feat(print): 1:1 TIFF raster loader and headless page canvas (#201 Phase 3)

TargetRasterLoader decodes printtarg TIFFs via ImageIO and re-tags
into DeviceGray/DeviceRGB/DeviceCMYK around the decoder's own
dataProvider — no resample, no bit-depth change (D10). Skip-only
alpha padding (noneSkipLast/First, which ImageIO emits for opaque
RGB TIFFs) is accepted; real coverage alpha, indexed, float and
non-1/3/4-component layouts are rejected as unsupportedLayout.
DPI metadata drives pointSize (px/dpi*72) with a 72 dpi fallback +
warn; manifestDrift reports >0.5 mm disagreement with the printtarg
manifest (D9).

TargetPageCanvasView is the headless flipped canvas NSPrintOperation
paginates: rectForPage stacks pages top-down, destinationRect anchors
1:1 at the page's top-left snapped to 0.001 pt, and draw() forces
interpolation/antialias/font-smoothing off per page with a drawProbe
seam for tests.

PDF harness (NativeSpoolPDFTests, skippable via ICCERY_SKIP_PRINT_PDF=1)
ran on this host: run() -> true, 2 pages at A4 media box, and the
fixture's 72 pt patch verified 1:1 at the painted top-left (printer
unprintable-margin offset tolerated per R10).

AGENTS.md

@@ -50,6 +50,27 @@ bump `project.yml` on `develop` before tagging. CI needs `fetch-depth: 0`.
 `develop` ← `milestone/mN-<name>` ← `feat/<issue#>-<slug>`.
 PRs via Gitea MCP. Every issue/PR: `Project/ICCery-v2` + `Feature/*` or `Bug/*` + `Priority/*`.
 
+## Issue ticket style
+- Title: `[Kind/Priority] short description` — e.g. `[Bug/Critical] …`, `[Feature/Medium] …`.
+- Labels: `Kind/Bug` or `Kind/Feature` (also `Kind/Testing` for test work),
+  one `Bug/<area>` or `Feature/<area>` (Architecture/Backend/UI/DevOps),
+  one `Priority/*`, plus `Project/ICCery-v2`. Set the milestone when the work
+  belongs to an active `mN` milestone.
+- Bug bodies: `## Summary` → `## Root Cause Analysis` (file:line evidence;
+  note checked-and-dismissed hypotheses) → `## Proposed Fix` (options or
+  deterministic plan) → `## Acceptance Criteria` (checkbox list) →
+  `## Dependencies` → `## References`.
+- Feature bodies: same skeleton minus Root Cause; lead with Summary and a
+  concrete implementation plan.
+- Dependencies/blockers must **always** be recorded via the gitea MCP
+  `issue_write` methods (`add_dependency`, `block_issue`; reads via
+  `issue_read` `list_dependencies` / `list_blocks` — see "Gitea issue
+  dependencies"), not just mentioned in the body. This is
+  mandatory when issues share a milestone with an implementation order:
+  wire up `add_dependency` (blocked-by) and `block_issue` (blocks) links so
+  the order is machine-readable. The `## Dependencies` body section may
+  still summarise them for readability, but the MCP links are authoritative.
+
 ## Verify
 ```
 xcodebuild test -scheme ICCery -destination 'platform=macOS' ARCHS="$(uname -m)"

BUILD-PLAN.md

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Hardware gates block *release of that sprint*, not filing, and not starting codi
 | M11 | Printer settings completeness & dialog binding | 183, 180, 181, 186 | Quality/media/paper caps parse + `LpArgs` emit + picker UI smoke + panel capture-return | Real Epson: 7 `EPIJ_Qual` options; real Canon Pro9500: English media labels; dialog bound to non-default queue with paper/quality/media/orientation preselected; captured settings reach `lp` argv |
 | Later | Quartz / TargetPrint | 16 | `ICCeryPrintKit` standalone + seam test | 1:1 on paper vs TIFF |
 
-M8–M10 are merged to `develop`; M11 assembles on `milestone/m11-print-settings` from `736fd08`.
+M8–M11 are merged to `develop`; M11 shipped via PR #199 (hardware gate passed on real Epson XP-55 / Canon Pro9500 II).
 
 Issue **16 is not an M3, M6, M10, or M11 exit gate.**
 

Packages/ICCeryCore/Sources/ICCeryCore/Print/CupsParsers.swift

@@ -174,8 +174,13 @@ public enum CupsParsers {
 
     /// PPD `*<key> <id>/<Human Label>:` lines → `id → label` map.
     /// Language-qualified forms (`*en_US.<key> id/Label:`) also match.
+    /// Precedence is deterministic, not positional (#181): unqualified
+    /// `*Key` > `en_US.` > `en.` > first-qualified-seen, so a trailing
+    /// locale block (Canon `th.CNIJMediaType`) can never overwrite the
+    /// base English labels — and a qualified-only id still gets its
+    /// first-seen qualified label (R9).
     public static func ppdChoiceLabels(_ ppd: String, key: String) -> [String: String] {
-        var map: [String: String] = [:]
+        var hits: [String: [(qualifier: String?, label: String)]] = [:]
         for rawLine in ppd.split(separator: "\n") {
             var line = rawLine.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
             guard line.hasPrefix("*"), !line.hasPrefix("**") else { continue }
@@ -183,7 +188,9 @@ public enum CupsParsers {
             // Optional locale qualifier: `en_US.InputSlot` → `InputSlot`.
             // Only strip when the part before the first `.` looks like
             // a locale (short `xx`/`xx_YY`); real keys containing dots
-            // are left alone.
+            // are left alone. The qualifier is recorded for precedence
+            // rather than dropped (#181).
+            var qualifier: String?
             if let dot = line.firstIndex(of: ".") {
                 let prefix = line[..<dot]
                 let looksLikeLocale = (2...5).contains(prefix.count)
@@ -191,6 +198,7 @@ public enum CupsParsers {
                     && (prefix.count == 2 || prefix.contains("_"))
                 let candidate = line[line.index(after: dot)...]
                 if looksLikeLocale && candidate.hasPrefix(key) {
+                    qualifier = prefix.lowercased()
                     line = String(candidate)
                 }
             }
@@ -201,15 +209,50 @@ public enum CupsParsers {
             rest = String(rest[..<colon])
             // `<id>/<Human label>` — human label after the last `/`.
             guard let slash = rest.firstIndex(of: "/") else { continue }
-            let id = String(rest[..<slash])
+            let id = ppdUnescape(String(rest[..<slash])
-                .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
+                .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces))
-            let human = String(rest[rest.index(after: slash)...])
+            let human = ppdUnescape(String(rest[rest.index(after: slash)...])
-                .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
+                .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces))
-            if !id.isEmpty { map[id] = human.isEmpty ? id : human }
+            guard !id.isEmpty else { continue }
+            hits[id, default: []].append(
+                (qualifier, human.isEmpty ? id : human))
+        }
+        var map: [String: String] = [:]
+        for (id, candidates) in hits {
+            // First occurrence wins inside each qualifier class, in
+            // file order — same as the old sequential behaviour.
+            map[id] = candidates.first { $0.qualifier == nil }?.label
+                ?? candidates.first { $0.qualifier == "en_us" }?.label
+                ?? candidates.first { $0.qualifier == "en" }?.label
+                ?? candidates[0].label
         }
         return map
     }
 
+    /// PPD `<XX>` hex escapes → the literal byte (`<2F>` → `/`,
+    /// `<20>` → space). Anything that is not `<` + two hex digits +
+    /// `>` passes through untouched (#181).
+    private static func ppdUnescape(_ text: String) -> String {
+        var result = ""
+        var index = text.startIndex
+        while index < text.endIndex {
+            guard text[index] == "<",
+                  let hexEnd = text.index(
+                      index, offsetBy: 3, limitedBy: text.endIndex),
+                  hexEnd < text.endIndex, text[hexEnd] == ">",
+                  let byte = UInt8(
+                      text[text.index(after: index)..<hexEnd], radix: 16)
+            else {
+                result.append(text[index])
+                index = text.index(after: index)
+                continue
+            }
+            result.append(Character(UnicodeScalar(byte)))
+            index = text.index(after: hexEnd)
+        }
+        return result
+    }
+
     // MARK: - Detection (docs/11)
 
     /// Media-type option key in preference order — used both to read a
@@ -223,13 +266,20 @@ public enum CupsParsers {
     }
 
     /// Media type from a captured `key=value key=value` options string.
-    /// Prefers `MediaType`, then `EPIJ_Medi` (docs/11 §tests).
+    /// Prefers `MediaType` (docs/11 §tests), then the remaining roster
+    /// keys in detection order — `CNIJMediaType`, `EPIJ_Medi`,
+    /// `StpMediaType` (#186 capture-return).
     public static func extractMediaType(fromOptionsString options: String) -> String? {
         let pairs = lpoptions(options)
         if let v = pairs.first(where: { $0.key == "MediaType" })?.value {
             return v
         }
-        return pairs.first(where: { $0.key == "EPIJ_Medi" })?.value
+        for key in mediaTypeKeys where key != "MediaType" {
+            if let v = pairs.first(where: { $0.key == key })?.value {
+                return v
+            }
+        }
+        return nil
     }
 
     /// Print-quality option key in preference order — vendor-first,

Packages/ICCeryCore/Sources/ICCeryCore/Print/CupsService.swift

@@ -187,7 +187,11 @@ public struct CupsService: Sendable {
 
     private func loadPPD(for queue: String) -> String? {
         let url = ppdDir.appendingPathComponent("\(queue).ppd")
-        return try? String(contentsOf: url, encoding: .utf8)
+        // UTF-8 first — the Canon Thai labels are UTF-8 and a blanket
+        // Latin-1 read would mojibake them (#181, R10). Latin-1 only
+        // when UTF-8 decoding fails outright.
+        return (try? String(contentsOf: url, encoding: .utf8))
+            ?? (try? String(contentsOf: url, encoding: .isoLatin1))
     }
 
     // MARK: - Spawn

README.md

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ as AGPLv3 child processes. The GUI never `dlopen`s or links Argyll.
 | M8 | Deduplication contracts & UAT-ready hardening (#79–#86) — shipped |
 | M9 | macOS 12 / Xcode 14.2 retarget (PR #145) — shipped |
 | M10 | Studio workflow: media library (#146), gamut compare (#147), Spot Read (#148), project files (#149) — shipped on `develop` |
-| M11 | Printer settings completeness & dialog binding (#183, #180, #181, #186) — in flight on `milestone/m11-print-settings` |
+| M11 | Printer settings completeness & dialog binding (#183, #180, #181, #186) — shipped on `develop` (PR #199) |
 | Licence | Proprietary source in [`LICENCE.md`](LICENCE.md); bundled Argyll sidecars remain AGPLv3 |
 
 ## What it does
@@ -299,9 +299,9 @@ fix/<issue>-<slug>
 ```
 
 Open feature/fix PRs against **`develop`**. A `milestone/m…` integration
-branch is used only while that milestone is assembling — currently
+branch is used only while that milestone is assembling; `milestone/m10-studio`
-`milestone/m11-print-settings` (`milestone/m10-studio` was merged and
+and `milestone/m11-print-settings` have been merged (branches retained). Do
-deleted). Do not open umbrella “bugfix” branches that mix tickets.
+not open umbrella “bugfix” branches that mix tickets.
 
