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Indenting chapter 6, part 9

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206
chapter06/perl.xml
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@ -1,28 +1,44 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
%general-entities; %general-entities;
]> ]>
<sect1 id="ch-system-perl" role="wrap"> <sect1 id="ch-system-perl" role="wrap">
<title>Perl-&perl-version;</title>
<?dbhtml filename="perl.html"?> <?dbhtml filename="perl.html"?>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl"><primary sortas="a-Perl">Perl</primary></indexterm> <title>Perl-&perl-version;</title>
<sect2 role="package"><title/> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl">
<para>The Perl package contains the Practical Extraction and Report Language.</para> <primary sortas="a-Perl">Perl</primary>
</indexterm>
<sect2 role="package">
<title/>
<para>The Perl package contains the Practical Extraction and Report
Language.</para>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle> <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>2.9 SBU</seg><seg>137 MB</seg></seglistitem>
<seglistitem>
<seg>2.9 SBU</seg>
<seg>137 MB</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle> <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Berkeley DB, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils,
Gawk, GCC, Glibc, Grep, Make, and Sed</seg></seglistitem> <seglistitem>
<seg>Bash, Berkeley DB, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, Gawk, GCC,
Glibc, Grep, Make, and Sed</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
</sect2> </sect2>
<sect2 role="installation"> <sect2 role="installation">
@ -52,15 +68,17 @@ prepare Perl for compilation with:</para>
<screen><userinput>./configure.gnu --prefix=/usr -Dpager="/usr/bin/less -isR"</userinput></screen> <screen><userinput>./configure.gnu --prefix=/usr -Dpager="/usr/bin/less -isR"</userinput></screen>
<para>The meaning of the configure options:</para>
<variablelist> <variablelist>
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
<varlistentry> <varlistentry>
<term><parameter>-Dpager="/usr/bin/less -isR"</parameter></term> <term><parameter>-Dpager="/usr/bin/less -isR"</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>This corrects an error in the way that <listitem>
<command>perldoc</command> invokes the <command>less</command> program.</para> <para>This corrects an error in the way that <command>perldoc</command>
invokes the <command>less</command> program.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
</variablelist> </variablelist>
<para>Compile the package:</para> <para>Compile the package:</para>
@ -77,21 +95,25 @@ prepare Perl for compilation with:</para>
</sect2> </sect2>
<sect2 id="contents-perl" role="content">
<sect2 id="contents-perl" role="content"><title>Contents of Perl</title> <title>Contents of Perl</title>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle> <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle> <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>a2p, c2ph, dprofpp, enc2xs,
find2perl, h2ph, h2xs, libnetcfg, perl, perl&perl-version; (link to perl), <seglistitem>
perlbug, perlcc, perldoc, perlivp, piconv, pl2pm, pod2html, pod2latex, pod2man, <seg>a2p, c2ph, dprofpp, enc2xs, find2perl, h2ph, h2xs, libnetcfg, perl,
pod2text, pod2usage, podchecker, podselect, psed (link to s2p), pstruct (link perl&perl-version; (link to perl), perlbug, perlcc, perldoc, perlivp,
to c2ph), s2p, splain, and xsubpp</seg> piconv, pl2pm, pod2html, pod2latex, pod2man, pod2text, pod2usage,
<seg>Several hundred which cannot all be listed here</seg></seglistitem> podchecker, podselect, psed (link to s2p), pstruct (link to c2ph), s2p,
splain, and xsubpp</seg>
<seg>Several hundred which cannot all be listed here</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> <variablelist>
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
@ -99,15 +121,20 @@ to c2ph), s2p, splain, and xsubpp</seg>
<term><command>a2p</command></term> <term><command>a2p</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Translates awk to Perl</para> <para>Translates awk to Perl</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl a2p"><primary sortas="b-a2p">a2p</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl a2p">
<primary sortas="b-a2p">a2p</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="c2ph"> <varlistentry id="c2ph">
<term><command>c2ph</command></term> <term><command>c2ph</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Dumps C structures as generated from <command>cc -g -S</command></para> <para>Dumps C structures as generated from
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl c2ph"><primary sortas="b-c2ph">c2ph</primary></indexterm> <command>cc -g -S</command></para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl c2ph">
<primary sortas="b-c2ph">c2ph</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -115,7 +142,9 @@ to c2ph), s2p, splain, and xsubpp</seg>
<term><command>dprofpp</command></term> <term><command>dprofpp</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Displays Perl profile data</para> <para>Displays Perl profile data</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl dprofpp"><primary sortas="b-dprofpp">dprofpp</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl dprofpp">
<primary sortas="b-dprofpp">dprofpp</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -124,7 +153,9 @@ to c2ph), s2p, splain, and xsubpp</seg>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Builds a Perl extension for the Encode module from either <para>Builds a Perl extension for the Encode module from either
Unicode Character Mappings or Tcl Encoding Files</para> Unicode Character Mappings or Tcl Encoding Files</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl en2cxs"><primary sortas="b-en2cxs">en2cxs</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl en2cxs">
<primary sortas="b-en2cxs">en2cxs</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -132,32 +163,43 @@ Unicode Character Mappings or Tcl Encoding Files</para>
<term><command>find2perl</command></term> <term><command>find2perl</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Translates <command>find</command> commands to Perl</para> <para>Translates <command>find</command> commands to Perl</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl find2perl"><primary sortas="b-find2perl">find2perl</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl find2perl">
<primary sortas="b-find2perl">find2perl</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="h2ph"> <varlistentry id="h2ph">
<term><command>h2ph</command></term> <term><command>h2ph</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Converts <filename class="extension">.h</filename> C header files to <para>Converts <filename class="extension">.h</filename> C header
<filename class="extension">.ph</filename> Perl header files</para> files to <filename class="extension">.ph</filename> Perl header
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl h2ph"><primary sortas="b-h2ph">h2ph</primary></indexterm> files</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl h2ph">
<primary sortas="b-h2ph">h2ph</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="h2xs"> <varlistentry id="h2xs">
<term><command>h2xs</command></term> <term><command>h2xs</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Converts <filename class="extension">.h</filename> C header files to Perl extensions</para> <para>Converts <filename class="extension">.h</filename> C header
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl h2xs"><primary sortas="b-h2xs">h2xs</primary></indexterm> files to Perl extensions</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl h2xs">
<primary sortas="b-h2xs">h2xs</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="libnetcfg"> <varlistentry id="libnetcfg">
<term><command>libnetcfg</command></term> <term><command>libnetcfg</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Can be used to configure the <filename class="libraryfile">libnet</filename></para> <para>Can be used to configure the
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl libnetcfg"><primary sortas="b-libnetcfg">libnetcfg</primary></indexterm> <filename class="libraryfile">libnet</filename></para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl libnetcfg">
