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<title>Preparing a new partition</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="chapter03.html" dir="chapter03"?>
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&c3-introduction;
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&c3-creatingpart;
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&c3-creatingfs;
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&c3-mounting;
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<sect1 id="ch03-introduction">
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<title>Introduction</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="introduction.html" dir="chapter03"?>
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<para>In this chapter the partition which will host the LFS system is
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prepared. We will create the partition itself, make a file system on it,
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and mount it.</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="ch03-creatingpart">
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<title>Creating a new partition</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="creatingpart.html" dir="chapter03"?>
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<para>In order to build our new Linux system, we will need some space:
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an empty disk partition. If you don't have a free partition, and no room
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on any of your hard disks to make one, then you could build LFS on the
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same partition as the one on which your current distribution is installed.
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This procedure is not recommended for your first LFS install, but if you
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are short on disk space, and you feel brave, take a look at the hint at
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<ulink url="&hints-root;lfs_next_to_existing_systems.txt"/>.</para>
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<para>For a minimal system you will need a partition of around 1.2 GB.
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This is enough to store all the source tarballs and compile all the packages.
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But if you intend to use the LFS system as your primary Linux system, you
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will probably want to install additional software, and will need more space
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than this, probably around 2 or 3 GB.</para>
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<para>As we almost never have enough RAM in our box, it is a good idea to
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use a small disk partition as swap space -- this space is used by the kernel
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to store seldom-used data to make room in memory for more urgent stuff.
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The swap partition for your LFS system can be the same one as for your host
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system, so you won't have to create another if your host system already uses
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a swap partition.</para>
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<para>Start a disk partitioning program such as <userinput>cfdisk</userinput>
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or <userinput>fdisk</userinput> with an argument naming the hard disk upon
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which the new partition must be created -- for example
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<filename>/dev/hda</filename> for the primary IDE disk. Create a Linux native
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partition and a swap partition, if needed. Please refer to the man pages of
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<userinput>cfdisk</userinput> or <userinput>fdisk</userinput> if you don't yet
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know how to use the programs.</para>
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<para>Remember the designation of your new partition -- something like
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<filename>hda5</filename>. This book will refer to it as the LFS partition.
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If you (now) also have a swap partition, remember its designation too. These
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names will later be needed for the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file.</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="ch03-creatingfs">
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<title>Creating a file system on the new partition</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="creatingfs.html" dir="chapter03"?>
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<para>Now that we have a blank partition, we can create a file system on it.
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Most widely used in the Linux world is the second extended file system (ext2),
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but with the high-capacity hard disks of today the so-called journaling file
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systems are becoming increasingly popular. Here we will create an ext2 file
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system, but build instructions for other file systems can be found at <ulink
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url="&blfs-root;view/stable/postlfs/filesystems.html"/>.</para>
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<para>To create an ext2 file system on the LFS partition run the following:</para>
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<screen><userinput>mke2fs /dev/xxx</userinput></screen>
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<para>Replace <filename>xxx</filename> with the name of the LFS partition
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(something like <filename>hda5</filename>).</para>
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<para>If you created a (new) swap partition you need to initialize it as a
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swap partition too (also known as formatting, like you did above with
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<userinput>mke2fs</userinput>) by running:</para>
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<screen><userinput>mkswap /dev/yyy</userinput></screen>
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<para>Replace <filename>yyy</filename> with the name of the swap
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partition.</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="ch03-mounting">
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<title>Mounting the new partition</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="mounting.html" dir="chapter03"?>
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<para>Now that we've created a file system, we want to be able to access
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the partition. For that, we need to mount it, and have to choose a mount
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point. In this book we assume that the file system is mounted under
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<filename>/mnt/lfs</filename>, but it doesn't matter what directory
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you choose.</para>
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<para>Choose a mount point and assign it to the LFS environment variable
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by running:</para>
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<screen><userinput>export LFS=/mnt/lfs</userinput></screen>
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<para>Now create the mount point and mount the LFS file system by running:</para>
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<screen><userinput>mkdir -p $LFS
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mount /dev/xxx $LFS</userinput></screen>
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<para>Replace <filename>xxx</filename> with the designation of the LFS
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partition.</para>
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<para>If you have decided to use multiple partitions for LFS (say one for
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<filename>/</filename> and another for <filename>/usr</filename>), mount
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them like this:</para>
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<screen><userinput>mkdir -p $LFS
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mount /dev/xxx $LFS
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mkdir $LFS/usr
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mount /dev/yyy $LFS/usr</userinput></screen>
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<para>Of course, replace <filename>xxx</filename> and <filename>yyy</filename>
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with the appropriate partition names.</para>
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<para>You should also ensure that this new partition is not mounted with
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permissions that are too restrictive (such as the nosuid, nodev or noatime
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options). You can run the <userinput>mount</userinput> command without any
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parameters to see with what options the LFS partition is mounted. If
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you see nosuid, nodev or noatime, you will need to remount it.</para>
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<para>Now that we've made ourselves a place to work in, we're ready to download
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the packages.</para>
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</sect1>
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</chapter>
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@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
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<sect1 id="ch03-creatingfs">
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<title>Creating a file system on the new partition</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="creatingfs.html" dir="chapter03"?>
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<para>Now that we have a blank partition, we can create a file system on it.
