diff --git a/chapter01/changelog.xml b/chapter01/changelog.xml index 3f7def9b1..510d48b0b 100644 --- a/chapter01/changelog.xml +++ b/chapter01/changelog.xml @@ -36,6 +36,18 @@ --> + + April 14, 2006 + + + [manuel] - Changed typography convections. From now, + eplaceable text is encamsulated inside < $gt:, optional text + inside [ ], and libraries extensions inside { }. Thanks to + Bruce Dubbs for submint the patch. + + + + April 13, 2006 diff --git a/chapter02/creatingfilesystem.xml b/chapter02/creatingfilesystem.xml index 4e7346b20..d9587d20f 100644 --- a/chapter02/creatingfilesystem.xml +++ b/chapter02/creatingfilesystem.xml @@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ To create an ext2 file system on the LFS partition, run the following: -mke2fs -v /dev/[xxx] +mke2fs -v /dev/<xxx> - Replace [xxx] with the name of the LFS + Replace <xxx> with the name of the LFS partition (hda5 in our previous example). @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ features, upgrade your e2fsprogs. To check if your host system uses custom enhancements, run the following command: -debugfs -R feature /dev/[xxx] +debugfs -R feature /dev/<xxx> If the output contains features other than: ; ; ; @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ mkdir -v build cd build ../configure make #note that we intentionally don't 'make install' here! -./misc/mke2fs -v /dev/[xxx] +./misc/mke2fs -v /dev/<xxx> cd /tmp rm -rfv e2fsprogs-&e2fsprogs-version; @@ -61,9 +61,9 @@ rm -rfv e2fsprogs-&e2fsprogs-version; If you are using an existing swap partition, there is no need to format it. -mkswap /dev/[yyy] +mkswap /dev/<yyy> - Replace [yyy] with the name of the + Replace <yyy> with the name of the swap partition. diff --git a/chapter02/mounting.xml b/chapter02/mounting.xml index 67f786203..2d081fc79 100644 --- a/chapter02/mounting.xml +++ b/chapter02/mounting.xml @@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ running: mkdir -pv $LFS -mount -v /dev/[xxx] $LFS +mount -v /dev/<xxx> $LFS - Replace [xxx] with the designation of the LFS + Replace <xxx> with the designation of the LFS partition. If using multiple partitions for LFS (e.g., one for [xxx] $LFS class="directory">/usr), mount them using: mkdir -pv $LFS -mount -v /dev/[xxx] $LFS +mount -v /dev/<xxx> $LFS mkdir -v $LFS/usr -mount -v /dev/[yyy] $LFS/usr +mount -v /dev/<yyy> $LFS/usr - Replace [xxx] and - [yyy] with the appropriate partition + Replace <xxx> and + <yyy> with the appropriate partition names. Ensure that this new partition is not mounted with permissions that diff --git a/chapter06/binutils.xml b/chapter06/binutils.xml index 0d1184ebf..3ee411059 100644 --- a/chapter06/binutils.xml +++ b/chapter06/binutils.xml @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ cd ../binutils-build addr2line, ar, as, c++filt, gprof, ld, nm, objcopy, objdump, ranlib, readelf, size, strings, and strip - libiberty.a, libbfd.[a,so], and libopcodes.[a,so] + libiberty.a, libbfd.{a,so}, and libopcodes.{a,so} diff --git a/chapter06/bzip2.xml b/chapter06/bzip2.xml index 4fd91d3d8..5fb3498a5 100644 --- a/chapter06/bzip2.xml +++ b/chapter06/bzip2.xml @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ ln -sv bzip2 /bin/bzcat bunzip2 (link to bzip2), bzcat (link to bzip2), bzcmp, bzdiff, bzegrep, bzfgrep, bzgrep, bzip2, bzip2recover, bzless, and bzmore - libbz2.[a,so] + libbz2.{a,so} diff --git a/chapter06/db.xml b/chapter06/db.xml index 7d2f4a498..c15f2ef52 100644 --- a/chapter06/db.xml +++ b/chapter06/db.xml @@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ chown -Rv root:root /usr/share/doc/db-&db-version; db_archive, db_checkpoint, db_deadlock, db_dump, db_hotbackup, db_load, db_printlog, db_recover, db_stat, db_upgrade, and db_verify - libdb.[so,a] and libdb_cxx.[so,a] + libdb.{so,ar}and libdb_cxx.r{o,ar} @@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ chown -Rv root:root /usr/share/doc/db-&db-version; - libdb.[so,a] + libdb.{so,a} Contains functions to manipulate database files from C programs @@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ chown -Rv root:root /usr/share/doc/db-&db-version; - libdb_cxx.[so,a] + libdb_cxx.{so,a} Contains functions to manipulate database files from C++ programs diff --git a/chapter06/e2fsprogs.xml b/chapter06/e2fsprogs.xml index 60c1cc5a6..896ca4ae3 100644 --- a/chapter06/e2fsprogs.xml +++ b/chapter06/e2fsprogs.xml @@ -125,8 +125,8 @@ cd build e2image, e2label, findfs, fsck, fsck.ext2, fsck.ext3, logsave, lsattr, mk_cmds, mke2fs, mkfs.ext2, mkfs.ext3, mklost+found, resize2fs, tune2fs, and uuidgen. - libblkid.[a,so], libcom_err.[a,so], libe2p.[a,so], - libext2fs.