<primary sortas="b-libnetcfg">libnetcfg</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -165,9 +207,11 @@ Unicode Character Mappings or Tcl Encoding Files</para>
<term><command>perl</command></term> <term><command>perl</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Combines some of the best features of C, <command>sed</command>, <para>Combines some of the best features of C, <command>sed</command>,
<command>awk</command> and <command>sh</command> into a single swiss-army <command>awk</command> and <command>sh</command> into a single
language</para> swiss-army language</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perl"><primary sortas="b-perl">perl</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perl">
<primary sortas="b-perl">perl</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -175,18 +219,20 @@ language</para>
<term><command>perl&perl-version;</command></term> <term><command>perl&perl-version;</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>A hard link to <command>perl</command></para> <para>A hard link to <command>perl</command></para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perl-version"><primary <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perl-version">
sortas="b-perl&perl-version;">perl&perl-version;</primary></indexterm> <primary sortas="b-perl&perl-version;">perl&perl-version;</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="perlbug"> <varlistentry id="perlbug">
<term><command>perlbug</command></term> <term><command>perlbug</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Used to generate bug reports about Perl, or the modules that come <para>Used to generate bug reports about Perl, or the modules that come
with it, and mail them</para> with it, and mail them</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlbug"><primary sortas="b-perlbug">perlbug</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlbug">
<primary sortas="b-perlbug">perlbug</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -194,7 +240,9 @@ with it, and mail them</para>
<term><command>perlcc</command></term> <term><command>perlcc</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Generates executables from Perl programs</para> <para>Generates executables from Perl programs</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlcc"><primary sortas="b-perlcc">perlcc</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlcc">
<primary sortas="b-perlcc">perlcc</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -203,7 +251,9 @@ with it, and mail them</para>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Displays a piece of documentation in pod format that is embedded <para>Displays a piece of documentation in pod format that is embedded
in the Perl installation tree or in a Perl script</para> in the Perl installation tree or in a Perl script</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perldoc"><primary sortas="b-perldoc">perldoc</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perldoc">
<primary sortas="b-perldoc">perldoc</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -213,7 +263,9 @@ in the Perl installation tree or in a Perl script</para>
<para>The Perl Installation Verification Procedure; it can be used to <para>The Perl Installation Verification Procedure; it can be used to
verify that Perl and its libraries have been installed verify that Perl and its libraries have been installed
correctly</para> correctly</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlivp"><primary sortas="b-perlivp">perlivp</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlivp">
<primary sortas="b-perlivp">perlivp</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -222,16 +274,21 @@ correctly</para>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>A Perl version of the character encoding converter <para>A Perl version of the character encoding converter
<command>iconv</command></para> <command>iconv</command></para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl piconv"><primary sortas="b-piconv">piconv</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl piconv">
<primary sortas="b-piconv">piconv</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="pl2pm"> <varlistentry id="pl2pm">
<term><command>pl2pm</command></term> <term><command>pl2pm</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>A rough tool for converting Perl4 <filename class="extension">.pl</filename> <para>A rough tool for converting Perl4
files to Perl5 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para> <filename class="extension">.pl</filename> files to Perl5
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pl2pm"><primary sortas="b-pl2pm">pl2pm</primary></indexterm> <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pl2pm">
<primary sortas="b-pl2pm">pl2pm</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -239,7 +296,9 @@ files to Perl5 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
<term><command>pod2html</command></term> <term><command>pod2html</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Converts files from pod format to HTML format</para> <para>Converts files from pod format to HTML format</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2html"><primary sortas="b-pod2html">pod2html</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2html">
<primary sortas="b-pod2html">pod2html</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -247,7 +306,9 @@ files to Perl5 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
<term><command>pod2latex</command></term> <term><command>pod2latex</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Converts files from pod format to LaTeX format</para> <para>Converts files from pod format to LaTeX format</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2latex"><primary sortas="b-pod2latex">pod2latex</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2latex">
<primary sortas="b-pod2latex">pod2latex</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -255,7 +316,9 @@ files to Perl5 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
<term><command>pod2man</command></term> <term><command>pod2man</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Converts pod data to formatted *roff input</para> <para>Converts pod data to formatted *roff input</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2man"><primary sortas="b-pod2man">pod2man</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2man">
<primary sortas="b-pod2man">pod2man</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -263,7 +326,9 @@ files to Perl5 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
<term><command>pod2text</command></term> <term><command>pod2text</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Converts pod data to formatted ASCII text</para> <para>Converts pod data to formatted ASCII text</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2text"><primary sortas="b-pod2text">pod2text</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2text">
<primary sortas="b-pod2text">pod2text</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -271,7 +336,9 @@ files to Perl5 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
<term><command>pod2usage</command></term> <term><command>pod2usage</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Prints usage messages from embedded pod docs in files</para> <para>Prints usage messages from embedded pod docs in files</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2usage"><primary sortas="b-pod2usage">pod2usage</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2usage">
<primary sortas="b-pod2usage">pod2usage</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -279,7 +346,9 @@ files to Perl5 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
<term><command>podchecker</command></term> <term><command>podchecker</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Checks the syntax of pod format documentation files</para> <para>Checks the syntax of pod format documentation files</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl podchecker"><primary sortas="b-podchecker">podchecker</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl podchecker">
