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Add a discussion about disk partitioning

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git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@9189 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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Bruce Dubbs 2010-02-18 02:19:31 +00:00
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chapter01/changelog.xml
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<listitem>
<para>2010-02-17</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>[bdubbs] Add a discussion about disk partitioning.
Fixes <ulink url="&lfs-ticket-root;2582">#2582</ulink>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>[bdubbs] Ensure that GDBM is added to the info 'dir' file.
Thanks to Randy McMurchy for the fix.

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chapter02/creatingpartition.xml
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class="filesystem">swap</systemitem> partition. These names will be
needed later for the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file.</para>
<sect2>
<title>Other Partition Issues</title>
<para>Requests for advice on system partitioning are often posted on the LFS mailing
lists. This is a highly subjective topic. The default size for most distributions
is to use the entire drive with the exception of one small swap partition. This
is not optimal for LFS for several reasons. It reduces flexibility, makes
sharing of data across multiple distributions or LFS builds more difficult, makes
backups more time consuming, and can waste disk space through inefficient
allocation of file system structures.</para>
<sect3>
<title>The Root Partition</title>
<para>A root LFS partition (not to be confused with the /root directory) of
ten gigabytes is a good compromise for most systems. It provides enough
space to build LFS and most of BLFS, but is small enough so that multiple
partitions can be easily created for experimentation.</para> </sect3>
<sect3>
<title>The Swap Partition</title>
<para>Most distributions automatically create a swap partition. Generally
the recommneded size of the swap partition is about twice the amount of
physical RAM, however this is rarely needed. If disk space is limited,
hold the swap partition to two gigabytes and monitor the amount of disk
swapping.</para>
<para>Swapping is never good. Generally you can tell if a system is
swapping by just listening to disk activity and observing how the system
reacts to commands. The first reaction to swapping shouuld be to check for
an unresonable command such as trying to edit a five gigabyte file. If
swapping becomes a normal occurance, the best solution is to purchase more
RAM for your system.</para> </sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Convenience Partitions</title>
<para>There are several other partitions that are not required, but should
be considered when designing a disk layout, The following list
is not comprehensive, but is meant as a guide.</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>/boot &ndash; Highly recommended. Use this partition to
store kernels and other booting information. To minimize potential boot
problems with larger disks, make this the first physical partition on
your first disk drive. A partition size of 100 megabytes is quite
adequate.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>/home &ndash; Highly recommended. Share your home
directory and user customization across multiple distributions or LFS
builds. The size is generally fairly large and depends on available disk
space.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>/usr &ndash; A separate /usr partition is generally used
if providing a server for a thin client or diskless workstation. It is
normally not needed for LFS. A size of five gigabytes will handle most
installations.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>/opt &ndash; This directory is most useful for
BLFS where multiple installations of large packages like Gnome or KDE can
be installed without embedding the files in the /usr hierarchy. If
used, five to ten gigabytes is generally adequate.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>/tmp &ndash; A separate /tmp directory is rare, but
useful if coufiguring a thin client. This partition, if used, will
usually not need to exceed a couple of gigabytes.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>/usr/src &ndash; This partition is very
useful for providing a location to store BLFS source files and
share them across LFS builds. It can also be used as a location
for building BLFS packages. A reasonably large partition of 30-50
gigabytes allows plenty of room.</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>Any separate partition that you want automatically mounted upon boot
needs to be specified in the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. Details
about how to specify partitions will be discussed in <xref
linkend="ch-bootable-fstab"/>. </para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>