diff --git a/chapter01/changelog.xml b/chapter01/changelog.xml
index d654af3e3..3a6298296 100644
--- a/chapter01/changelog.xml
+++ b/chapter01/changelog.xml
@@ -37,6 +37,19 @@
-->
+
+ 2009-11-23
+
+
+ [bdubbs] Add a page describing the Linux standards LFS
+ uses to guide its procedures. Included a sub-section on why
+ each package is in the book.
+ Fixes #1673
+ and #2196
+
+
+
+
2009-11-22
diff --git a/general.ent b/general.ent
index a7c16c732..d3853d870 100644
--- a/general.ent
+++ b/general.ent
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-
-
+
+
diff --git a/prologue/architecture.xml b/prologue/architecture.xml
index 55b24559e..f4b1a2744 100644
--- a/prologue/architecture.xml
+++ b/prologue/architecture.xml
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ that cannot currently be built in a "pure" 64-bit system or require specialized
build instructions. Generally, these packages have some embedded 32-bit
specific assembly language instructions that fail when building on a 64-bit
system. Examples include the Beyond Linux From Scratch
+url="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/">Beyond Linux From Scratch
(BLFS) packages Zip and some Xorg drivers. Many of these problems can
be worked around, but may require some specialized procedures or
patches.
diff --git a/prologue/preface.xml b/prologue/preface.xml
index fde09453d..43bab7db2 100644
--- a/prologue/preface.xml
+++ b/prologue/preface.xml
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
+
diff --git a/prologue/standards.xml b/prologue/standards.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0a54405da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prologue/standards.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,521 @@
+
+
+ %general-entities;
+]>
+
+
+
+
+ LFS and Standards
+
+
+
+
+ The structure of LFS follows Linux standards as closely as
+ possible. The primary standards are:
+
+
+
+ The
+ Single UNIX Specification Version 3 (POSIX). Note:
+ Free registratration is required.
+
+
+ Filesystem
+ Hierarcy Standard (FHS)
+
+
+
+ Linux
+ Standard Base (LSB) Core Specification 4.0
+
+ The LSB has five separate standards: Core, C++, Desktop,
+ Runtime Languages, and Printing. In addition to generic requirements
+ there are also architecture specific requirements. LFS attempts to
+ conform to the architectures discussed in the previous section.
+
+ Many people do not agree with the requirements of LSB. The
+ main purpose of defining it is to ensure that proprietary software will
+ be able to be installed and run properly on a compliant system. Since LFS
+ is source based, the user has complete control over what packages are
+ desired and many choose not to install some packages that are specified
+ by the LSB.
+
+
+
+
+ Creating a complete LFS system capable of passing the LSB
+ certifications tests is possible, but not without many additional ipackages
+ that are beyond the scope of LFS. Most of these additional packages have
+ intallation instructions in BLFS.
+
+
+
+
+ Why is each package in the book?
+
+ As stated earlier, the goal of LFS is to build a complete and usable
+ foundation-level system. This includes all packages needed to replicate
+ itself while providing a relativly minimal base from which to customize
+ a more complete system based on the choices of the user. This does not
+ mean that LFS is the smallest system possible. Several important packages
+ are included that are not strictly required. The lists below document the
+ rationale for each package int he book.
+
+
+
+
+
+ Autoconf
+
+ This package contains programs for producing shell scripts that
+ can automatically configure source code from a developer's
+ template. It is often needed to rebuild a package after updates
+ to the build procedures.
+
+
+
+ Automake
+
+ This package contains programs for generating Make files from
+ a template. It is often needed to rebuild a package after updates
+ to the build procedures.
+
+
+
+ Bash
+
+ This package satifies an LSB core requirement to provide
+ a Bourne Shell interface to the system. It was chosen over
+ other shell packages bacause of its common usage and extensive
+ capabilities beyond basic shell functions.