<primary sortas="b-podchecker">podchecker</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -287,7 +356,9 @@ files to Perl5 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
<term><command>podselect</command></term> <term><command>podselect</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Displays selected sections of pod documentation</para> <para>Displays selected sections of pod documentation</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl podselect"><primary sortas="b-podselect">podselect</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl podselect">
<primary sortas="b-podselect">podselect</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -295,15 +366,20 @@ files to Perl5 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
<term><command>psed</command></term> <term><command>psed</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>A Perl version of the stream editor <command>sed</command></para> <para>A Perl version of the stream editor <command>sed</command></para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl psed"><primary sortas="b-psed">psed</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl psed">
<primary sortas="b-psed">psed</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="pstruct"> <varlistentry id="pstruct">
<term><command>pstruct</command></term> <term><command>pstruct</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Dumps C structures as generated from <command>cc -g -S</command> stabs</para> <para>Dumps C structures as generated from <command>cc -g -S</command>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pstruct"><primary sortas="b-pstruct">pstruct</primary></indexterm> stabs</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pstruct">
<primary sortas="b-pstruct">pstruct</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -311,7 +387,9 @@ files to Perl5 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
<term><command>s2p</command></term> <term><command>s2p</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Translates <command>sed</command> scripts to Perl</para> <para>Translates <command>sed</command> scripts to Perl</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl s2p"><primary sortas="b-s2p">s2p</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl s2p">
<primary sortas="b-s2p">s2p</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -319,7 +397,9 @@ files to Perl5 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
<term><command>splain</command></term> <term><command>splain</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Is used to force verbose warning diagnostics in Perl</para> <para>Is used to force verbose warning diagnostics in Perl</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl splain"><primary sortas="b-splain">splain</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl splain">
<primary sortas="b-splain">splain</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -327,12 +407,14 @@ files to Perl5 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
<term><command>xsubpp</command></term> <term><command>xsubpp</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Converts Perl XS code into C code</para> <para>Converts Perl XS code into C code</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-perl xsubpp"><primary sortas="b-xsubpp">xsubpp</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl xsubpp">
<primary sortas="b-xsubpp">xsubpp</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
</variablelist> </variablelist>
</sect2> </sect2>
</sect1> </sect1>

56
chapter06/pkgmgt.xml
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@ -6,9 +6,10 @@
]> ]>
<sect1 id="ch-system-pkgmgt"> <sect1 id="ch-system-pkgmgt">
<title>Package Management</title>
<?dbhtml filename="pkgmgt.html"?> <?dbhtml filename="pkgmgt.html"?>
<title>Package Management</title>
<para>Package Management is an often requested addition to the LFS Book. A <para>Package Management is an often requested addition to the LFS Book. A
Package Manager allows tracking the installation of files making it easy to Package Manager allows tracking the installation of files making it easy to
remove and upgrade packages. Before you begin to wonder, NO&mdash;this section remove and upgrade packages. Before you begin to wonder, NO&mdash;this section
@ -18,7 +19,8 @@
combination of two or more of these techniques. This section briefly mentions combination of two or more of these techniques. This section briefly mentions
issues that may arise when upgrading packages.</para> issues that may arise when upgrading packages.</para>
<para>Some reasons why no package manager is mentioned in LFS or BLFS include: </para> <para>Some reasons why no package manager is mentioned in LFS or BLFS
include:</para>
<itemizedlist> <itemizedlist>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -37,11 +39,13 @@
the <ulink url="&hints-root;">Hints subproject</ulink> and see if one of them the <ulink url="&hints-root;">Hints subproject</ulink> and see if one of them
fits your need.</para> fits your need.</para>
<note><para>As no particular package management technique is mentioned in LFS, <note>
<para>As no particular package management technique is mentioned in LFS,
the commands in the remainder of this book must be performed while logged in the commands in the remainder of this book must be performed while logged in
as user <emphasis>root</emphasis> and no longer as user as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> and no longer as user
<emphasis>lfs</emphasis>. Also, double check that <envar>$LFS</envar> is set. <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>. Also, double check that
</para></note> <envar>$LFS</envar> is set.</para>
</note>
<sect2> <sect2>
<title>Upgrade Issues</title> <title>Upgrade Issues</title>
@ -53,16 +57,14 @@
<itemizedlist> <itemizedlist>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>If one of the toolchain packages <para>If one of the toolchain packages (Glibc, GCC or Binutils) needs
(<application>Glibc</application>, <application>GCC</application> or to be upgraded to a newer minor version, it is safer to rebuild LFS.
<application>Binutils</application>) needs to be upgraded to a newer Though you <emphasis>may</emphasis> be able to get by rebuilding all
minor version, it is safer to rebuild LFS. Though you the packages in their dependency order, we do not recommend it. For
<emphasis>may</emphasis> be able to get by rebuilding all the packages example, if glibc-2.2.x needs to be updated to glibc-2.3.x, it is safer
in their dependency order, we do not recommend it. For example, if to rebuild. For micro version updates, a simple reinstallation usually
glibc-2.2.x needs to be updated to glibc-2.3.x, it is safer to rebuild. works, but is not guaranteed. For example, upgrading from glibc-2.3.4
For micro version updates, a simple reinstallation usually works, but to glibc-2.3.5 will not usually cause any problems.</para>
is not guaranteed. For example, upgrading from glibc-2.3.4 to
glibc-2.3.5 will not usually cause any problems.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -109,6 +111,7 @@
and know what files are installed by each package. Some users also do not and know what files are installed by each package. Some users also do not
need any package management because they plan on rebuilding the entire need any package management because they plan on rebuilding the entire
system when a package is changed.</para> system when a package is changed.</para>
</sect3> </sect3>
<sect3> <sect3>
@ -129,6 +132,7 @@
<envar>INFOPATH</envar> and <envar>CPPFLAGS</envar> need to be expanded to <envar>INFOPATH</envar> and <envar>CPPFLAGS</envar> need to be expanded to
include <filename>/usr/pkg/foo</filename>. For more than a few packages, include <filename>/usr/pkg/foo</filename>. For more than a few packages,
this scheme becomes unmanageable.</para> this scheme becomes unmanageable.</para>
</sect3> </sect3>
<sect3> <sect3>
@ -168,11 +172,11 @@ make install</userinput></screen>
make make
make DESTDIR=/usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1 install</userinput></screen> make DESTDIR=/usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1 install</userinput></screen>
<para>Most packages support this approach, but there are some which do <para>Most packages support this approach, but there are some which do not.