 `main` is push-protected and requires status check
 `macOS CI / build-and-test (push)`. Protected **file** patterns on `main`

Sources/ICCery/Print/PMTicketBridge.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,389 @@
+import AppKit
+import ApplicationServices
+import ICCeryCore
+
+/// Errors raised by Core Printing bridge operations.
+enum PMTicketError: LocalizedError, Equatable {
+    case printerUnknown(queue: String)
+    case sessionBindingFailed(OSStatus)
+    case serialiseFailed(stage: String, status: OSStatus)
+    case restoreFailed(stage: String, status: OSStatus)
+
+    var errorDescription: String? {
+        switch self {
+        case .printerUnknown(let queue):
+            return "No printer found for queue '\(queue)'."
+        case .sessionBindingFailed(let status):
+            return "Could not bind the print session to the queue (OSStatus \(status))."
+        case .serialiseFailed(let stage, let status):
+            return "Print ticket capture failed at \(stage) (OSStatus \(status))."
+        case .restoreFailed(let stage, let status):
+            return "Print ticket restore failed at \(stage) (OSStatus \(status))."
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Every Core Printing (`PM*`) call in ICCery lives here (#201 D12).
+///
+/// Ownership — the ONLY rules, do not improvise:
+/// * `PMPrinterCreateFromPrinterID`, `PMCreatePageFormatWithPMPaper`,
+///   `PMPrintSettingsCreateWithDataRepresentation`,
+///   `PMPageFormatCreateWithDataRepresentation` return **+1** →
+///   `PMRelease(object(_:))` on every path (`defer`).
+/// * `PM*CreateDataRepresentation` writes a **+1 CFData** →
+///   `takeRetainedValue()` (the headers say "the caller is responsible
+///   for releasing"; the out-param is not `CF_RETURNS_RETAINED`-annotated,
+///   so Swift hands back an unbalanced `Unmanaged`).
+/// * `PMPrinterGetPaperList`, `PMPaperGetID`, `PMPrinterGetID`,
+///   `PMPrintSettingsGetValue` are **borrowed** → `takeUnretainedValue()`,
+///   never released. `PMSessionGetCurrentPrinter` hands back the
+///   session's own printer — also borrowed, never `PMRelease`d (an
+///   over-release here dangles the session and crashes AppKit's
+///   `_printerInPrintSession` / session teardown).
+/// * `printInfo.pmPrintSession()/pmPrintSettings()/pmPageFormat()` are
+///   borrowed from the `NSPrintInfo` → never released.
+@MainActor
+enum PMTicketBridge {
+
+    // MARK: Handles
+
+    /// Borrowed `PMPrintSession` from the `NSPrintInfo` — never released.
+    static func session(_ printInfo: NSPrintInfo) -> PMPrintSession {
+        unsafeBitCast(printInfo.pmPrintSession(), to: PMPrintSession.self)
+    }
+
+    /// Borrowed `PMPrintSettings` from the `NSPrintInfo` — never released.
+    static func settings(_ printInfo: NSPrintInfo) -> PMPrintSettings {
+        unsafeBitCast(printInfo.pmPrintSettings(), to: PMPrintSettings.self)
+    }
+
+    /// Borrowed `PMPageFormat` from the `NSPrintInfo` — never released.
+    static func pageFormat(_ printInfo: NSPrintInfo) -> PMPageFormat {
+        unsafeBitCast(printInfo.pmPageFormat(), to: PMPageFormat.self)
+    }
+
+    /// Any `PM*` handle → `PMObject` for `PMRelease` — the Carbon API
+    /// wants `UnsafeRawPointer`, Swift imports handles as `OpaquePointer`.
+    static func object<Handle>(_ handle: Handle) -> PMObject {
+        unsafeBitCast(handle, to: PMObject.self)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: Binding  (layer ①)
+
+    /// `PMPrinterCreateFromPrinterID` — **+1**, caller must
+    /// `PMTicketBridge.release` on every path.
+    static func makePrinter(queue: String) -> PMPrinter? {
+        PMPrinterCreateFromPrinterID(queue as CFString)
+    }
+
+    /// Balances `makePrinter(queue:)` / any +1 PM handle.
+    static func release(_ printer: PMPrinter) {
+        PMRelease(object(printer))
+    }
+
+    /// `PMSessionSetCurrentPMPrinter` + session defaults (warn-only).
+    /// Throws `PMTicketError.sessionBindingFailed` when the bind itself
+    /// fails — the caller still owns `printer` on every path.
+    static func bind(printer: PMPrinter, to printInfo: NSPrintInfo) throws {
+        let session = session(printInfo)
+        let status = PMSessionSetCurrentPMPrinter(session, printer)
+        guard status == 0 else {
+            throw PMTicketError.sessionBindingFailed(status)
+        }
+        // Warn-only: defaults keep the panel consistent with the
+        // queue but are not fatal when they fail.
+        _ = PMSessionDefaultPrintSettings(session, settings(printInfo))
+        _ = PMSessionDefaultPageFormat(session, pageFormat(printInfo))
+    }
+
+    /// `PMSessionGetCurrentPrinter` → `PMPrinterGetID` → String.
+    static func currentPrinterID(
+        session: PMPrintSession,
+        fallback: String
+    ) -> String {
+        var current: PMPrinter?
+        guard PMSessionGetCurrentPrinter(session, &current) == 0,
+              let printer = current
+        else { return fallback }
+        // Borrowed from the session — never released (see header doc).
+        guard let id = PMPrinterGetID(printer)
+        else { return fallback }
+        return id.takeUnretainedValue() as String
+    }
+
+    // MARK: Ticket  (#201 D3)
+
+    /// Capture the live `PMPrintSettings` + `PMPageFormat` as XML
+    /// `Data` plus a plist-safe `NSPrintInfo.dictionary()` fallback.
+    /// The CFData out-params are **+1** by header contract
+    /// ("the caller is responsible for releasing") →
+    /// `takeRetainedValue()`.
+    static func serialise(
+        _ printInfo: NSPrintInfo,
+        queue: String
+    ) throws -> PrintTicket {
+        var settingsRef: Unmanaged<CFData>?
+        let settingsStatus = PMPrintSettingsCreateDataRepresentation(
+            settings(printInfo), &settingsRef, kPMDataFormatXMLDefault)
+        guard settingsStatus == noErr, let settingsRef else {
+            throw PMTicketError.serialiseFailed(
+                stage: "printSettings", status: settingsStatus)
+        }
+        let settingsData = settingsRef.takeRetainedValue() as Data
+
+        var pageFormatRef: Unmanaged<CFData>?
+        let pageFormatStatus = PMPageFormatCreateDataRepresentation(
+            pageFormat(printInfo), &pageFormatRef, kPMDataFormatXMLDefault)
+        guard pageFormatStatus == noErr, let pageFormatRef else {
+            throw PMTicketError.serialiseFailed(
+                stage: "pageFormat", status: pageFormatStatus)
+        }
+        let pageFormatData = pageFormatRef.takeRetainedValue() as Data
+
+        // Cocoa-level fallback — warn-only, never fatal: filter the
+        // dictionary to plist-safe values so one exotic attribute
+        // cannot fail the whole snapshot.
+        let plist = try? PropertyListSerialization.data(
+            fromPropertyList: plistSafe(printInfo.dictionary()) ?? [:],
+            format: .binary, options: 0)
+
+        return PrintTicket(
+            queue: queue,
+            printSettings: settingsData,
+            pageFormat: pageFormatData,
+            printInfoPlist: plist,
+            capturedAt: Date())
+    }
+
+    /// Rehydrate a ticket into `printInfo`'s live PM objects. Order is
+    /// load-bearing: create → copy → session-validate → Cocoa update.
+    /// Cross-queue replay is refused (R3) — the destination's bound
+    /// queue is the session's current printer; a destination with no
+    /// bound printer accepts the ticket (the spooler always binds
+    /// first, so production replay is always guarded).
+    /// A page-format failure is warn-only — paper is re-derived
+    /// upstream by the spooler's S6/S7.
+    static func restore(
+        _ ticket: PrintTicket,
+        into printInfo: NSPrintInfo
+    ) throws {
+        let bound = currentPrinterID(
+            session: session(printInfo),
+            fallback: ticket.queue)
+        guard ticket.queue == bound else {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "PrintTicket: refusing to replay a ticket captured "
+                    + "for '\(ticket.queue)' onto '\(bound)'")
+            return
+        }
+
+        var srcSettings: PMPrintSettings?
+        let createStatus = PMPrintSettingsCreateWithDataRepresentation(
+            ticket.printSettings as CFData, &srcSettings)
+        defer {
+            if let srcSettings { PMRelease(object(srcSettings)) }
+        }
+        guard createStatus == noErr, let srcSettings else {
+            throw PMTicketError.restoreFailed(
+                stage: "printSettings", status: createStatus)
+        }
+        let copyStatus = PMCopyPrintSettings(
+            srcSettings, settings(printInfo))
+        guard copyStatus == noErr else {
+            throw PMTicketError.restoreFailed(
+                stage: "printSettings", status: copyStatus)
+        }
+        var changed = DarwinBoolean(false)
+        _ = PMSessionValidatePrintSettings(
+            session(printInfo), settings(printInfo), &changed)
+        if changed.boolValue {
+            AppLogger.shared.info(
+                "PrintTicket: driver adjusted the restored ticket")
+        }
+        printInfo.updateFromPMPrintSettings()
+
+        // Page format — warn-only.
+        var srcFormat: PMPageFormat?
+        let formatStatus = PMPageFormatCreateWithDataRepresentation(
+            ticket.pageFormat as CFData, &srcFormat)
+        defer {
+            if let srcFormat { PMRelease(object(srcFormat)) }
+        }
+        guard formatStatus == noErr, let srcFormat else {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "PrintTicket: page format restore failed "
+                    + "(\(formatStatus)) — paper re-derived upstream")
+            return
+        }
+        guard PMCopyPageFormat(srcFormat, pageFormat(printInfo)) == noErr
+        else {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "PrintTicket: page format copy failed — "
+                    + "paper re-derived upstream")
+            return
+        }
+        var formatChanged = DarwinBoolean(false)
+        _ = PMSessionValidatePageFormat(
+            session(printInfo), pageFormat(printInfo), &formatChanged)
+        printInfo.updateFromPMPageFormat()
+    }
+
+    /// Recursive plist-safety filter for `NSPrintInfo.dictionary()`:
+    /// keeps String / NSNumber / Bool / Date / Data / URL (→
+    /// absoluteString) / Array / Dictionary, drops everything else, so
+    /// one non-plist attribute cannot fail the whole snapshot.
+    private static func plistSafe(_ value: Any) -> Any? {
+        switch value {
+        case let string as String:
+            return string
+        case let number as NSNumber:
+            return number
+        case let date as Date:
+            return date
+        case let data as Data:
+            return data
+        case let url as URL:
+            return url.absoluteString
+        case let array as [Any]:
+            return array.compactMap(plistSafe)
+        case let dictionary as [String: Any]:
+            var safe: [String: Any] = [:]
+            for (key, element) in dictionary {
+                if let filtered = plistSafe(element) {
+                    safe[key] = filtered
+                }
+            }
+            return safe
+        case let dictionary as [NSPrintInfo.AttributeKey: Any]:
+            var safe: [String: Any] = [:]
+            for (key, element) in dictionary {
+                if let filtered = plistSafe(element) {
+                    safe[key.rawValue] = filtered
+                }
+            }
+            return safe
+        default:
+            return nil
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: Values
+
+    /// Warn-only `PMPrintSettingsSetValue`: a driver that rejects a key
+    /// must not abort the caller's flow. Returns `true` on success.
+    @discardableResult
+    static func setValue(
+        _ value: String,
+        forKey key: String,
+        locked: Bool,
+        in settings: PMPrintSettings,
+        context: String
+    ) -> Bool {
+        let status = PMPrintSettingsSetValue(
+            settings, key as CFString, value as CFString, locked)
+        if status != 0 {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "\(context): PMPrintSettingsSetValue(\(key)) "
+                    + "rejected (\(status))")
+            return false
+        }
+        return true
+    }
+
+    /// `PMPrintSettingsGetValue` — borrowed value, never released.
+    /// `nil` for absent keys, non-string values, or lookup errors.
+    static func stringValue(
+        forKey key: String,
+        in settings: PMPrintSettings
+    ) -> String? {
+        var value: Unmanaged<CFTypeRef>?
+        guard PMPrintSettingsGetValue(
+            settings, key as CFString, &value) == 0,
+              let ref = value?.takeUnretainedValue()
+        else { return nil }
+        return ref as? String
+    }
+
+    // MARK: Paper
+
+    /// The `PMPageFormat` half of paper preselect (#186 E1): the
+    /// panel's paper dropdown reflects the page format's `PMPaper`,
+    /// not `PMPrintSettings`. Match the Stage 2 `PageSize` token to a
+    /// paper from `PMPrinterGetPaperList`, rebuild the page format
+    /// around it, and copy it into the printInfo's format (TN2248:
+    /// `PMCreatePageFormatWithPMPaper` → `PMSessionValidatePageFormat`
+    /// → `PMCopyPageFormat` → `updateFromPMPageFormat`).
+    /// `Custom.<w>x<h>` tokens (already points) have no `PMPaper` —
+    /// set the Cocoa `paperSize` directly. Warn-only throughout: a
+    /// missed match must not keep the panel from opening.
+    static func applyPaper(
+        token: String,
+        printer: PMPrinter,
+        session: PMPrintSession,
+        printInfo: NSPrintInfo
+    ) {
+        if let custom = customPaperDimensions(from: token) {
+            printInfo.paperSize = NSSize(
+                width: custom.width, height: custom.height)
+            return
+        }
+        var paperList: Unmanaged<CFArray>?
+        guard PMPrinterGetPaperList(printer, &paperList) == 0,
+              let papers = paperList?.takeUnretainedValue()
+        else {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "Print panel: PMPrinterGetPaperList failed — "
+                    + "paper preselect skipped")
+            return
+        }
+        // The list (and its elements) is owned by the printer —
+        // borrowed, never released.
+        var match: PMPaper?
+        for index in 0..<CFArrayGetCount(papers) {
+            let paper = unsafeBitCast(
+                CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(papers, index), to: PMPaper.self)
+            var idRef: Unmanaged<CFString>?
+            guard PMPaperGetID(paper, &idRef) == 0,
+                  let paperID = idRef?.takeUnretainedValue() as String?
+            else { continue }
+            if paperID == token {
+                match = paper
+                break
+            }
+        }
+        guard let paper = match else {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "Print panel: no PMPaper id matches '\(token)'")
+            return
+        }
+        var created: PMPageFormat?
+        guard PMCreatePageFormatWithPMPaper(&created, paper) == 0,
+              let newFormat = created
+        else {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "Print panel: PMCreatePageFormatWithPMPaper failed "
+                    + "for '\(token)'")
+            return
+        }
+        defer { PMRelease(object(newFormat)) }
+        _ = PMSessionValidatePageFormat(session, newFormat, nil)
+        _ = PMCopyPageFormat(newFormat, pageFormat(printInfo))
+        printInfo.updateFromPMPageFormat()
+    }
+
+    /// `Custom.<w>x<h>` → dimensions in points (the token builder
+    /// emits integer points, mm × 72/25.4). `nil` for non-custom or
+    /// malformed tokens — a malformed `Custom.*` then misses the
+    /// `PMPaper` match and logs instead of guessing a size.
+    static func customPaperDimensions(
+        from token: String
+    ) -> (width: Double, height: Double)? {
+        guard token.hasPrefix("Custom.") else { return nil }
+        let dims = token.dropFirst("Custom.".count).split(separator: "x")
+        guard dims.count == 2,
+              let width = Double(dims[0]), let height = Double(dims[1]),
+              width > 0, height > 0
+        else { return nil }
+        return (width, height)
+    }
+}