+
+
+
+ Binutils
+
+ This package package contains a linker, an assembler, and other
+ tools for handling object files. It contains programs required by
+ LSB core.
+
+
+
+
+ Bison
+
+ This package contains the GNU version of yacc (Yet Another
+ Compiler Compiler) needed to build several other LFS programs.
+
+
+
+
+ Bzip2
+
+ This package contains programs for compressing and decompressing
+ files. It is required to decompress many LFS packages.
+
+
+
+ Coreutils
+
+ This package contains a number of essential programs for viewing
+ and manipulating files and directories. It also contains programs
+ required by LSB core.
+
+
+
+
+ DejaGNU
+
+ This package contains a framework for testing other programs.
+ It is only installed in the temporary toolchain.
+
+
+
+ Diffutils
+
+ This package contains programs that show the differences
+ between files or directories. It contains programs required by
+ LSB core.
+
+
+
+ Expect
+
+ This package contains a program for carrying out scripted
+ dialogues with other interactive programs. It is commonly used
+ for testing other packages. It is only installed in the temporary
+ toolchain.
+
+
+
+ E2fsprogs
+
+ This package contains the utilities for handling the ext2, ext3
+ and ext4 file systems. These are the most common and thouroughly
+ tested file systems that Linux supports.
+
+
+
+ File
+
+ This package contains a utility for determining the type of a
+ given file or files. It is required by LSB core.
+
+
+
+ Findutils
+
+ This package contains programs to find files in a file system.
+ They are required by LSB core.
+
+
+
+ Flex
+
+ This package contains a utility for generating programs that
+ recognize patterns in text. It is the GNU version of the lex
+ (lexical analyzer) program. It is required to build several
+ LFS packages.
+
+
+
+ Gawk
+
+ This package contains programs for manipulating text files.
+ It is the GNU version of awk (Aho-Weinberg-Kernighan) that
+ is required by LSB core.
+
+
+
+ Gcc
+
+ This package is the Gnu Compiler Collection. It contains the
+ C and C++ compilers as well as several others not built by LFS. It
+ also contins the standard C++ libraries required by the LSB
+ C++ standard.
+
+
+
+ GDBM
+
+ This package contains the GNU Database Manager library. It
+ is used by one other LFS packages.
+
+
+
+
+ Gettext
+
+ This package contains utilities and libraries for
+ internationalization and localization of numerous packages.
+
+
+
+
+ Glibc
+
+ This package contains the main C library. Linux programs would
+ not run without it.
+
+
+
+ GMP
+
+ This package package contains math libraries and have
+ useful functions for arbitrary precision arithmetic. It
+ is required to build Gcc.
+
+
+
+ Grep
+
+ This package contains programs for searching through files.
+ It is required by LSB core.
+
+
+
+ Groff
+
+ This package contains programs for processing and formatting text.
+ One important function of these programs is to format man pages.
+
+
+
+
+ GRUB
+
+ This package is the Grand Unified Boot Loader. It is one
+ of several boot loaders available, but is the most flexible.
+
+
+
+
+ Gzip
+
+ This package contains programs for compressing and
+ decompressing files. It is required by LSB core.
+
+
+
+
+ Iana-etc
+
+ This package provides data for network services and protocols.
+ It is needed to enable proper networking capabilities.
+
+
+
+
+ Inetutils
+
+ This package contains programs for basic network
+ administration.
+
+
+
+
+ IProute2
+
+ This package contains programs for basic and advanced IPv4 and
+ IPv6 networking. It was chosen over the other common network
+ tools package (net-tools) for its IPv6 capabilities.
+
+
+
+ Kbd
+
+ This package contains key-table files and keyboard utilities
+ for non-US keyboards.
+
+
+
+ Less
+
+ This package contains a very nice text file viewer that
+ allows scolling up or down when viewing a file.
+
+
+
+
+ Libtool
+
+ This package contains the GNU generic library support
+ script. It wraps the complexity of using shared libraries in a
+ consistent, portable interface. It us needed by the test
+ suites in other LFS packages.