[a,so], libss.[a,so], and libuuid.[a,so] + libblkid.{a,so}, libcom_err.{a,so}, libe2p.{a,so}, + libext2fs.{a,so}, libss.{a,so}, and libuuid.{a,so} diff --git a/chapter06/file.xml b/chapter06/file.xml index 2fb0f3f3b..ea3721a36 100644 --- a/chapter06/file.xml +++ b/chapter06/file.xml @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ file - libmagic.[a,so] + libmagic.{a,so} diff --git a/chapter06/gcc.xml b/chapter06/gcc.xml index fac78f1c1..74fec55b2 100644 --- a/chapter06/gcc.xml +++ b/chapter06/gcc.xml @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ cd ../gcc-build c++, cc (link to gcc), cpp, g++, gcc, gccbug, and gcov - libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a, libgcc_s.so, libstdc++.[a,so], and + libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a, libgcc_s.so, libstdc++.{a,so}, and libsupc++.a diff --git a/chapter06/gettext.xml b/chapter06/gettext.xml index 0c88354c4..3067910ed 100644 --- a/chapter06/gettext.xml +++ b/chapter06/gettext.xml @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ gettextize, hostname, msgattrib, msgcat, msgcmp, msgcomm, msgconv, msgen, msgexec, msgfilter, msgfmt, msggrep, msginit, msgmerge, msgunfmt, msguniq, ngettext, and xgettext - libasprintf.[a,so], libgettextlib.so, libgettextpo.[a,so], and + libasprintf.{a,so}, libgettextlib.so, libgettextpo.{a,so}, and libgettextsrc.so diff --git a/chapter06/glibc.xml b/chapter06/glibc.xml index dfab1c2a5..f09ce9daa 100644 --- a/chapter06/glibc.xml +++ b/chapter06/glibc.xml @@ -271,10 +271,10 @@ EOF Canada/Eastern). Then create the /etc/localtime file by running: -cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/[xxx] \ +cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/$lt;xxx> \ /etc/localtime - Replace [xxx] with the name of the time zone + Replace <xxx> with the name of the time zone that tzselect provided (e.g., Canada/Eastern). @@ -342,13 +342,13 @@ EOF ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, nscd_nischeck, pcprofiledump, pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace, zdump, and zic - ld.so, libBrokenLocale.[a,so], libSegFault.so, libanl.[a,so], - libbsd-compat.a, libc.[a,so], libcidn.so, libcrypt.[a,so], libdl.[a,so], - libg.a, libieee.a, libm.[a,so], libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.a, + ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so}, + libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libcidn.so, libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, + libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so}, libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.a, libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, - libnss_nis.so, libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.[a,so], - libresolv.[a,so], librpcsvc.a, librt.[a,so], libthread_db.so, and - libutil.[a,so] + libnss_nis.so, libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so}, + libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so}, libthread_db.so, and + libutil.{a,so} diff --git a/chapter06/groff.xml b/chapter06/groff.xml index 21166ba88..6e1d0d0cc 100644 --- a/chapter06/groff.xml +++ b/chapter06/groff.xml @@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ Prepare Groff for compilation: -PAGE=[paper_size] ./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-multibyte +PAGE=<paper_size> ./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-multibyte Compile the package: diff --git a/chapter06/iproute2.xml b/chapter06/iproute2.xml index fdf93aa08..21bf91f71 100644 --- a/chapter06/iproute2.xml +++ b/chapter06/iproute2.xml @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ The main executable. It has several different functions: - ip link [device] + ip link <device> allows users to look at the state of devices and to make changes ip addr allows users to look at addresses and diff --git a/chapter06/libtool.xml b/chapter06/libtool.xml index 6d554cf48..27e95d3bb 100644 --- a/chapter06/libtool.xml +++ b/chapter06/libtool.xml @@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ libtool and libtoolize - libltdl.[a,so] + libltdl.{a,so} diff --git a/chapter06/man-db.xml b/chapter06/man-db.xml index 17b05259b..44f3c79ed 100644 --- a/chapter06/man-db.xml +++ b/chapter06/man-db.xml @@ -296,8 +296,8 @@ install -m755 convert-mans /usr/bin If upstream distributes the manual pages in the same encoding as Man-DB expects, the manual pages can be copied to - /usr/share/man/[language - code]. E.g., French manual pages + /usr/share/man/<language + code>. E.g., French manual pages () can be installed with the following command: diff --git a/chapter06/ncurses.xml b/chapter06/ncurses.xml index a8ec143c3..25f1524be 100644 --- a/chapter06/ncurses.xml +++ b/chapter06/ncurses.xml @@ -165,9 +165,9 @@ cp -av lib/lib*.so.5* /usr/lib captoinfo (link to tic), clear, infocmp, infotocap (link to tic), reset (link to tset), tack, tic, toe, tput, and tset - libcursesw.