Sources/ICCery/Print/PrintPanelService.swift

@@ -4,13 +4,10 @@ import ICCeryCore
 
 /// Errors raised while preparing the bound print panel.
 enum PrintPanelError: LocalizedError {
-    case sessionBindingFailed(OSStatus)
     case noPrinterFound(String)
 
     var errorDescription: String? {
         switch self {
-        case .sessionBindingFailed(let status):
-            return "Could not bind the print session to the queue (OSStatus \(status))."
         case .noPrinterFound(let name):
             return "No printer found for '\(name)'."
         }
@@ -18,18 +15,21 @@ enum PrintPanelError: LocalizedError {
 }
 
 /// Stage 2 selections pre-applied to the bound print panel before it
-/// opens (#183). This phase consumes `paperSize` + `qualityKey`/
+/// opens (#183/#186). Every write is warn-only — the panel still
-/// `quality` only; `mediaType` and `orientation` preselect — and the
+/// opens when a driver ignores a key.
-/// `PMPageFormat`/`PMPaper` half of paper — are #186's scope.
 struct PrintPanelInitialSelections {
-    /// CUPS `PageSize` token, e.g. `"A4"` / `"Custom.595x842"`.
+    /// CUPS `PageSize` token, e.g. `"A4"` / `"Custom.595x842"`. Written
+    /// to `PMPrintSettings` **and** `PMPageFormat` (#186 E1).
     var paperSize: String?
     /// The queue's detected quality enumeration key, e.g. `EPIJ_Qual`.
     var qualityKey: String?
     /// The selected quality token.
     var quality: String?
-    var mediaType: String?      // #186 consumes
+    /// The selected media token — written to the queue's detected
-    var orientation: String?    // #186 consumes
+    /// vendor key (`CNIJMediaType`/`EPIJ_Medi`/…) (#186).
+    var mediaType: String?
+    /// `"portrait"`/`"landscape"` → `orientation-requested` 3|4 (#186).
+    var orientation: String?
 }
 
 /// Preferences → native `NSPrintPanel` bound to the selected CUPS
@@ -59,10 +59,12 @@ struct PrintPanelService {
         cupsService: CupsService,
         initialSelections: PrintPanelInitialSelections =
             PrintPanelInitialSelections()
-    ) async throws -> PrintPropertiesResult? {
+    ) async throws -> PanelCaptureResult? {
         #if DEBUG
         if UITestHooks.printPanelStubbed {
-            return UITestHooks.printPanelResult(forQueue: queue)
+            return UITestHooks.printPanelResult(forQueue: queue).map {
+                PanelCaptureResult(properties: $0, ticket: nil)
+            }
         }
         #endif
         // `??` rhs is a non-async @autoclosure — fetch first.
@@ -84,36 +86,43 @@ struct PrintPanelService {
         displayName: String?,
         optionKeys: Set<String>,
         initialSelections: PrintPanelInitialSelections
-    ) throws -> PrintPropertiesResult? {
+    ) throws -> PanelCaptureResult? {
         let printInfo = NSPrintInfo()
         var pmPrinter: PMPrinter?
         var boundViaPM = false
 
         // ① Bind the session to the selected CUPS queue (docs/11).
-        if let printer = PMPrinterCreateFromPrinterID(queue as CFString) {
+        if let printer = PMTicketBridge.makePrinter(queue: queue) {
             pmPrinter = printer
-            let session = unsafeBitCast(
+            let session = PMTicketBridge.session(printInfo)
-                printInfo.pmPrintSession(), to: PMPrintSession.self)
+            let settings = PMTicketBridge.settings(printInfo)
-            let settings = unsafeBitCast(
-                printInfo.pmPrintSettings(), to: PMPrintSettings.self)
-            let pageFormat = unsafeBitCast(
-                printInfo.pmPageFormat(), to: PMPageFormat.self)
 