+
+
+
+
+ Linux Kernel
+
+ This package is the Operating Ststem. It is the Linux in
+ the GNU/Linux environment.
+
+
+
+
+ M4
+
+ This package contains a general text macro processor. It is
+ required by LSB core.
+
+
+
+
+ Make
+
+ This package contains a program for directing the building
+ of packages. It is required by almost every package in LFS.
+
+
+
+
+ Man-DB
+
+ This package contains programs for finding and viewing man pages.
+ It was chosen instead of the man package
+ due to superior internationalization capabilities. It supplies
+ the man program required by LSB core.
+
+
+
+ Man-pages
+
+ This package contains the actual contents of the basic
+ Linux man pages.
+
+
+
+ Module-Init-Tools
+
+ This package contains programs needed to administer Linux
+ kernel modules.
+
+
+
+ MPFR
+
+ This package contains functions for multiple precision
+ arithmetic. It is required by Gcc.
+
+
+
+
+ Ncurses
+
+ This package contains libraries for terminal-independent
+ handling of character screens. It is often used to provide
+ cursor control for a menuing system. It provides libraries required
+ by LSB core.
+
+
+
+ Patch
+
+ This package a program for modifying or creating files by
+ applying a patch file typically created
+ by the diff program. It is needed by
+ the build procedure for several LFS packages.
+
+
+
+ Perl
+
+ This package is an interpreter for the runtime language
+ PERL. It is required by the LSB Runtime Languages standard.
+
+
+
+
+ Pkg-config
+
+ This package contains a tool for passing the include path
+ and/or library paths to build tools during the configure and make
+ processes. It is needed by many LFS packages.
+
+
+
+ Procps
+
+ This package contains programs for monitoring processes.
+ It contains programs required by LSB core.
+
+
+
+ Psmisc
+
+ This package contains programs for displaying information
+ about running processes. It contains programs required by LSB
+ core.
+
+
+
+ Readline
+
+ This package is a set of libraries that offers command-line
+ editing and history capabilities. It is used by Bash.
+
+
+
+ Sed
+
+ This package allows editing of text without opening it in a
+ text editor. It is also needed by most LFS packages' configure
+ scripts. It is required by LSB core.
+
+
+
+ Shadow
+
+ This package contains programs for handling passwords
+ in a secure way. It provides programs required by LSB core.
+
+
+
+
+ Sysklogd
+
+ This package contains programs for logging system messages,
+ such as those given by the kernel or daemon processes when unusual
+ events occur.
+
+
+
+
+ Sysvinit
+
+ This package provides the init
+ program which it the parent of all other processes on the Linux
+ system.
+
+
+
+ Tar
+
+ This package provides archiving and extraction capabilities
+ of virtually all packages used in LFS. It is required by
+ LSB core.
+
+
+
+ Tcl
+
+ This package contains the Tool Command Language used
+ in many testsuites in LFS packages. It is only installed in
+ the temporary toolchain.
+
+
+
+ Texinfo
+
+ This package contains programs for reading, writing, and
+ converting info pages. It is used in the installation
+ procedures of many LFS packages.
+
+
+
+ Udev
+
+ This package contains programs for dynamic creation of
+ device nodes. It is an alternative to creating thousands of
+ static devices in the /dev directory.
+
+
+
+
+ Util-linux-ng
+
+ This package contains miscellaneous utility programs.
+ Among them are utilities for handling file systems, consoles,
+ partitions, and messages. It contains programs required by
+ LSB core.
+
+
+
+ Vim
+
+ This package an editor. It was chosen because its compatibility
+ with the classic vi editor and its huge number of powerful
+ capabilities. An editor is a very personal choice for
+ many users and any other editor could be substituted if desired.
+
+
+
+
+ Zlib
+
+ This package contains compression and decompression routines
+ used by some programs. It is required by LSB core.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+