not. For the non-compliant packages, you may either need to manually For the non-compliant packages, you may either need to manually install the
install the package, or you may find that it is easier to install some package, or you may find that it is easier to install some problematic
problematic packages into <filename class='directory'>/opt</filename>. packages into <filename class='directory'>/opt</filename>.</para>
</para>
</sect3> </sect3>
<sect3> <sect3>
@ -190,6 +194,7 @@ make DESTDIR=/usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1 install</userinput></screen>
the package manager. Also, this scheme can only be used when one package the package manager. Also, this scheme can only be used when one package
is installed at a time. The logs are not reliable if two packages are is installed at a time. The logs are not reliable if two packages are
being installed on two different consoles.</para> being installed on two different consoles.</para>
</sect3> </sect3>
<sect3> <sect3>
@ -205,6 +210,7 @@ make DESTDIR=/usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1 install</userinput></screen>
installation. Therefore, it is advised that one performs some tests to installation. Therefore, it is advised that one performs some tests to
ensure that the package manager does not break anything and logs all the ensure that the package manager does not break anything and logs all the
appropriate files.</para> appropriate files.</para>
</sect3> </sect3>
<sect3> <sect3>
@ -214,8 +220,7 @@ make DESTDIR=/usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1 install</userinput></screen>
tree as described in the Symlink style package management. After the tree as described in the Symlink style package management. After the
installation, a package archive is created using the installed files. installation, a package archive is created using the installed files.
This archive is then used to install the package either on the local This archive is then used to install the package either on the local
machine or can even be used to install the package on other machines. machine or can even be used to install the package on other machines.</para>
</para>
<para>This approach is used by most of the package managers found in the <para>This approach is used by most of the package managers found in the
commercial distributions. Examples of package managers that follow this commercial distributions. Examples of package managers that follow this
@ -225,6 +230,7 @@ make DESTDIR=/usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1 install</userinput></screen>
Gentoo's Portage system. A hint describing how to adopt this style of Gentoo's Portage system. A hint describing how to adopt this style of
package management for LFS systems is located at <ulink package management for LFS systems is located at <ulink
url="&hints-root;/fakeroot.txt"/>.</para> url="&hints-root;/fakeroot.txt"/>.</para>
</sect3> </sect3>
<sect3> <sect3>
@ -236,8 +242,8 @@ make DESTDIR=/usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1 install</userinput></screen>
standard locations. Files belonging to a package are easily identified by standard locations. Files belonging to a package are easily identified by
checking the user ID. The features and shortcomings of this approach are checking the user ID. The features and shortcomings of this approach are
too complex to describe in this section. For the details please see the too complex to describe in this section. For the details please see the
hint at <ulink hint at <ulink url="&hints-root;/more_control_and_pkg_man.txt"/>.</para>
url="&hints-root;/more_control_and_pkg_man.txt"/>.</para>
</sect3> </sect3>
</sect2> </sect2>

131
chapter06/procps.xml
View File

@ -1,28 +1,42 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
%general-entities; %general-entities;
]> ]>
<sect1 id="ch-system-procps" role="wrap"> <sect1 id="ch-system-procps" role="wrap">
<title>Procps-&procps-version;</title>
<?dbhtml filename="procps.html"?> <?dbhtml filename="procps.html"?>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps"><primary sortas="a-Procps">Procps</primary></indexterm> <title>Procps-&procps-version;</title>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps">
<primary sortas="a-Procps">Procps</primary>
</indexterm>
<sect2 role="package">
<title/>
<sect2 role="package"><title/>
<para>The Procps package contains programs for monitoring processes.</para> <para>The Procps package contains programs for monitoring processes.</para>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle> <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>0.1 SBU</seg><seg>2.3 MB</seg></seglistitem>
<seglistitem>
<seg>0.1 SBU</seg>
<seg>2.3 MB</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle> <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, GCC, Glibc,
Make, and Ncurses</seg></seglistitem> <seglistitem>
<seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, GCC, Glibc, Make, and Ncurses</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
</sect2> </sect2>
<sect2 role="installation"> <sect2 role="installation">
@ -40,18 +54,22 @@ Make, and Ncurses</seg></seglistitem>
</sect2> </sect2>
<sect2 id="contents-procps" role="content">
<sect2 id="contents-procps" role="content"><title>Contents of Procps</title> <title>Contents of Procps</title>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle> <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
<segtitle>Installed library</segtitle> <segtitle>Installed library</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>free, kill, pgrep, pkill,
pmap, ps, skill, snice, sysctl, tload, top, uptime, vmstat, w, and watch</seg> <seglistitem>
<seg>libproc.so</seg></seglistitem> <seg>free, kill, pgrep, pkill, pmap, ps, skill, snice, sysctl, tload,
top, uptime, vmstat, w, and watch</seg>
<seg>libproc.so</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> <variablelist>
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
@ -60,7 +78,9 @@ pmap, ps, skill, snice, sysctl, tload, top, uptime, vmstat, w, and watch</seg>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Reports the amount of free and used memory (both physical and <para>Reports the amount of free and used memory (both physical and
swap memory) in the system</para> swap memory) in the system</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps free"><primary sortas="b-free">free</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-procps free">
<primary sortas="b-free">free</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -68,7 +88,9 @@ swap memory) in the system</para>
<term><command>kill</command></term> <term><command>kill</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Sends signals to processes</para> <para>Sends signals to processes</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps kill"><primary sortas="b-kill">kill</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-procps kill">
<primary sortas="b-kill">kill</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -76,7 +98,9 @@ swap memory) in the system</para>
<term><command>pgrep</command></term> <term><command>pgrep</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Looks up processes based on their name and other attributes</para> <para>Looks up processes based on their name and other attributes</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps pgrep"><primary sortas="b-pgrep">pgrep</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-procps pgrep">
<primary sortas="b-pgrep">pgrep</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -84,7 +108,9 @@ swap memory) in the system</para>
<term><command>pkill</command></term> <term><command>pkill</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Signals processes based on their name and other attributes</para> <para>Signals processes based on their name and other attributes</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps pkill"><primary sortas="b-pkill">pkill</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-procps pkill">
<primary sortas="b-pkill">pkill</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -92,7 +118,9 @@ swap memory) in the system</para>