-            let status = PMSessionSetCurrentPMPrinter(session, printer)
+            do {
-            if status != 0 {
+                try PMTicketBridge.bind(printer: printer, to: printInfo)
-                PMRelease(Self.pmObject(printer))
+            } catch {
-                throw PrintPanelError.sessionBindingFailed(status)
+                PMTicketBridge.release(printer)
+                throw error
             }
-            // Warn-only: defaults keep the panel consistent with the
-            // queue but are not fatal when they fail.
-            _ = PMSessionDefaultPrintSettings(session, settings)
-            _ = PMSessionDefaultPageFormat(session, pageFormat)
             // Initial selections — after `PMSessionDefault*`, before
-            // ColorSync suppression ②–⑤ (locked write order, #183).
+            // ColorSync suppression ②–⑤ (locked write order,
-            applyInitialSelections(initialSelections, to: settings)
+            // #183/#186). Paper is TWO writes (E1): the `PageSize`
+            // print-settings value drivers/capture read AND the
+            // `PMPageFormat` paper the panel's dropdown reflects.
+            applyInitialSelections(
+                initialSelections, to: settings, optionKeys: optionKeys)
+            if let paperToken = initialSelections.paperSize {
+                PMTicketBridge.applyPaper(
+                    token: paperToken, printer: printer,
+                    session: session, printInfo: printInfo)
+            }
             boundViaPM = true
         } else {
             // Fallback: NSPrinter by display name (docs/11 §binding).
+            // Warn — the display name can resolve a *different* queue
+            // (#186 E2: diagnosable, not a proven defect).
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "Print panel: PM binding unavailable for '\(queue)' — "
+                    + "falling back to NSPrinter(displayName)")
             guard let displayName,
                   let nsPrinter = NSPrinter(name: displayName)
             else {
@@ -125,19 +134,17 @@ struct PrintPanelService {
         }
         defer {
             if let printer = pmPrinter {
-                PMRelease(Self.pmObject(printer))
+                PMTicketBridge.release(printer)
             }
         }
 
         // ②–⑤ ColourSync suppression — only on the PM path: the SPI
         // and PMPrintSettingsSetValue need a session with a current
         // printer to attach to.
-        var settings = unsafeBitCast(
+        var settings = PMTicketBridge.settings(printInfo)
-            printInfo.pmPrintSettings(), to: PMPrintSettings.self)
         var driverBypass: (key: String, value: String)?
         if boundViaPM {
-            let session = unsafeBitCast(
+            let session = PMTicketBridge.session(printInfo)
-                printInfo.pmPrintSession(), to: PMPrintSession.self)
             suppressor.applySPIMode(to: session)                    // ②
             suppressor.applyLockedKeys(to: settings)                // ③
             driverBypass = suppressor.applyDriverBypass(            // ④
@@ -166,70 +173,73 @@ struct PrintPanelService {
         var cupsOptions: String?
         var mediaType: String?
         if boundViaPM {
-            settings = unsafeBitCast(
+            settings = PMTicketBridge.settings(printInfo)
-                printInfo.pmPrintSettings(), to: PMPrintSettings.self)
             let captured = suppressor.captureOptions(from: settings)
             cupsOptions = captured.cupsOptions
             mediaType = captured.mediaType
         }
         let capturedOptions = cupsOptions ?? ""
-        return PrintPropertiesResult(
+        let resolvedQueue = boundViaPM
-            selectedPrinter: boundViaPM
+            ? PMTicketBridge.currentPrinterID(
-                ? Self.currentPrinterID(
+                session: PMTicketBridge.session(printInfo),
-                    session: unsafeBitCast(
+                fallback: queue)
-                        printInfo.pmPrintSession(), to: PMPrintSession.self),
+            : queue
-                    fallback: queue)
+        // ⑦ Serialise the native ticket — the payload `lp -o` could
-                : nil,
+        // never carry (#201). Warn-only via `try?`: a serialise
-            options: PrintOptions(
+        // failure must not lose the Stage 2 mirror above.
-                orientation: CupsParsers.extractOrientation(
+        let ticket = try? PMTicketBridge.serialise(
-                    fromOptionsString: capturedOptions),
+            printInfo, queue: resolvedQueue)
-                paperSize: CupsParsers.extractOption(
+        return PanelCaptureResult(
-                    named: "PageSize", fromOptionsString: capturedOptions),
+            properties: PrintPropertiesResult(
-                mediaType: mediaType,
+                selectedPrinter: boundViaPM ? resolvedQueue : nil,
-                quality: CupsParsers.extractQuality(
+                options: PrintOptions(
-                    fromOptionsString: capturedOptions),
+                    orientation: CupsParsers.extractOrientation(
-                ppdUncorrectedPassthrough: true,
+                        fromOptionsString: capturedOptions),
-                cupsOptions: cupsOptions))
+                    paperSize: CupsParsers.extractOption(
+                        named: "PageSize",
+                        fromOptionsString: capturedOptions),
+                    mediaType: mediaType,
+                    quality: CupsParsers.extractQuality(
+                        fromOptionsString: capturedOptions),
+                    ppdUncorrectedPassthrough: true,
+                    cupsOptions: cupsOptions)),
+            ticket: ticket)
     }
 
-    /// Initial-selection `PMPrintSettings` writes — paper size and
+    /// Initial-selection `PMPrintSettings` writes — paper, quality,
-    /// quality only this phase; media type / orientation and the
+    /// media type, orientation. All warn-only: a driver that ignores
-    /// `PMPageFormat`/`PMPaper` paper half are #186's contract.
+    /// a key must not keep the panel from opening (R12 surfaces via
+    /// the capture echo instead).
     private func applyInitialSelections(
         _ selections: PrintPanelInitialSelections,
-        to settings: PMPrintSettings
+        to settings: PMPrintSettings,
+        optionKeys: Set<String>
     ) {
         if let paperSize = selections.paperSize {
-            _ = PMPrintSettingsSetValue(
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
-                settings, "PageSize" as CFString,
+                paperSize, forKey: "PageSize", locked: false,
-                paperSize as CFString, false)
+                in: settings, context: "Print panel")
         }
         if let key = selections.qualityKey, let value = selections.quality {
-            _ = PMPrintSettingsSetValue(
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
-                settings, key as CFString, value as CFString, false)
+                value, forKey: key, locked: false,
+                in: settings, context: "Print panel")
+        }
+        // Media type via the queue's detected vendor key (#186).
+        if let mediaType = selections.mediaType,
+           let mediaKey = CupsParsers.detectMediaTypeKey(
+               optionKeys: optionKeys) {
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
+                mediaType, forKey: mediaKey, locked: false,
+                in: settings, context: "Print panel")
+        }
+        // Orientation — portrait=3, landscape=4 (CUPS IPP codes).
+        if let orientation = selections.orientation {
+            let code = orientation == "landscape" ? "4" : "3"
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
+                code, forKey: "orientation-requested", locked: false,
+                in: settings, context: "Print panel")
         }
     }
 
-    // MARK: - PM helpers
-
-    /// `PMPrinter` → `PMObject` for `PMRelease` — the Carbon API wants
-    /// `UnsafeRawPointer`, Swift imports `PMPrinter` as `OpaquePointer`.
-    static func pmObject(_ printer: PMPrinter) -> PMObject {
-        unsafeBitCast(printer, to: PMObject.self)
-    }
-
-    /// `PMSessionGetCurrentPrinter` → `PMPrinterGetID` → String.
-    private static func currentPrinterID(
-        session: PMPrintSession,
-        fallback: String
-    ) -> String {
-        var current: PMPrinter?
-        guard PMSessionGetCurrentPrinter(session, &current) == 0,
-              let printer = current
-        else { return fallback }
-        defer { PMRelease(pmObject(printer)) }
-        guard let id = PMPrinterGetID(printer)
-        else { return fallback }
-        return id.takeUnretainedValue() as String
-    }
 }

Sources/ICCery/Print/PrintSessionViewModel.swift

@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModel: ObservableObject {
     @Published var selectedQuality: String?
     @Published var printOrientation = "portrait"
     @Published var capturedCupsOptions: [String: String] = [:]
+    /// Native print tickets per queue — the spool payload (#201).
+    /// Session-only; cleared whenever the queue's mirror is.
+    @Published var capturedTickets: [String: PrintTicket] = [:]
     @Published var printNotice: Notice?
     @Published var isPrinting = false
     private var printTask: Task<Void, Never>?
@@ -147,8 +150,8 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModel: ObservableObject {
             paperSize: selectedPaperSizeToken,
             qualityKey: printerCaps.qualityKey,
             quality: selectedQuality,
-            mediaType: nil,
+            mediaType: selectedMediaType,
-            orientation: nil)
+            orientation: printOrientation)
         Task { @MainActor in
             do {
                 guard let result = try await PrintPanelService()
@@ -164,29 +167,37 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModel: ObservableObject {
                     )
                     return
                 }
-                if let selected = result.selectedPrinter,
+                if let selected = result.properties.selectedPrinter,
                    printers.contains(where: { $0.name == selected }),
                    selected != queue {
                     selectedPrinter = selected
                     await reloadSelectedCapabilities()
                 }
-                if let captured = result.options.cupsOptions {
+                if let captured = result.properties.options.cupsOptions {
                     capturedCupsOptions[selectedPrinter] = captured
                 }
-                if let media = result.options.mediaType {
+                // The native ticket rides alongside the mirror (#201).
+                if let ticket = result.ticket {
+                    capturedTickets[ticket.queue] = ticket
+                }
+                if let media = result.properties.options.mediaType {
                     selectedMediaType = media
                 }
-                // Capture-return (#183): a dialog paper/quality change
+                // Capture-return (#183/#186): a dialog paper/quality/
-                // updates the Stage 2 selections — never
+                // orientation change updates the Stage 2 selections —
-                // `workflow.pageSize` (printtarg layout is sacred).
+                // never `workflow.pageSize` (printtarg layout is
-                if let paper = result.options.paperSize,
+                // sacred).
+                if let paper = result.properties.options.paperSize,
                    let match = printerCaps.paperSizes
                        .first(where: { $0.name == paper }) {
                     selectedPaperSize = match.id
                 }
-                if let quality = result.options.quality {
+                if let quality = result.properties.options.quality {
                     selectedQuality = quality
                 }
+                if let orientation = result.properties.options.orientation {
+                    printOrientation = orientation
+                }
                 printNotice = Notice(
                     kind: .info,
                     text: "Settings captured for \(selectedPrinter).",