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Most widely used in the Linux world is the second extended file system (ext2),
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but with the high-capacity hard disks of today the so-called journaling file
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systems are becoming increasingly popular. Here we will create an ext2 file
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system, but build instructions for other file systems can be found at <ulink
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url="&blfs-root;view/stable/postlfs/filesystems.html"/>.</para>
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<para>To create an ext2 file system on the LFS partition run the following:</para>
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<screen><userinput>mke2fs /dev/xxx</userinput></screen>
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<para>Replace <filename>xxx</filename> with the name of the LFS partition
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(something like <filename>hda5</filename>).</para>
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<para>If you created a (new) swap partition you need to initialize it as a
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swap partition too (also known as formatting, like you did above with
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<userinput>mke2fs</userinput>) by running:</para>
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<screen><userinput>mkswap /dev/yyy</userinput></screen>
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<para>Replace <filename>yyy</filename> with the name of the swap
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partition.</para>
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</sect1>
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@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
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<sect1 id="ch03-creatingpart">
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<title>Creating a new partition</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="creatingpart.html" dir="chapter03"?>
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<para>In order to build our new Linux system, we will need some space:
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an empty disk partition. If you don't have a free partition, and no room
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on any of your hard disks to make one, then you could build LFS on the
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same partition as the one on which your current distribution is installed.
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This procedure is not recommended for your first LFS install, but if you
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are short on disk space, and you feel brave, take a look at the hint at
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<ulink url="&hints-root;lfs_next_to_existing_systems.txt"/>.</para>
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<para>For a minimal system you will need a partition of around 1.2 GB.
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This is enough to store all the source tarballs and compile all the packages.
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But if you intend to use the LFS system as your primary Linux system, you
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will probably want to install additional software, and will need more space
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than this, probably around 2 or 3 GB.</para>
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<para>As we almost never have enough RAM in our box, it is a good idea to
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use a small disk partition as swap space -- this space is used by the kernel
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to store seldom-used data to make room in memory for more urgent stuff.
|
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The swap partition for your LFS system can be the same one as for your host
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system, so you won't have to create another if your host system already uses
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a swap partition.</para>
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<para>Start a disk partitioning program such as <userinput>cfdisk</userinput>
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or <userinput>fdisk</userinput> with an argument naming the hard disk upon
|
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which the new partition must be created -- for example
|
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<filename>/dev/hda</filename> for the primary IDE disk. Create a Linux native
|
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partition and a swap partition, if needed. Please refer to the man pages of
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<userinput>cfdisk</userinput> or <userinput>fdisk</userinput> if you don't yet
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know how to use the programs.</para>
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<para>Remember the designation of your new partition -- something like
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<filename>hda5</filename>. This book will refer to it as the LFS partition.
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If you (now) also have a swap partition, remember its designation too. These
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names will later be needed for the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file.</para>
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</sect1>
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@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
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<sect1 id="ch03-introduction">
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<title>Introduction</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="introduction.html" dir="chapter03"?>
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<para>In this chapter the partition which will host the LFS system is
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prepared. We will create the partition itself, make a file system on it,
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and mount it.</para>
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</sect1>
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@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
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<sect1 id="ch03-mounting">
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<title>Mounting the new partition</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="mounting.html" dir="chapter03"?>
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<para>Now that we've created a file system, we want to be able to access
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the partition. For that, we need to mount it, and have to choose a mount
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point. In this book we assume that the file system is mounted under
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<filename>/mnt/lfs</filename>, but it doesn't matter what directory
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you choose.</para>
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<para>Choose a mount point and assign it to the LFS environment variable
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by running:</para>
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<screen><userinput>export LFS=/mnt/lfs</userinput></screen>
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<para>Now create the mount point and mount the LFS file system by running:</para>
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<screen><userinput>mkdir -p $LFS
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mount /dev/xxx $LFS</userinput></screen>
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<para>Replace <filename>xxx</filename> with the designation of the LFS
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partition.</para>
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<para>If you have decided to use multiple partitions for LFS (say one for
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<filename>/</filename> and another for <filename>/usr</filename>), mount
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them like this:</para>
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<screen><userinput>mkdir -p $LFS
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mount /dev/xxx $LFS
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mkdir $LFS/usr
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mount /dev/yyy $LFS/usr</userinput></screen>
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<para>Of course, replace <filename>xxx</filename> and <filename>yyy</filename>
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with the appropriate partition names.</para>
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<para>You should also ensure that this new partition is not mounted with
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permissions that are too restrictive (such as the nosuid, nodev or noatime
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options). You can run the <userinput>mount</userinput> command without any
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parameters to see with what options the LFS partition is mounted. If
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you see nosuid, nodev or noatime, you will need to remount it.</para>
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<para>Now that we've made ourselves a place to work in, we're ready to download
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||||
the packages.</para>
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||||
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||||
</sect1>
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||||
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||||
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