<term><command>pmap</command></term> <term><command>pmap</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Reports the memory map of the given process</para> <para>Reports the memory map of the given process</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps pmap"><primary sortas="b-pmap">pmap</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-procps pmap">
<primary sortas="b-pmap">pmap</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -100,7 +128,9 @@ swap memory) in the system</para>
<term><command>ps</command></term> <term><command>ps</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Lists the current running processes</para> <para>Lists the current running processes</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps ps"><primary sortas="b-ps">ps</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-procps ps">
<primary sortas="b-ps">ps</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -108,15 +138,20 @@ swap memory) in the system</para>
<term><command>skill</command></term> <term><command>skill</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Sends signals to processes matching the given criteria</para> <para>Sends signals to processes matching the given criteria</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps skill"><primary sortas="b-skill">skill</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-procps skill">
<primary sortas="b-skill">skill</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="snice"> <varlistentry id="snice">
<term><command>snice</command></term> <term><command>snice</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Changes the scheduling priority of processes matching the given criteria</para> <para>Changes the scheduling priority of processes matching the given
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps snice"><primary sortas="b-snice">snice</primary></indexterm> criteria</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps snice">
<primary sortas="b-snice">snice</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -124,7 +159,9 @@ swap memory) in the system</para>
<term><command>sysctl</command></term> <term><command>sysctl</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Modifies kernel parameters at run time</para> <para>Modifies kernel parameters at run time</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps sysctl"><primary sortas="b-sysctl">sysctl</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-procps sysctl">
<primary sortas="b-sysctl">sysctl</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -132,16 +169,20 @@ swap memory) in the system</para>
<term><command>tload</command></term> <term><command>tload</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Prints a graph of the current system load average</para> <para>Prints a graph of the current system load average</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps tload"><primary sortas="b-tload">tload</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-procps tload">
<primary sortas="b-tload">tload</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="top"> <varlistentry id="top">
<term><command>top</command></term> <term><command>top</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Displays a list of the most CPU intensive processes; it provides an <para>Displays a list of the most CPU intensive processes; it
ongoing look at processor activity in real time</para> provides an ongoing look at processor activity in real time</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps top"><primary sortas="b-top">top</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-procps top">
<primary sortas="b-top">top</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -150,7 +191,9 @@ ongoing look at processor activity in real time</para>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Reports how long the system has been running, how many users are <para>Reports how long the system has been running, how many users are
logged on, and the system load averages</para> logged on, and the system load averages</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps uptime"><primary sortas="b-uptime">uptime</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-procps uptime">
<primary sortas="b-uptime">uptime</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -158,38 +201,50 @@ logged on, and the system load averages</para>
<term><command>vmstat</command></term> <term><command>vmstat</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Reports virtual memory statistics, giving information about <para>Reports virtual memory statistics, giving information about
processes, memory, paging, block Input/Output (IO), traps, and CPU activity</para> processes, memory, paging, block Input/Output (IO), traps, and CPU
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps vmstat"><primary sortas="b-vmstat">vmstat</primary></indexterm> activity</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps vmstat">
<primary sortas="b-vmstat">vmstat</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="w"> <varlistentry id="w">
<term><command>w</command></term> <term><command>w</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Shows which users are currently logged on, where, and since when</para> <para>Shows which users are currently logged on, where, and since
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps w"><primary sortas="b-w">w</primary></indexterm> when</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps w">
<primary sortas="b-w">w</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="watch"> <varlistentry id="watch">
<term><command>watch</command></term> <term><command>watch</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Runs a given command repeatedly, displaying the first screen-full of its <para>Runs a given command repeatedly, displaying the first
output; this allows a user to watch the output change over time</para> screen-full of its output; this allows a user to watch the output
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps watch"><primary sortas="b-watch">watch</primary></indexterm> change over time</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps watch">
<primary sortas="b-watch">watch</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="libproc"> <varlistentry id="libproc">
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libproc</filename></term> <term><filename class="libraryfile">libproc</filename></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Contains the functions used by most programs in this package</para> <para>Contains the functions used by most programs in this
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps libproc"><primary sortas="c-libproc">libproc</primary></indexterm> package</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-procps libproc">
<primary sortas="c-libproc">libproc</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
</variablelist> </variablelist>
</sect2> </sect2>
</sect1> </sect1>

87
chapter06/psmisc.xml
View File

@ -1,29 +1,44 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
%general-entities; %general-entities;
]> ]>
<sect1 id="ch-system-psmisc" role="wrap"> <sect1 id="ch-system-psmisc" role="wrap">
<title>Psmisc-&psmisc-version;</title>
<?dbhtml filename="psmisc.html"?> <?dbhtml filename="psmisc.html"?>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-psmisc"><primary sortas="a-Psmisc">Psmisc</primary></indexterm> <title>Psmisc-&psmisc-version;</title>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-psmisc">
<primary sortas="a-Psmisc">Psmisc</primary>
</indexterm>
<sect2 role="package">
<title/>
<sect2 role="package"><title/>
<para>The Psmisc package contains programs for displaying information about <para>The Psmisc package contains programs for displaying information about
running processes.</para> running processes.</para>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle> <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>0.1 SBU</seg><seg>1.7 MB</seg></seglistitem>
<seglistitem>
<seg>0.1 SBU</seg>