Sources/ICCery/Print/PrintTicket.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import Foundation
+import ICCeryCore
+
+/// A captured native print ticket (#201) — the payload `lp -o` could
+/// never carry. Vendor PDE state, including opaque binary blobs, is
+/// preserved verbatim inside `printSettings`.
+///
+/// In-memory, session-only. Never written to `settings.json` or an
+/// `.icceryproj` (a ticket is queue- and driver-version-specific).
+struct PrintTicket: Equatable, Sendable {
+    /// CUPS queue id this ticket was captured for. Replay onto any other
+    /// queue is refused (R3).
+    let queue: String
+    /// `PMPrintSettingsCreateDataRepresentation(…, kPMDataFormatXMLDefault)`.
+    let printSettings: Data
+    /// `PMPageFormatCreateDataRepresentation(…, kPMDataFormatXMLDefault)`.
+    let pageFormat: Data
+    /// Binary-plist snapshot of `NSPrintInfo.dictionary()`, plist-filtered.
+    /// Cocoa-level fallback only — never the primary restore path.
+    let printInfoPlist: Data?
+    let capturedAt: Date
+}
+
+/// App-level panel outcome: the ICCeryCore `PrintPropertiesResult`
+/// (Stage 2 mirror values, #183/#186) **plus** the native ticket the
+/// spooler replays (#201).
+struct PanelCaptureResult {
+    var properties: PrintPropertiesResult
+    var ticket: PrintTicket?
+}

Sources/ICCery/Print/TargetPageCanvasView.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+import AppKit
+
+/// Headless print canvas (#201, docs/14 §6). Never installed in a
+/// window; `NSPrintOperation` is its only client.
+@MainActor
+final class TargetPageCanvasView: NSView {
+
+    private let pages: [TargetPageRaster]
+    private let paperSize: NSSize
+
+    /// Test probe — invoked once per drawn page with the live context
+    /// so the interpolation/antialias contract is assertable without a
+    /// printer.
+    var drawProbe: ((NSGraphicsContext, Int, NSRect) -> Void)?
+
+    init(pages: [TargetPageRaster], paperSize: NSSize) {
+        self.pages = pages
+        self.paperSize = paperSize
+        super.init(frame: NSRect(
+            x: 0, y: 0,
+            width: paperSize.width,
+            height: paperSize.height * CGFloat(pages.count)))
+    }
+
+    @available(*, unavailable)
+    required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
+        fatalError("TargetPageCanvasView is code-only")
+    }
+
+    /// Flipped: the CoreGraphics coordinate space is correctly oriented
+    /// top-down, so page 1 is the TOP rect.
+    override var isFlipped: Bool { true }
+    override var isOpaque: Bool { true }
+
+    override func knowsPageRange(_ range: NSRangePointer) -> Bool {
+        range.pointee = NSRange(location: 1, length: pages.count)
+        return true
+    }
+
+    /// 1-based page → its paper-sized rect, stacked top-down.
+    override func rectForPage(_ page: Int) -> NSRect {
+        NSRect(x: 0,
+               y: CGFloat(page - 1) * paperSize.height,
+               width: paperSize.width,
+               height: paperSize.height)
+    }
+
+    /// Where page `page`'s image lands: top-left anchored inside
+    /// `rectForPage`, sized `raster.pointSize`, origin snapped to
+    /// 0.001 pt (docs/14 §6) so a fractional origin cannot trigger
+    /// device resampling. `internal` for unit tests.
+    func destinationRect(forPage page: Int) -> NSRect {
+        let pageRect = rectForPage(page)
+        let size = pages[page - 1].pointSize
+        return NSRect(x: Self.snap(pageRect.minX),
+                      y: Self.snap(pageRect.minY),
+                      width: size.width,
+                      height: size.height)
+    }
+
+    override func draw(_ dirtyRect: NSRect) {
+        guard let ctx = NSGraphicsContext.current else { return }
+        ctx.imageInterpolation = .none
+        ctx.shouldAntialias = false
+        let cg = ctx.cgContext
+        cg.interpolationQuality = .none
+        cg.setShouldAntialias(false)
+        cg.setAllowsAntialiasing(false)
+        cg.setShouldSmoothFonts(false)
+        for index in pages.indices {
+            let pageRect = rectForPage(index + 1)
+            guard pageRect.intersects(dirtyRect) else { continue }
+            cg.saveGState()   // page N never inherits N-1's CTM
+            NSColor.white.setFill()
+            pageRect.fill()
+            cg.draw(pages[index].cgImage,
+                    in: destinationRect(forPage: index + 1))
+            cg.restoreGState()
+            drawProbe?(ctx, index + 1, destinationRect(forPage: index + 1))
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static func snap(_ value: CGFloat) -> CGFloat {
+        (value * 1000).rounded() / 1000
+    }
+}

Sources/ICCery/Print/TargetRaster.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+import CoreGraphics
+import Foundation
+import ICCeryCore
+import ImageIO
+
+/// One decoded target page ready to draw 1:1 (#201, docs/14 §6).
+struct TargetPageRaster: Equatable {
+    let sourceURL: URL
+    /// Re-tagged into a **device** colour space — the image Quartz draws.
+    let cgImage: CGImage
+    let pixelWidth: Int
+    let pixelHeight: Int
+    let dpiX: Double
+    let dpiY: Double
+    let componentCount: Int
+    let bitsPerComponent: Int
+    /// Expected physical size from the printtarg manifest, when known.
+    let expectedWidthMm: Double?
+    let expectedHeightMm: Double?
+
+    /// `pixels / dpi * 72`. The ONLY size the canvas ever draws at.
+    /// 72 pt = 1 in. **Never** `backingScaleFactor` (docs/14 §6).
+    var pointSize: CGSize {
+        CGSize(width: Double(pixelWidth) / dpiX * 72,
+               height: Double(pixelHeight) / dpiY * 72)
+    }
+
+    /// `pixels / dpi * 25.4` — the physical size the DPI implies.
+    var physicalMm: CGSize {
+        CGSize(width: Double(pixelWidth) / dpiX * 25.4,
+               height: Double(pixelHeight) / dpiY * 25.4)
+    }
+
+    /// `nil` when within 0.5 mm of the manifest, else the drift
+    /// message (D9 — warn + spool, never rescale).
+    var manifestDrift: String? {
+        var parts: [String] = []
+        if let expectedWidthMm,
+           abs(physicalMm.width - expectedWidthMm) > 0.5 {
+            parts.append(String(
+                format: "width %.2f mm vs manifest %.2f mm",
+                physicalMm.width, expectedWidthMm))
+        }
+        if let expectedHeightMm,
+           abs(physicalMm.height - expectedHeightMm) > 0.5 {
+            parts.append(String(
+                format: "height %.2f mm vs manifest %.2f mm",
+                physicalMm.height, expectedHeightMm))
+        }
+        guard !parts.isEmpty else { return nil }
+        return "TIFF DPI disagrees with the printtarg manifest — "
+            + parts.joined(separator: "; ")
+    }
+
+    static func == (lhs: TargetPageRaster, rhs: TargetPageRaster) -> Bool {
+        lhs.sourceURL == rhs.sourceURL
+            && lhs.cgImage === rhs.cgImage
+            && lhs.pixelWidth == rhs.pixelWidth
+            && lhs.pixelHeight == rhs.pixelHeight
+            && lhs.dpiX == rhs.dpiX
+            && lhs.dpiY == rhs.dpiY
+            && lhs.componentCount == rhs.componentCount
+            && lhs.bitsPerComponent == rhs.bitsPerComponent
+            && lhs.expectedWidthMm == rhs.expectedWidthMm
+            && lhs.expectedHeightMm == rhs.expectedHeightMm
+    }
+}
+
+enum TargetRasterError: LocalizedError, Equatable {
+    case tiffMissing(String)
+    case undecodable(String)
+    case unsupportedLayout(path: String, components: Int,
+                           bitsPerComponent: Int, hasAlpha: Bool)
+
+    var errorDescription: String? {
+        switch self {
+        case .tiffMissing(let path):
+            return "Target TIFF is missing: \(path)"
+        case .undecodable(let path):
+            return "Target TIFF could not be decoded: \(path)"
+        case .unsupportedLayout(let path, let components,
+                               let bitsPerComponent, let hasAlpha):
+            return "Target TIFF has an unsupported layout "
+                + "(\(components) components, \(bitsPerComponent) bpc"
+                + "\(hasAlpha ? ", alpha" : "")): \(path)"
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+enum TargetRasterLoader {
+    /// Absent DPI metadata defaults to 72 (docs/14 §6) — and logs `warn`.
+    static let fallbackDPI: Double = 72
+
+    static func load(
+        tiff url: URL,
+        expectedWidthMm: Double? = nil,
+        expectedHeightMm: Double? = nil
+    ) throws -> TargetPageRaster {
+        guard FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: url.path) else {
+            throw TargetRasterError.tiffMissing(url.path)
+        }
+        guard let source = CGImageSourceCreateWithURL(url as CFURL, nil)
+        else {
+            throw TargetRasterError.undecodable(url.path)
+        }
+        let options: [CFString: Any] = [
+            kCGImageSourceShouldCache: true,
+            kCGImageSourceShouldAllowFloat: false,
+        ]
+        guard let image = CGImageSourceCreateImageAtIndex(
+            source, 0, options as CFDictionary)
+        else {
+            throw TargetRasterError.undecodable(url.path)
+        }
+
+        // DPI lives in the container metadata, not the CGImage.
+        var dpiX = fallbackDPI
+        var dpiY = fallbackDPI
+        var foundX = false
+        var foundY = false
+        if let properties = CGImageSourceCopyPropertiesAtIndex(
+            source, 0, nil) as? [CFString: Any] {
+            if let x = (properties[kCGImagePropertyDPIWidth]
+                        as? NSNumber)?.doubleValue, x > 0 {
+                dpiX = x
+                foundX = true
+            }
+            if let y = (properties[kCGImagePropertyDPIHeight]
+                        as? NSNumber)?.doubleValue, y > 0 {
+                dpiY = y
+                foundY = true
+            }
+        }
+        if !foundX || !foundY {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "TargetRaster: '\(url.lastPathComponent)' carries no "
+                    + "usable DPI metadata — assuming \(fallbackDPI) dpi")
+        }
+
+        let components = image.colorSpace?.numberOfComponents ?? 0
+        guard !Self.hasRealAlpha(image), let tagged = deviceTagged(image)
+        else {
+            throw TargetRasterError.unsupportedLayout(
+                path: url.path,
+                components: components,
+                bitsPerComponent: image.bitsPerComponent,
+                hasAlpha: Self.hasRealAlpha(image))
+        }
+
+        return TargetPageRaster(
+            sourceURL: url,
+            cgImage: tagged,
+            pixelWidth: image.width,
+            pixelHeight: image.height,
+            dpiX: dpiX,
+            dpiY: dpiY,
+            componentCount: components,
+            bitsPerComponent: image.bitsPerComponent,
+            expectedWidthMm: expectedWidthMm,
+            expectedHeightMm: expectedHeightMm)
+    }
+
+    /// Re-tag into `DeviceGray` (1 comp) / `DeviceRGB` (3) /
+    /// `DeviceCMYK` (4) by reusing the decoded image's own
+    /// `dataProvider`, `bitsPerComponent`, `bitsPerPixel`, `bytesPerRow`
+    /// and `bitmapInfo` — **no resample, no bit-depth change, no
+    /// `CGImageCreateCopyWithColorSpace` into a calibrated space**
+    /// (docs/14 §6.3). `shouldInterpolate: false`,
+    /// `intent: .defaultIntent`.
+    ///
+    /// Returns `nil` (caller throws `.unsupportedLayout`) for alpha,
+    /// indexed, float, or >4-component images — a profiling target
+    /// never has those, and guessing would corrupt patches.
+    static func deviceTagged(_ image: CGImage) -> CGImage? {
+        guard !hasRealAlpha(image),
+              !image.bitmapInfo.contains(.floatComponents),
+              let colorSpace = image.colorSpace,
+              colorSpace.model != .indexed,
+              colorSpace.model != .pattern,
+              let space = deviceSpace(for: colorSpace.numberOfComponents),
+              let provider = image.dataProvider
+        else { return nil }
+        return CGImage(
+            width: image.width,
+            height: image.height,
+            bitsPerComponent: image.bitsPerComponent,
+            bitsPerPixel: image.bitsPerPixel,
+            bytesPerRow: image.bytesPerRow,
+            space: space,
+            bitmapInfo: image.bitmapInfo,
+            provider: provider,
+            decode: image.decode,
+            shouldInterpolate: false,
+            intent: .defaultIntent)
+    }
+
+    /// Skip-only padding (`noneSkipLast`/`noneSkipFirst`) is **not**
+    /// alpha — ImageIO pads opaque RGB TIFFs to 32 bpp that way, so
+    /// accepting it is required for real printtarg files. True coverage
+    /// alpha (`last`/`first`/`premultiplied*`/`only`) is rejected.
+    static func hasRealAlpha(_ image: CGImage) -> Bool {
+        switch image.alphaInfo {
+        case .none, .noneSkipLast, .noneSkipFirst:
+            return false
+        default:
+            return true
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The device colour space for a component count — `nil` for
+    /// layouts a profiling target can never legally be (2 channels,
+    /// DeviceN, >4 components).
+    static func deviceSpace(for componentCount: Int) -> CGColorSpace? {
+        switch componentCount {
+        case 1: return CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceGray()
+        case 3: return CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB()
+        case 4: return CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceCMYK()
+        default: return nil
+        }
+    }
+}