[a,so] (symlink and linker script to libncursesw.[a,so]), - libformw.[a,so], libmenuw.[a,so], libncurses++w.a, libncursesw.[a,so], - libpanelw.[a,so] and their non-wide-character counterparts without "w" + libcursesw.{a,so} (symlink and linker script to libncursesw.{a,so}), + libformw.{a,so}, libmenuw.{a,so}, libncurses++w.a, libncursesw.{a,so}, + libpanelw.{a,so} and their non-wide-character counterparts without "w" in the library names. diff --git a/chapter06/readline.xml b/chapter06/readline.xml index 7a434e58d..6a18282d2 100644 --- a/chapter06/readline.xml +++ b/chapter06/readline.xml @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ ln -sfv ../../lib/libhistory.so.5 /usr/lib/libhistory.so Installed libraries - libhistory.[a,so], and libreadline.[a,so] + libhistory.{a,so}, and libreadline.{a,so} diff --git a/chapter06/shadow.xml b/chapter06/shadow.xml index 1ce93107d..6ef44b66f 100644 --- a/chapter06/shadow.xml +++ b/chapter06/shadow.xml @@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ ln -sfv ../../lib/libshadow.so.0 /usr/lib/libshadow.so logoutd, newgrp, newusers, passwd, pwck, pwconv, pwunconv, sg (link to newgrp), su, useradd, userdel, usermod, vigr (link to vipw), and vipw - libshadow.[a,so] + libshadow.{a,so} diff --git a/chapter06/zlib.xml b/chapter06/zlib.xml index 14dbbdbbe..1ea5f3fea 100644 --- a/chapter06/zlib.xml +++ b/chapter06/zlib.xml @@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ make Installed libraries - libz.[a,so] + libz.{a,so} diff --git a/chapter07/hostname.xml b/chapter07/hostname.xml index 7515d6a03..26f1e20b3 100644 --- a/chapter07/hostname.xml +++ b/chapter07/hostname.xml @@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ Create the /etc/sysconfig/network file and enter a hostname by running: -echo "HOSTNAME=[lfs]" > /etc/sysconfig/network +echo "HOSTNAME=<lfs>" > /etc/sysconfig/network - [lfs] needs to be replaced with the name given + <lfs> needs to be replaced with the name given to the computer. Do not enter the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) here. That information will be put in the /etc/hosts file in the next section. diff --git a/chapter07/hosts.xml b/chapter07/hosts.xml index 0b196cefd..e51aa37be 100644 --- a/chapter07/hosts.xml +++ b/chapter07/hosts.xml @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ fully-qualified domain name (FQDN), and possible aliases for use in the /etc/hosts file. The syntax is: -<IP address> myhost.example.org aliases +IP_address myhost.example.org aliases Unless the computer is to be visible to the Internet (i.e., there is a registered domain and a valid block of assigned IP @@ -54,16 +54,17 @@ # Begin /etc/hosts (network card version) 127.0.0.1 localhost -[192.168.1.1] [<HOSTNAME>.example.org] [HOSTNAME] +<192.168.1.1> <HOSTNAME.example.org> [alias1] [alias2 ...] # End /etc/hosts (network card version) EOF - The [192.168.1.1] and - [<HOSTNAME>.example.org] + The <192.168.1.1> and + <HOSTNAME.example.org> values need to be changed for specific users or requirements (if assigned an IP address by a network/system administrator and the - machine will be connected to an existing network). + machine will be connected to an existing network). The optional alias + name(s) can be omitted. If a network card is not going to be configured, create the /etc/hosts file by running: @@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ EOF cat > /etc/hosts << "EOF" # Begin /etc/hosts (no network card version) -127.0.0.1 [<HOSTNAME>.example.org] [HOSTNAME] localhost +127.0.0.1 <HOSTNAME.example.org> <HOSTNAME> localhost # End /etc/hosts (no network card version) EOF diff --git a/chapter07/network.xml b/chapter07/network.xml index ac6082271..8ae1399ca 100644 --- a/chapter07/network.xml +++ b/chapter07/network.xml @@ -139,14 +139,14 @@ EOF cat > /etc/resolv.conf << "EOF" # Begin /etc/resolv.conf -domain {[Your Domain Name]} -nameserver [IP address of your primary nameserver] -nameserver [IP address of your secondary nameserver] +domain {<Your Domain Name>} +nameserver <IP address of your primary nameserver> +nameserver <IP address of your secondary nameserver> # End /etc/resolv.conf EOF - Replace [IP address of the nameserver] + Replace <IP address of the nameserver> with the IP address of the DNS most appropriate for the setup. There will often be