<seg>1.7 MB</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle> <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils,
GCC, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, Ncurses, and Sed</seg></seglistitem> <seglistitem>
<seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, GCC, Gettext, Glibc, Grep,
Make, Ncurses, and Sed</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
</sect2> </sect2>
<sect2 role="installation"> <sect2 role="installation">
@ -33,17 +48,20 @@ GCC, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, Ncurses, and Sed</seg></seglistitem>
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --exec-prefix=""</userinput></screen> <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --exec-prefix=""</userinput></screen>
<para>The meaning of the configure options:</para>
<variablelist> <variablelist>
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
<varlistentry> <varlistentry>
<term><parameter>--exec-prefix=""</parameter></term> <term><parameter>--exec-prefix=""</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>This ensures that the Psmisc binaries will install into <listitem>
<para>This ensures that the Psmisc binaries will install into
<filename class="directory">/bin</filename> instead of <filename <filename class="directory">/bin</filename> instead of <filename
class="directory">/usr/bin</filename>. This is the correct location according to class="directory">/usr/bin</filename>. This is the correct location
the FHS, because some of the Psmisc binaries are used by the LFS-Bootscripts according to the FHS, because some of the Psmisc binaries are used
package.</para></listitem> by the LFS-Bootscripts package.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
</variablelist> </variablelist>
<para>Compile the package:</para> <para>Compile the package:</para>
@ -74,23 +92,30 @@ following symlink:</para>
</sect2> </sect2>
<sect2 id="contents-psmisc" role="content">
<sect2 id="contents-psmisc" role="content"><title>Contents of Psmisc</title> <title>Contents of Psmisc</title>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle> <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>fuser, killall, pstree, and pstree.x11 (link to pstree)</seg></seglistitem>
<seglistitem>
<seg>fuser, killall, pstree, and pstree.x11 (link to pstree)</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> <variablelist>
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
<varlistentry id="fuser"> <varlistentry id="fuser">
<term><command>fuser</command></term> <term><command>fuser</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Reports the Process IDs (PIDs) of processes that use the given files or file systems</para> <para>Reports the Process IDs (PIDs) of processes that use the given
<indexterm zone="ch-system-psmisc fuser"><primary sortas="b-fuser">fuser</primary></indexterm> files or file systems</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-psmisc fuser">
<primary sortas="b-fuser">fuser</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -99,15 +124,20 @@ following symlink:</para>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Kills processes by name; it sends a signal to all processes <para>Kills processes by name; it sends a signal to all processes
running any of the given commands</para> running any of the given commands</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-psmisc killall"><primary sortas="b-killall">killall</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-psmisc killall">
<primary sortas="b-killall">killall</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="oldfuser"> <varlistentry id="oldfuser">
<term><command>oldfuser</command></term> <term><command>oldfuser</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Reports the Process IDs (PIDs) of processes that use the given files or file systems</para> <para>Reports the Process IDs (PIDs) of processes that use the given
<indexterm zone="ch-system-psmisc oldfuser"><primary sortas="b-oldfuser">oldfuser</primary></indexterm> files or file systems</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-psmisc oldfuser">
<primary sortas="b-oldfuser">oldfuser</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -115,20 +145,25 @@ running any of the given commands</para>
<term><command>pstree</command></term> <term><command>pstree</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Displays running processes as a tree</para> <para>Displays running processes as a tree</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-psmisc pstree"><primary sortas="b-pstree">pstree</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-psmisc pstree">
<primary sortas="b-pstree">pstree</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="pstree.x11"> <varlistentry id="pstree.x11">
<term><command>pstree.x11</command></term> <term><command>pstree.x11</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Same as <command>pstree</command>, except that it waits for confirmation before exiting</para> <para>Same as <command>pstree</command>, except that it waits for
<indexterm zone="ch-system-psmisc pstree.x11"><primary sortas="b-pstree.x11">pstree.x11</primary></indexterm> confirmation before exiting</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-psmisc pstree.x11">
<primary sortas="b-pstree.x11">pstree.x11</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
</variablelist> </variablelist>
</sect2> </sect2>
</sect1> </sect1>

60
chapter06/pwdgroup.xml
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@ -1,22 +1,42 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
%general-entities; %general-entities;
]> ]>
<sect1 id="ch-system-pwdgroup"> <sect1 id="ch-system-pwdgroup">
<title>Creating the passwd, group, and log Files</title>
<?dbhtml filename="pwdgroup.html"?> <?dbhtml filename="pwdgroup.html"?>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup"><primary sortas="e-/etc/passwd">/etc/passwd</primary></indexterm> <title>Creating the passwd, group, and log Files</title>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup"><primary sortas="e-/etc/group">/etc/group</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup"><primary sortas="e-/var/run/utmp">/var/run/utmp</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup"><primary sortas="e-/var/log/btmp">/var/log/btmp</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup"><primary sortas="e-/var/log/lastlog">/var/log/lastlog</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup"><primary sortas="e-/var/log/wtmp">/var/log/wtmp</primary></indexterm>
<para>In order for user <emphasis>root</emphasis> to be able to login <indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup">
and for the name <quote>root</quote> to be recognized, there must be relevant <primary sortas="e-/etc/passwd">/etc/passwd</primary>
entries in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and </indexterm>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup">
<primary sortas="e-/etc/group">/etc/group</primary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup">
<primary sortas="e-/var/run/utmp">/var/run/utmp</primary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup">
<primary sortas="e-/var/log/btmp">/var/log/btmp</primary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup">
<primary sortas="e-/var/log/lastlog">/var/log/lastlog</primary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup">
<primary sortas="e-/var/log/wtmp">/var/log/wtmp</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>In order for user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> to be
able to login and for the name <quote>root</quote> to be recognized, there
must be relevant entries in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and
<filename>/etc/group</filename> files.</para> <filename>/etc/group</filename> files.</para>
<para>Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the following <para>Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the following
@ -26,8 +46,8 @@ command:</para>
<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash</literal> <literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash</literal>
