.conf file. Add the following lines to lilo.conf by running: /etc/lilo.conf file. The following lines get added to lilo.conf by running:
</para> </para>
<literallayout> <literallayout>
@ -18,12 +18,12 @@ image=/boot/lfskernel
</literallayout> </literallayout>
<para> <para>
&lt;partition&gt; must be replaced by your partition's designation (which &lt;partition&gt; must be replaced by the partition's designation (which
would be /dev/hda5 in my case). would be /dev/hda5 in my case).
</para> </para>
<para> <para>
Now update the boot loader by running: Now the boot loader gets updated by running:
</para> </para>
<blockquote><literallayout> <blockquote><literallayout>

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<para> <para>
Now that all software has been installed, bootscripts have been created, Now that all software has been installed, bootscripts have been created,
it's time for you to reboot your computer. Shutdown your system with it's time to reboot the computer. The system is shutdown with
shutdown -r now and reboot into LFS. After the reboot you will have a normal shutdown -r now and rebooted into LFS. After the reboot a normal
login prompt like you have on your normal Linux system (unless you use XDM or login prompt like on the normal Linux system comes up (unless XDM or
some sort of other Display Manger (like KDM - KDE's version of XDM). some sort of other Display Manger is used (like KDM - KDE's version of XDM)).
</para> </para>
<para> <para>
One thing remains to be done and that's setting up networking. After you One thing remains to be done and that's setting up networking. After having
rebooted and finished the next chapter of this book your LFS system is rebooted and finished the next chapter of this book the LFS system is
ready for use and you can do with it whatever you want. ready for use and can be used to do with it whatever is wanted.
</para> </para>
</sect1> </sect1>