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/CupsParserTests.swift

@@ -232,6 +232,42 @@ final class CupsParserTests: XCTestCase {
             fromOptionsString: "PageSize=A4"))
     }
 
+    // MARK: - #186 capture-return
+
+    /// A captured `k=v` string maps to all four `PrintOptions`
+    /// fields — `PageSize`, the detected quality key,
+    /// `orientation-requested`, and a vendor media key (#186).
+    func testCapturedStringMapsAllFields() {
+        let captured =
+            "PageSize=A4 EPIJ_Qual=305 orientation-requested=4 CNIJMediaType=Photo"
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractOption(
+            named: "PageSize", fromOptionsString: captured), "A4")
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractQuality(
+            fromOptionsString: captured), "305")
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractOrientation(
+            fromOptionsString: captured), "landscape")
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractMediaType(
+            fromOptionsString: captured), "Photo")
+    }
+
+    /// Vendor media keys beyond `MediaType`/`EPIJ_Medi` extract via
+    /// the detection roster — `CNIJMediaType`/`StpMediaType` included
+    /// (#186). `MediaType` still wins when present alongside them.
+    func testExtractMediaTypeRosterFallback() {
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractMediaType(
+            fromOptionsString: "CNIJMediaType=PhotoPlus"), "PhotoPlus")
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractMediaType(
+            fromOptionsString: "StpMediaType=Glossy"), "Glossy")
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractMediaType(
+            fromOptionsString: "EPIJ_Medi=Photo"), "Photo")
+        // `MediaType` keeps first precedence (docs/11 §tests).
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractMediaType(
+            fromOptionsString: "CNIJMediaType=PhotoPlus MediaType=Plain"),
+            "Plain")
+        XCTAssertNil(CupsParsers.extractMediaType(
+            fromOptionsString: "PageSize=A4"))
+    }
+
     func testDriverBypass() {
         func pair(_ keys: Set<String>) -> String? {
             CupsParsers.detectDriverColorBypass(optionKeys: keys)
@@ -246,4 +282,177 @@ final class CupsParserTests: XCTestCase {
         XCTAssertEqual(pair(["EpsonColorMode"]), "EpsonColorMode=Off")
         XCTAssertNil(pair(["PageSize"]))
     }
+
+    // MARK: - #181 Canon media locale precedence + PPD encoding
+
+    /// The 18 Canon Pro9500 media types named in the issue — the ids
+    /// are the numeric codes the driver enumerates via `lpoptions -l`.
+    private let canonMedia: [(id: String, label: String)] = [
+        ("0", "Plain Paper"),
+        ("1", "Photo Paper Plus Glossy II"),
+        ("2", "Photo Paper Pro Platinum N"),
+        ("3", "Photo Paper Pro Platinum"),
+        ("4", "Photo Paper Pro Luster"),
+        ("5", "Photo Paper Plus Semi-gloss"),
+        ("6", "Matte Photo Paper"),
+        ("7", "Fine Art \"Photo Rag\""),
+        ("8", "Fine Art \"Museum Etching\""),
+        ("9", "Photo Paper Pro Premium Matte"),
+        ("10", "Fine Art Premium Matte"),
+        ("11", "Other Fine Art Paper"),
+        ("12", "Canvas"),
+        ("13", "Board Paper"),
+        ("14", "Ink Jet Hagaki"),
+        ("15", "Hagaki"),
+        ("16", "Printable disc"),
+        ("17", "Printable disc (bleed-proof)"),
+    ]
+
+    /// Canon Pro9500-shaped fragment: the unqualified base block comes
+    /// early and the `th.` block trails at the end — the ordering that
+    /// let Thai overwrite English under last-write-wins (#181).
+    private var canonPPD: String {
+        var lines = [
+            "*OpenUI *CNIJMediaType/Media Type: PickOne",
+            "*DefaultCNIJMediaType: 0",
+        ]
+        for media in canonMedia {
+            lines.append(
+                "*CNIJMediaType \(media.id)/\(media.label): \"\"")
+        }
+        lines.append("*CloseUI: *CNIJMediaType")
+        for media in canonMedia {
+            lines.append(
+                "*th.CNIJMediaType \(media.id)/กระดาษ\(media.id): \"\"")
+        }
+        return lines.joined(separator: "\n")
+    }
+
+    func testPpdLabelsUnqualifiedSurvivesTrailingThai() {
+        let labels = CupsParsers.ppdChoiceLabels(
+            canonPPD, key: "CNIJMediaType")
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["0"], "Plain Paper")
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["17"], "Printable disc (bleed-proof)")
+    }
+
+    func testPpdLabelsUnqualifiedWinsRegardlessOfOrder() {
+        // `th.` block first — precedence is deterministic, not
+        // positional (#181, E3).
+        let ppd = """
+            *th.CNIJMediaType 0/กระดาษธรรมดา: ""
+            *CNIJMediaType 0/Plain Paper: ""
+            """
+        let labels = CupsParsers.ppdChoiceLabels(ppd, key: "CNIJMediaType")
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["0"], "Plain Paper")
+    }
+
+    func testPpdLabelsQualifiedFallbackOrder() {
+        // en_US > en > first-qualified-seen (#181, E3).
+        let ppd = """
+            *en.CNIJMediaType 1/English Label: ""
+            *en_US.CNIJMediaType 1/US English Label: ""
+            *th.CNIJMediaType 1/กระดาษ: ""
+            *fr.CNIJMediaType 2/Français: ""
+            *de.CNIJMediaType 2/Deutsch: ""
+            """
+        let labels = CupsParsers.ppdChoiceLabels(ppd, key: "CNIJMediaType")
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["1"], "US English Label")
+        // A qualified-only id still gets its first-seen qualified
+        // label — never left unlabeled (R9).
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["2"], "Français")
+    }
+
+    func testPpdLabelsHexEscapeDecoding() {
+        let ppd = """
+            *CNIJMediaType 3/Photo Paper Plus Glossy<2F>Matte: ""
+            *CNIJMediaType 4/Plain<20>Paper: ""
+            *CNIJMediaType 5/Bad<ZZ>Escape: ""
+            """
+        let labels = CupsParsers.ppdChoiceLabels(ppd, key: "CNIJMediaType")
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["3"], "Photo Paper Plus Glossy/Matte")
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["4"], "Plain Paper")
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["5"], "Bad<ZZ>Escape")
+    }
+
+    /// Every `CNIJMediaType` choice enumerated by `lpoptions -l` gets a
+    /// non-Thai label (E1 — the true count is the hardware gate's, so
+    /// no count is hardcoded here); the 18 named AC labels are
+    /// spot-checked.
+    func testCapabilitiesCanonMediaAllNonThai() {
+        var choices = canonMedia.map(\.id)
+        choices[0] = "*\(choices[0])"
+        let listings = CupsParsers.lpoptionsList(
+            "CNIJMediaType/Media Type: \(choices.joined(separator: " "))\n")
+        let caps = CupsService().capabilities(from: listings, ppd: canonPPD)
+
+        XCTAssertEqual(caps.mediaTypes.count, canonMedia.count)
+        for type in caps.mediaTypes {
+            XCTAssertFalse(type.name.unicodeScalars.contains {
+                (0x0E00...0x0E7F).contains($0.value)
+            }, "Thai label leaked into \(type.id): \(type.name)")
+        }
+        for media in canonMedia {
+            XCTAssertEqual(
+                caps.mediaTypes.first { $0.id == media.id }?.name,
+                media.label)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// UTF-8 PPD carrying Thai labels decodes intact — the English
+    /// base block wins precedence and no mojibake leaks through (#181,
+    /// R10). Exercises `loadPPD` through `capabilities(for:)`.
+    func testLoadPPDUtf8ThaiSurvivesDecode() async throws {
+        let (service, root) = try makeCupsService(
+            ppdData: Data(canonPPD.utf8),
+            listing: "CNIJMediaType/Media Type: *0 1")
+        defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+        let caps = try await service.capabilities(for: "Canon_Test")
+        XCTAssertEqual(caps.mediaTypes.map(\.name),
+            ["Plain Paper", "Photo Paper Plus Glossy II"])
+    }
+
+    /// A PPD that is not valid UTF-8 (lone `0xE9` for `é`) falls back
+    /// to ISO-Latin-1 instead of yielding nil → raw ids (#181, R10).
+    func testLoadPPDLatin1Fallback() async throws {
+        let ppd = "*CNIJMediaType 0/Papier Couché: \"\"\n"
+        let (service, root) = try makeCupsService(
+            ppdData: ppd.data(using: .isoLatin1)!,
+            listing: "CNIJMediaType/Media Type: *0")
+        defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+        let caps = try await service.capabilities(for: "Canon_Test")
+        XCTAssertEqual(caps.mediaTypes,
+            [PrinterMediaType(id: "0", name: "Papier Couché")])
+    }
+
+    /// Fixture `lpoptions` + `ppdDir` so `capabilities(for:)` reaches
+    /// the private `loadPPD` — same mock style as
+    /// `MediaLibraryViewModelTests.installMockCups`.
+    private func makeCupsService(
+        ppdData: Data,
+        listing: String,
+        queue: String = "Canon_Test"
+    ) throws -> (CupsService, URL) {
+        let root = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+            .appendingPathComponent("iccery-ppd-\(UUID().uuidString)")
+        let bin = root.appendingPathComponent("bin")
+        let ppdDir = root.appendingPathComponent("ppd")
+        for dir in [bin, ppdDir] {
+            try FileManager.default.createDirectory(
+                at: dir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+        }
+        let lpoptions = """
+            #!/bin/sh
+            printf '%s\\n' '\(listing)'
+            """
+        let scriptURL = bin.appendingPathComponent("lpoptions")
+        try lpoptions.write(to: scriptURL, atomically: true, encoding: .utf8)
+        try FileManager.default.setAttributes(
+            [.posixPermissions: 0o755], ofItemAtPath: scriptURL.path)
+        try ppdData.write(to: ppdDir.appendingPathComponent("\(queue).ppd"))
+        return (CupsService(
+            processManager: ProcessManager(),
+            binaryDir: bin, ppdDir: ppdDir), root)
+    }
 }

