mirror of
https://git.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs.git
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79 lines
3.3 KiB
XML
79 lines
3.3 KiB
XML
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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]>
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<sect1 id="ch-scripts-profile">
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<title>The Bash Shell Startup Files</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="profile.html"?>
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<para>The shell program <filename>/bin/bash</filename> (hereafter
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referred to as just "the shell") uses a collection of startup files to
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help create an environment to run in. Each file has a specific use and
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may affect login and interactive environments differently. The files in
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the <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> directory generally provide global
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settings. If an equivalent file exists in your home directory it may
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override the global settings.
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</para>
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<para>An interactive login shell is started after a successful login, using
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<filename>/bin/login</filename>, by reading the
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<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file. An
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interactive non-login shell is started at the command-line (e.g.
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<prompt>[prompt]$</prompt><command>/bin/bash</command>). A non-interactive
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shell is usually present when a shell script is running. It is non-interactive
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because it is processing a script and not waiting for user input between
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commands.</para>
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<para>For more information see <command>info bash</command> --
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<emphasis role="strong">Nodes: Bash Startup Files and Interactive
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Shells.</emphasis></para>
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<para>The files <filename>/etc/profile</filename> and
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<filename>~/.bash_profile</filename> are read when the shell is invoked
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as an interactive login shell.</para>
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<para>A base <filename>/etc/profile</filename> created below only sets some
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environment variables necessary for Bash to accept keystrokes properly,
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even in non-English locale. Replace "ll" with the
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two-letter code for your language (e.g. "en") and
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"CC" with the two-letter code for your country
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(e.g. "GB"). Also you may need to specify
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(and this is actually the preferred form) your
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character encoding (e.g. "iso8859-1") after a dot (so that the result
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is "en_GB.iso8859-1").
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Issue the following command for more information:</para>
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<screen><userinput>man 3 setlocale</userinput></screen>
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<para>The list of all locales supported by glibc can be obtained by running
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the following command:</para>
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<screen><userinput>locale -a</userinput></screen>
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<para>Now, when you are sure about your locale settings, create the
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<filename>/etc/profile</filename> file:</para>
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<screen><userinput>cat > /etc/profile << "EOF"
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# Begin /etc/profile
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# Written for Linux From Scratch
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# by Alexander E. Patrakov
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export LC_ALL=ll_CC
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export LANG=ll_CC
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export INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc
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# End /etc/profile
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>Setting the keyboard layout,
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the screen font and the locale-related environment variables
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are the only internationalization steps needed to support
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locales that use ordinary single-byte encodings and left-to-right
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writing direction. More complex cases (including UTF-8 based locales)
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require additional steps and additional patches because many applications
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tend to break in such conditions. Because of too little educational
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value for a typical reader, these steps and patches are not included
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in the LFS book and such locales are not supported by LFS in any way.
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</para>
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</sect1>
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