EOF</userinput></screen> EOF</userinput></screen>
<para>The actual password for <emphasis>root</emphasis> (the <quote>x</quote> <para>The actual password for <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
used here is just a placeholder) will be set later.</para> (the <quote>x</quote> used here is just a placeholder) will be set later.</para>
<para>Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the following <para>Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the following
command:</para> command:</para>
@ -53,13 +73,14 @@ EOF</userinput></screen>
<para>The created groups are not part of any standard&mdash;they are groups <para>The created groups are not part of any standard&mdash;they are groups
decided on in part by the requirements of the Udev configuration in this decided on in part by the requirements of the Udev configuration in this
chapter, and in part by common convention employed by a number of existing Linux chapter, and in part by common convention employed by a number of existing
distributions. The Linux Standard Base (LSB, available at <ulink Linux distributions. The Linux Standard Base (LSB, available at <ulink
url="http://www.linuxbase.org"/>) recommends only that, besides the group url="http://www.linuxbase.org"/>) recommends only that, besides the group
<quote>root</quote> with a Group ID (GID) of 0, a group <quote>bin</quote> with <systemitem class="groupname">root</systemitem> with a Group ID (GID) of 0,
a GID of 1 be present. All other group names and GIDs can be chosen freely by a group <systemitem class="groupname">bin</systemitem> with a GID of 1 be
the system administrator since well-written programs do not depend on GID present. All other group names and GIDs can be chosen freely by the system
numbers, but rather use the group's name.</para> administrator since well-written programs do not depend on GID numbers, but
rather use the group's name.</para>
<para>To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a new <para>To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a new
shell. Since a full Glibc was installed in <xref shell. Since a full Glibc was installed in <xref
@ -96,4 +117,3 @@ each user last logged in. The <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> file
records the bad login attempts.</para> records the bad login attempts.</para>
</sect1> </sect1>

45
chapter06/readjusting.xml
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@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
%general-entities; %general-entities;
]> ]>
<sect1 id="ch-system-readjusting"> <sect1 id="ch-system-readjusting">
<title>Re-adjusting the Toolchain</title>
<?dbhtml filename="readjusting.html"?> <?dbhtml filename="readjusting.html"?>
<title>Re-adjusting the Toolchain</title>
<para>Now that the final C libraries have been installed, it is time to adjust <para>Now that the final C libraries have been installed, it is time to adjust
the toolchain again. The toolchain will be adjusted so that it will link any the toolchain again. The toolchain will be adjusted so that it will link any
newly compiled program against these new libraries. This is a similar process newly compiled program against these new libraries. This is a similar process
@ -19,9 +22,10 @@ be guided from that same <filename class="directory">/tools/lib</filename>
directory to the LFS <filename class="directory">/{,usr/}lib</filename> directory to the LFS <filename class="directory">/{,usr/}lib</filename>
directories.</para> directories.</para>
<para>First, backup the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> linker, and <para>First, backup the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> linker,
replace it with the adjusted linker we made in chapter 5. We'll also create a and replace it with the adjusted linker we made in chapter 5. We'll also create
link to its counterpart in <filename class="directory">/tools/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/bin</filename>.</para> a link to its counterpart in <filename class="directory">/tools/$(gcc
-dumpmachine)/bin</filename>.</para>
<screen><userinput>mv -v /tools/bin/{ld,ld-old} <screen><userinput>mv -v /tools/bin/{ld,ld-old}
mv -v /tools/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/bin/{ld,ld-old} mv -v /tools/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/bin/{ld,ld-old}
@ -35,24 +39,23 @@ A <command>perl</command> command accomplishes this:</para>
<screen><userinput>gcc -dumpspecs | \ <screen><userinput>gcc -dumpspecs | \
perl -p -e 's@/tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2@/lib/ld-linux.so.2@g;' \ perl -p -e 's@/tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2@/lib/ld-linux.so.2@g;' \
-e 's@\*startfile_prefix_spec:\n@$_/usr/lib/ @g;' &gt; \ -e 's@\*startfile_prefix_spec:\n@$_/usr/lib/ @g;' &gt; \
`dirname $(gcc --print-libgcc-file-name)`/specs `dirname $(gcc --print-libgcc-file-name)`/specs</userinput></screen>
</userinput></screen>
<para>It is a good idea to visually inspect the specs file to verify the intended <para>It is a good idea to visually inspect the specs file to verify the
change was actually made.</para> intended change was actually made.</para>
<important><para>If working on a platform where the name of the <important>
dynamic linker is something other than <para>If working on a platform where the name of the dynamic linker is
<filename class="libraryfile">ld-linux.so.2</filename>, substitute something other than <filename class="libraryfile">ld-linux.so.2</filename>,
<quote>ld-linux.so.2</quote> with the name of the platform's substitute <quote>ld-linux.so.2</quote> with the name of the platform's
dynamic linker in the above commands. Refer back to <xref dynamic linker in the above commands. Refer back to <xref
linkend="ch-tools-toolchaintechnotes" role=","/> if linkend="ch-tools-toolchaintechnotes" role=","/> if necessary.</para>
necessary.</para></important> </important>
<caution><para>It is imperative at this point to stop and ensure that <caution>
the basic functions (compiling and linking) of the adjusted toolchain <para>It is imperative at this point to stop and ensure that the basic
are working as expected. To do this, perform a sanity functions (compiling and linking) of the adjusted toolchain are working
check:</para> as expected. To do this, perform a sanity check:</para>
<screen><userinput>echo 'main(){}' &gt; dummy.c <screen><userinput>echo 'main(){}' &gt; dummy.c
cc dummy.c -Wl,--verbose &amp;&gt; dummy.log cc dummy.c -Wl,--verbose &amp;&gt; dummy.log
@ -107,7 +110,7 @@ the process.</para>
<para>Once everything is working correctly, clean up the test <para>Once everything is working correctly, clean up the test
files:</para> files:</para>
<screen><userinput>rm -v dummy.c a.out dummy.log</userinput></screen></caution> <screen><userinput>rm -v dummy.c a.out dummy.log</userinput></screen>
</caution>
</sect1> </sect1>

72
chapter06/readline.xml
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@ -1,29 +1,44 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
%general-entities; %general-entities;
]> ]>
<sect1 id="ch-system-readline" role="wrap"> <sect1 id="ch-system-readline" role="wrap">
<title>Readline-&readline-version;</title>
<?dbhtml filename="readline.html"?> <?dbhtml filename="readline.html"?>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-readline"><primary sortas="a-Readline">Readline</primary></indexterm> <title>Readline-&readline-version;</title>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-readline">
<primary sortas="a-Readline">Readline</primary>
</indexterm>
<sect2 role="package">
<title/>
<sect2 role="package"><title/>
<para>The Readline package is a set of libraries that offers command-line <para>The Readline package is a set of libraries that offers command-line
editing and history capabilities.</para> editing and history capabilities.</para>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle> <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>0.11 SBU</seg><seg>9.1 MB</seg></seglistitem>
<seglistitem>