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/NativeSpoolPDFTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+import AppKit
+import CoreGraphics
+import Foundation
+import XCTest
+@testable import ICCery
+
+/// Issue #201 Phase 3 — real `NSPrintOperation` with
+/// `jobDisposition = .save`: proves the canvas paginates at paper size,
+/// draws the raster 1:1 at the top-left, and survives end-to-end
+/// without a printer. Skippable via `ICCERY_SKIP_PRINT_PDF=1` for
+/// hosts where the print system cannot run (R8).
+@MainActor
+final class NativeSpoolPDFTests: XCTestCase {
+
+    private var tempRoot: URL!
+
+    /// A4 in points.
+    private let paperSize = NSSize(width: 595.28, height: 841.89)
+    /// Known top-left patch colour — solid fill across the fixture.
+    private let patchBytes: [UInt8] = [230, 40, 50]
+
+    override func setUpWithError() throws {
+        tempRoot = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTempDirectory()
+    }
+
+    override func tearDownWithError() throws {
+        try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: tempRoot)
+    }
+
+    func testSavePDFDrawsPagesOneToOne() throws {
+        try XCTSkipIf(
+            ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["ICCERY_SKIP_PRINT_PDF"]
+                == "1",
+            "ICCERY_SKIP_PRINT_PDF=1 — print system unavailable")
+
+        // 72×72 px @ 72 dpi → a 72×72 pt solid block at the top-left.
+        let tiff = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 72, height: 72), dpi: 72,
+            components: 3, bitsPerComponent: 8,
+            pixelBytes: patchBytes, in: tempRoot)
+        let raster = try TargetRasterLoader.load(tiff: tiff)
+
+        let info = NSPrintInfo()
+        info.paperSize = paperSize
+        info.orientation = .portrait
+        info.topMargin = 0
+        info.bottomMargin = 0
+        info.leftMargin = 0
+        info.rightMargin = 0
+        info.horizontalPagination = .clip
+        info.verticalPagination = .clip
+        info.scalingFactor = 1.0
+        info.isHorizontallyCentered = false
+        info.isVerticallyCentered = false
+        info.jobDisposition = .save
+        let pdfURL = tempRoot.appendingPathComponent("spool.pdf")
+        info.dictionary()[NSPrintInfo.AttributeKey.jobSavingURL] = pdfURL
+
+        let canvas = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: [raster, raster], paperSize: paperSize)
+        let operation = NSPrintOperation(view: canvas, printInfo: info)
+        operation.showsPrintPanel = false
+        operation.showsProgressPanel = false
+        operation.canSpawnSeparateThread = false
+
+        XCTAssertTrue(operation.run(),
+                      "NSPrintOperation.save failed")
+        XCTAssertTrue(
+            FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: pdfURL.path))
+
+        let document = try XCTUnwrap(
+            CGPDFDocument(pdfURL as CFURL))
+        XCTAssertEqual(document.numberOfPages, 2)
+
+        let page = try XCTUnwrap(document.page(at: 1))
+        let mediaBox = page.getBoxRect(.mediaBox)
+        XCTAssertEqual(mediaBox.width, paperSize.width, accuracy: 0.5)
+        XCTAssertEqual(mediaBox.height, paperSize.height, accuracy: 0.5)
+
+        try assertTopLeftPatch(on: page, mediaBox: mediaBox)
+    }
+
+    /// Render the page at 1 px/pt and check the fixture's solid block
+    /// landed at the top-left at its point size — the coarse 1:1 +
+    /// no-scaling check.
+    private func assertTopLeftPatch(
+        on page: CGPDFPage, mediaBox: CGRect
+    ) throws {
+        let width = Int(ceil(mediaBox.width))
+        let height = Int(ceil(mediaBox.height))
+        let rep = try XCTUnwrap(NSBitmapImageRep(
+            bitmapDataPlanes: nil,
+            pixelsWide: width,
+            pixelsHigh: height,
+            bitsPerSample: 8,
+            samplesPerPixel: 4,
+            hasAlpha: true,
+            isPlanar: false,
+            colorSpaceName: .deviceRGB,
+            bytesPerRow: 0,
+            bitsPerPixel: 0))
+        let context = try XCTUnwrap(
+            NSGraphicsContext(bitmapImageRep: rep))
+        let cg = context.cgContext
+        let transform = page.getDrawingTransform(
+            .mediaBox,
+            rect: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height),
+            rotate: 0, preserveAspectRatio: true)
+        NSGraphicsContext.saveGraphicsState()
+        NSGraphicsContext.current = context
+        cg.concatenate(transform)
+        cg.drawPDFPage(page)
+        NSGraphicsContext.restoreGraphicsState()
+
+        func pixel(_ x: Int, _ y: Int) throws -> (Double, Double, Double) {
+            let color = try XCTUnwrap(
+                rep.colorAt(x: x, y: y)?.usingColorSpace(.deviceRGB))
+            return (color.redComponent,
+                    color.greenComponent,
+                    color.blueComponent)
+        }
+        func isPatch(_ p: (Double, Double, Double)) -> Bool {
+            abs(p.0 - Double(patchBytes[0]) / 255) < 0.04
+                && abs(p.1 - Double(patchBytes[1]) / 255) < 0.04
+                && abs(p.2 - Double(patchBytes[2]) / 255) < 0.04
+        }
+
+        // The print system insets the view by the queue's unprintable
+        // margin (R10) — host-dependent, ~18 pt on this machine — so
+        // the block's anchor is the painted region's top-left, not
+        // (0,0). Find the painted origin by the first opaque pixel.
+        var originX = width, originY = height
+        for y in 0..<height {
+            for x in 0..<width
+            where (rep.colorAt(x: x, y: y)?.alphaComponent ?? 0) > 0.5 {
+                originX = min(originX, x)
+                originY = min(originY, y)
+            }
+        }
+        XCTAssertLessThan(originX, width, "PDF page rendered empty")
+        XCTAssertLessThan(originY, height, "PDF page rendered empty")
+
+        // 10 px inside the 72 pt block on each axis → patch colour.
+        XCTAssertTrue(try isPatch(pixel(originX + 10, originY + 10)),
+                      "top-left block is not the fixture colour")
+
+        // Measure the block's painted width on a row through it:
+        // 72 pt at 1 px/pt — the 1:1 / no-scaling assertion.
+        var blockWidth = 0
+        var x = originX
+        while x < width,
+              isPatch(try pixel(x, originY + 10)) {
+            blockWidth += 1
+            x += 1
+        }
+        XCTAssertEqual(blockWidth, 72, accuracy: 2)
+
+        // Past the block edge the canvas's white page fill shows.
+        let outside = try pixel(originX + 80, originY + 80)
+        XCTAssertEqual(outside.0, 1, accuracy: 0.04)
+        XCTAssertEqual(outside.1, 1, accuracy: 0.04)
+        XCTAssertEqual(outside.2, 1, accuracy: 0.04)
+    }
+}

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/PrintPanelTests.swift

@@ -69,6 +69,24 @@ final class PrintPanelStubTests: XCTestCase {
         }
     }
 
+    /// #186 — a vendor media key in the captured string reaches
+    /// `options.mediaType` through the detection roster
+    /// (`CNIJMediaType`/`StpMediaType`, not only `MediaType`).
+    func testOkResultExtractsVendorMediaKey() throws {
+        try withEnv([
+            "ICCERY_UI_TESTING": "1",
+            "ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL": "ok",
+            "ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS":
+                "PageSize=A4 orientation-requested=4 CNIJMediaType=Photo",
+            "ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_PRINTER": nil,
+        ]) {
+            let result = UITestHooks.printPanelResult(forQueue: "q")
+            XCTAssertEqual(result?.options.paperSize, "A4")
+            XCTAssertEqual(result?.options.orientation, "landscape")
+            XCTAssertEqual(result?.options.mediaType, "Photo")
+        }
+    }
+
     func testOkDefaultsPrinter() throws {
         try withEnv([
             "ICCERY_UI_TESTING": "1",