more than one entry (requirements demand secondary servers for fallback capability). If you only need or want one DNS server, remove the diff --git a/chapter07/profile.xml b/chapter07/profile.xml index e2748d9df..9255ef81c 100644 --- a/chapter07/profile.xml +++ b/chapter07/profile.xml @@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ makes Bash and Readline use the /etc/inputrc file created earlier. - Replace [ll] below with the two-letter code + Replace <ll> below with the two-letter code for the desired language (e.g., en) and - [CC] with the two-letter code for the appropriate - country (e.g., GB). [charmap] should + <CC> with the two-letter code for the appropriate + country (e.g., GB). <charmap> should be replaced with the canonical charmap for your chosen locale. Optional modifiers such as @euro may also be present. @@ -83,11 +83,11 @@ that UTF-8 is written as UTF-8, not utf8), so it is safest in most cases to choose the canonical name for a particular locale. To determine - the canonical name, run the following command, where [locale - name] is the output given by locale -a for + the canonical name, run the following command, where <locale + name> is the output given by locale -a for your preferred locale (en_GB.iso88591 in our example). -LC_ALL=[locale name] locale charmap +LC_ALL=<locale name> locale charmap For the en_GB.iso88591 locale, the above command will print: @@ -98,11 +98,11 @@ It is important that the locale found using the heuristic above is tested prior to it being added to the Bash startup files: -LC_ALL=[locale name] locale country -LC_ALL=[locale name] locale language -LC_ALL=[locale name] locale charmap -LC_ALL=[locale name] locale int_curr_symbol -LC_ALL=[locale name] locale int_prefix +LC_ALL=<locale name> locale country +LC_ALL=<locale name> locale language +LC_ALL=<locale name> locale charmap +LC_ALL=<locale name> locale int_curr_symbol +LC_ALL=<locale name> locale int_prefix The above commands should print the country and language names, the character encoding used by the locale, the local currency and the prefix to dial @@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ LC_ALL=[locale name] locale int_prefix cat > /etc/profile << "EOF" # Begin /etc/profile -export LANG=[ll]_[CC].[charmap][@modifiers] +export LANG=<ll>_<CC>.<charmap><@modifiers> export INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc # End /etc/profile diff --git a/chapter07/usage.xml b/chapter07/usage.xml index 991cf55dc..6e2bab32f 100644 --- a/chapter07/usage.xml +++ b/chapter07/usage.xml @@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ 6: reboot the computer The command used to change run-levels is init - [runlevel], where - [runlevel] is the target run-level. For example, to + <runlevel>, where + <runlevel> is the target run-level. For example, to reboot the computer, a user could issue the init 6 command, which is an alias for the reboot command. Likewise, init 0 is an alias for the halt diff --git a/chapter08/fstab.xml b/chapter08/fstab.xml index fb7961346..fa834d374 100644 --- a/chapter08/fstab.xml +++ b/chapter08/fstab.xml @@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ # file system mount-point type options dump fsck # order -/dev/[xxx] / [fff] defaults 1 1 -/dev/[yyy] swap swap pri=1 0 0 +/dev/<xxx> / <fff> defaults 1 1 +/dev/<yyy> swap swap pri=1 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=4,mode=620 0 0 @@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ shm /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 # End /etc/fstab EOF - Replace [xxx], - [yyy], and [fff] + Replace <xxx>, + <yyy>, and <fff> with the values appropriate for the system, for example, hda2, hda5, and - - + + diff --git a/prologue/typography.xml b/prologue/typography.xml index ddafff780..ab884840d 100644 --- a/prologue/typography.xml +++ b/prologue/typography.xml @@ -49,10 +49,14 @@ EOF is encountered. Therefore, this entire section is generally typed as seen. - [REPLACED TEXT] + <REPLACED TEXT> This format is used to encapsulate text that is not to be typed - as seen or copied-and-pasted. + as seen or for copy-and-paste operations. + + [OPTIONAL TEXT] + + This format is used to encapsulate text that is optional. passwd(5) @@ -70,8 +74,8 @@ EOF /usr/share/man/man1/passwd.1. For this example, you will need to run man 5 passwd in order to read the specific page being referred to. It should be noted that most man pages do not have duplicate - page names in different sections. Therefore, man [program - name] is generally sufficient. + page names in different sections. Therefore, man <program + name> is generally sufficient.