<seg>0.11 SBU</seg>
<seg>9.1 MB</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle> <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, Gawk,
GCC, Glibc, Grep, Make, Ncurses, and Sed</seg></seglistitem> <seglistitem>
<seg>Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, Gawk, GCC, Glibc, Grep, Make,
Ncurses, and Sed</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
</sect2> </sect2>
<sect2 role="installation"> <sect2 role="installation">
@ -37,16 +52,18 @@ GCC, Glibc, Grep, Make, Ncurses, and Sed</seg></seglistitem>
<screen><userinput>make SHLIB_LIBS=-lncurses</userinput></screen> <screen><userinput>make SHLIB_LIBS=-lncurses</userinput></screen>
<para>The meaning of the make option:</para>
<variablelist> <variablelist>
<title>The meaning of the make option:</title>
<varlistentry> <varlistentry>
<term><parameter>SHLIB_LIBS=-lncurses</parameter></term> <term><parameter>SHLIB_LIBS=-lncurses</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>This option forces Readline to link against the <listitem>
<filename class="libraryfile">libncurses</filename> <para>This option forces Readline to link against the
(really, <filename class="libraryfile">libncursesw</filename>) <filename class="libraryfile">libncurses</filename> (really,
library.</para></listitem> <filename class="libraryfile">libncursesw</filename>) library.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
</variablelist> </variablelist>
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para> <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
@ -73,33 +90,41 @@ ln -sfv ../../lib/libhistory.so.5 /usr/lib/libhistory.so</userinput></screen>
</sect2> </sect2>
<sect2 id="contents-readline" role="content">
<title>Contents of Readline</title>
<sect2 id="contents-readline" role="content"><title>Contents of Readline</title>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle> <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>libhistory.[a,so], and libreadline.[a,so]</seg></seglistitem>
<seglistitem>
<seg>libhistory.[a,so], and libreadline.[a,so]</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> <variablelist>
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
<varlistentry id="libhistory"> <varlistentry id="libhistory">
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libhistory</filename></term> <term><filename class="libraryfile">libhistory</filename></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Provides a consistent user interface <para>Provides a consistent user interface for recalling lines
for recalling lines of history</para> of history</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-readline libhistory"><primary sortas="c-libhistory">libhistory</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-readline libhistory">
<primary sortas="c-libhistory">libhistory</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="libreadline"> <varlistentry id="libreadline">
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libreadline</filename></term> <term><filename class="libraryfile">libreadline</filename></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Aids in the consistency of user interface <para>Aids in the consistency of user interface across discrete
across discrete programs that need to provide a command line programs that need to provide a command line interface</para>
interface</para> <indexterm zone="ch-system-readline libreadline">
<indexterm zone="ch-system-readline libreadline"><primary sortas="c-libreadline">libreadline</primary></indexterm> <primary sortas="c-libreadline">libreadline</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -108,4 +133,3 @@ interface</para>
</sect2> </sect2>
</sect1> </sect1>

20
chapter06/revisedchroot.xml
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@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
%general-entities; %general-entities;
]> ]>
<sect1 id="ch-system-revisedchroot"> <sect1 id="ch-system-revisedchroot">
<title>Cleaning Up</title>
<?dbhtml filename="revisedchroot.html"?> <?dbhtml filename="revisedchroot.html"?>
<title>Cleaning Up</title>
<para>From now on, when reentering the chroot environment after <para>From now on, when reentering the chroot environment after
exiting, use the following modified chroot command:</para> exiting, use the following modified chroot command:</para>
@ -20,11 +23,12 @@ class="directory">/tools</filename> are no longer needed. Since they are no
longer needed you can delete the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> longer needed you can delete the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>
directory if so desired.</para> directory if so desired.</para>
<note><para>Removing <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> will also <note>
remove the temporary copies of Tcl, Expect, and DejaGNU which were used for <para>Removing <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> will also
running the toolchain tests. If you need these programs later on, they will need remove the temporary copies of Tcl, Expect, and DejaGNU which were used
to be recompiled and re-installed. The BLFS book has instructions for this (see for running the toolchain tests. If you need these programs later on,
<ulink url="&blfs-root;"/>).</para></note> they will need to be recompiled and re-installed. The BLFS book has
instructions for this (see <ulink url="&blfs-root;"/>).</para>
</note>
</sect1> </sect1>

47
chapter06/sed.xml
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@ -1,28 +1,43 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
%general-entities; %general-entities;
]> ]>
<sect1 id="ch-system-sed" role="wrap"> <sect1 id="ch-system-sed" role="wrap">
<title>Sed-&sed-version;</title>
<?dbhtml filename="sed.html"?> <?dbhtml filename="sed.html"?>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-sed"><primary sortas="a-Sed">Sed</primary></indexterm> <title>Sed-&sed-version;</title>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-sed">
<primary sortas="a-Sed">Sed</primary>
</indexterm>
<sect2 role="package">
<title/>
<sect2 role="package"><title/>
<para>The Sed package contains a stream editor.</para> <para>The Sed package contains a stream editor.</para>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle> <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>0.2 SBU</seg><seg>8.4 MB</seg></seglistitem>
<seglistitem>
<seg>0.2 SBU</seg>
<seg>8.4 MB</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle> <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils,
Diffutils, GCC, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, and Texinfo</seg></seglistitem> <seglistitem>
<seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, GCC, Gettext, Glibc,
Grep, Make, and Texinfo</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
</sect2> </sect2>
<sect2 role="installation"> <sect2 role="installation">
@ -52,15 +67,19 @@ applying the following <command>sed</command>:</para>
</sect2> </sect2>
<sect2 id="contents-sed" role="content">
<sect2 id="contents-sed" role="content"><title>Contents of Sed</title> <title>Contents of Sed</title>
<segmentedlist> <segmentedlist>
<segtitle>Installed program</segtitle> <segtitle>Installed program</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>sed</seg></seglistitem>
<seglistitem>
<seg>sed</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist> </segmentedlist>
<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> <variablelist>
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
@ -68,12 +87,14 @@ applying the following <command>sed</command>:</para>
<term><command>sed</command></term> <term><command>sed</command></term>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Filters and transforms text files in a single pass</para> <para>Filters and transforms text files in a single pass</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-sed sed"><primary sortas="b-sed">sed</primary></indexterm> <indexterm zone="ch-system-sed sed">
<primary sortas="b-sed">sed</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
</variablelist> </variablelist>
</sect2> </sect2>
</sect1> </sect1>