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/PrintSessionViewModelTests.swift

@@ -244,4 +244,149 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModelTests: XCTestCase {
         XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedPaperSize, 4)
         XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedQuality, "305")
     }
+
+    /// #186 — the captured `orientation-requested`/media token apply
+    /// back to `printOrientation`/`selectedMediaType`, and a dialog
+    /// result never mutates `workflow.pageSize` (printtarg layout).
+    func testPanelResultAppliesBackOrientationAndMedia() async throws {
+        setenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING", "1", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL", "ok", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS",
+               "orientation-requested=4 MediaType=Glossy", 1)
+        defer {
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS")
+        }
+
+        let workflow = makeWorkflow()
+        workflow.pageSize = .a4
+        await loadCaps(workflow.print)
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.printOrientation, "portrait")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedMediaType, "Stationery")
+
+        workflow.print.openPrinterPreferences()
+        await waitForNotice(workflow.print, containing: "Settings captured")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.printOrientation, "landscape")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedMediaType, "Glossy")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.pageSize, .a4)
+    }
+
+    /// #186 — a captured `PageSize` token with no capability match
+    /// leaves `selectedPaperSize` unchanged (never a guessed id).
+    func testPanelResultUnknownPaperLeavesSelection() async throws {
+        setenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING", "1", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL", "ok", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS", "PageSize=Bogus", 1)
+        defer {
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS")
+        }
+
+        let workflow = makeWorkflow()
+        workflow.pageSize = .a4
+        await loadCaps(workflow.print)
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedPaperSize, 3)
+
+        workflow.print.openPrinterPreferences()
+        await waitForNotice(workflow.print, containing: "Settings captured")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedPaperSize, 3)
+    }
+
+    /// #186 — a stub result pointing at another queue in `printers`
+    /// switches `selectedPrinter` and reloads its capabilities.
+    func testPanelResultSwitchesToKnownQueue() async throws {
+        setenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING", "1", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL", "ok", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS", "PageSize=Letter", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_PRINTER", "Other_Q", 1)
+        defer {
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_PRINTER")
+        }
+
+        let workflow = makeWorkflow()
+        workflow.pageSize = .a4
+        workflow.print.printers = [
+            Printer(name: "Mock_Q", isDefault: true),
+            Printer(name: "Other_Q"),
+        ]
+        await loadCaps(workflow.print)
+
+        workflow.print.openPrinterPreferences()
+        await waitForNotice(
+            workflow.print, containing: "Settings captured for Other_Q")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedPrinter, "Other_Q")
+        // Caps reloaded for the new queue: paper re-seeded, then the
+        // captured PageSize applied back onto the new caps.
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedPaperSize, 4)
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.capturedCupsOptions["Other_Q"],
+            "PageSize=Letter")
+    }
+
+    /// #186 — a stub result naming a queue absent from `printers`
+    /// leaves the selection on the opened queue.
+    func testPanelResultGhostQueueIgnored() async throws {
+        setenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING", "1", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL", "ok", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_PRINTER", "Ghost_Q", 1)
+        defer {
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_PRINTER")
+        }
+
+        let workflow = makeWorkflow()
+        workflow.pageSize = .a4
+        workflow.print.printers = [Printer(name: "Mock_Q", isDefault: true)]
+        await loadCaps(workflow.print)
+
+        workflow.print.openPrinterPreferences()
+        await waitForNotice(
+            workflow.print, containing: "Settings captured for Mock_Q")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedPrinter, "Mock_Q")
+    }
+
+    /// #186 — cancel returns `nil`: info notice, no field changes.
+    func testPanelCancelLeavesSelections() async throws {
+        setenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING", "1", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL", "cancel", 1)
+        defer {
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL")
+        }
+
+        let workflow = makeWorkflow()
+        workflow.pageSize = .a4
+        await loadCaps(workflow.print)
+        workflow.print.printOrientation = "landscape"
+
+        workflow.print.openPrinterPreferences()
+        await waitForNotice(workflow.print, containing: "cancelled")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedPaperSize, 3)
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedQuality, "303")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedMediaType, "Stationery")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.printOrientation, "landscape")
+        XCTAssertTrue(workflow.print.capturedCupsOptions.isEmpty)
+    }
+
+    /// Poll until the panel task posts a notice whose text contains
+    /// `fragment` (the Task-completion signal for `nil` results too).
+    private func waitForNotice(
+        _ vm: PrintSessionViewModel,
+        containing fragment: String,
+        timeout: TimeInterval = 10
+    ) async {
+        let deadline = Date().addingTimeInterval(timeout)
+        while Date() < deadline {
+            if let text = vm.printNotice?.text, text.contains(fragment) {
+                return
+            }
+            try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: 100_000_000)
+        }
+        XCTFail("Timed out waiting for notice containing '\(fragment)'")
+    }
 }

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/PrintTicketTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+import AppKit
+import Foundation
+import XCTest
+@testable import ICCery
+
+/// Issue #201 Phase 2 — `PMTicketBridge.serialise`/`restore` byte
+/// round-trip, cross-queue refusal (R3), plist fallback, and the
+/// `takeRetainedValue` ownership canary.
+@MainActor
+final class PrintTicketTests: XCTestCase {
+
+    /// The queue a destination `NSPrintInfo` will report as bound —
+    /// the session's current printer, else the Cocoa printer name,
+    /// else a synthetic token for a queue-less environment.
+    private func boundQueue(of printInfo: NSPrintInfo) -> String {
+        PMTicketBridge.currentPrinterID(
+            session: PMTicketBridge.session(printInfo),
+            fallback: "UnboundQueue")
+    }
+
+    func testRoundTripRetainsVendorValue() throws {
+        let source = NSPrintInfo()
+        XCTAssertTrue(
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
+                "305", forKey: "EPIJ_Qual", locked: false,
+                in: PMTicketBridge.settings(source),
+                context: "PrintTicketTests"))
+
+        let target = NSPrintInfo()
+        let ticket = try PMTicketBridge.serialise(
+            source, queue: boundQueue(of: target))
+        try PMTicketBridge.restore(ticket, into: target)
+
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            PMTicketBridge.stringValue(
+                forKey: "EPIJ_Qual",
+                in: PMTicketBridge.settings(target)),
+            "305")
+    }
+
+    func testPrintSettingsDataIsXmlPlist() throws {
+        let ticket = try PMTicketBridge.serialise(
+            NSPrintInfo(), queue: "AnyQueue")
+        XCTAssertFalse(ticket.printSettings.isEmpty)
+        XCTAssertFalse(ticket.pageFormat.isEmpty)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            String(decoding: ticket.printSettings.prefix(5),
+                   as: UTF8.self),
+            "<?xml")
+    }
+
+    func testCrossQueueReplayIsRefused() throws {
+        let target = NSPrintInfo()
+        let bound = boundQueue(of: target)
+        let foreign = "DefinitelyNot_\(bound)"
+        try XCTSkipIf(
+            bound == foreign,
+            "destination resolved to the foreign queue")
+
+        // Sentinel on the destination — a refused restore must leave
+        // the target's settings untouched.
+        XCTAssertTrue(
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
+                "999", forKey: "EPIJ_Qual", locked: false,
+                in: PMTicketBridge.settings(target),
+                context: "PrintTicketTests"))
+
+        let source = NSPrintInfo()
+        XCTAssertTrue(
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
+                "305", forKey: "EPIJ_Qual", locked: false,
+                in: PMTicketBridge.settings(source),
+                context: "PrintTicketTests"))
+        let ticket = try PMTicketBridge.serialise(
+            source, queue: foreign)
+
+        try PMTicketBridge.restore(ticket, into: target)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            PMTicketBridge.stringValue(
+                forKey: "EPIJ_Qual",
+                in: PMTicketBridge.settings(target)),
+            "999")
+    }
+
+    func testPrintInfoPlistFallbackRoundTrips() throws {
+        let source = NSPrintInfo()
+        // The `com.apple.print.PrintSettings` entry only exists once
+        // something writes into the attribute dictionary — the
+        // ColorSync mirror does this on the real panel path.
+        source.dictionary()[
+            NSPrintInfo.AttributeKey("com.apple.print.PrintSettings")] =
+            ["PMColorMatchingMode": "APCustomColorMatching"]
+                as NSDictionary
+        let ticket = try PMTicketBridge.serialise(
+            source, queue: "AnyQueue")
+        let data = try XCTUnwrap(ticket.printInfoPlist)
+        let object = try PropertyListSerialization.propertyList(
+            from: data, options: [], format: nil)
+        let dictionary = try XCTUnwrap(object as? [String: Any])
+        XCTAssertNotNil(
+            dictionary["com.apple.print.PrintSettings"])
+    }
+
+    /// 200× serialise loop — a `takeRetainedValue` over/under-release
+    /// canary. Byte counts must stay stable; ASan + Malloc Scribble
+    /// catches an actual imbalance.
+    func testSerialiseIsStableAcrossIterations() throws {
+        let source = NSPrintInfo()
+        var firstCount: Int?
+        for _ in 0..<200 {
+            let ticket = try PMTicketBridge.serialise(
+                source, queue: "AnyQueue")
+            if let first = firstCount {
+                XCTAssertEqual(ticket.printSettings.count, first)
+            } else {
+                firstCount = ticket.printSettings.count
+            }
+        }
+        XCTAssertNotNil(firstCount)
+    }
+}

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/TargetCanvasGeometryTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+import AppKit
+import CoreGraphics
+import Foundation
+import XCTest
+@testable import ICCery
+
+/// Issue #201 Phase 3 — `TargetPageCanvasView` top-down page stacking,
+/// snapped top-left anchoring, and the draw-time interpolation /
+/// antialias contract asserted via `drawProbe`.
+@MainActor
+final class TargetCanvasGeometryTests: XCTestCase {
+
+    /// A4-ish paper, points.
+    private let paperSize = NSSize(width: 595.28, height: 841.89)
+
+    private func raster(
+        pixelWidth: Int = 2480,
+        pixelHeight: Int = 3508,
+        dpi: Double = 300
+    ) -> TargetPageRaster {
+        let image = TargetTestFixtures.makeImage(
+            px: CGSize(width: 8, height: 8),
+            components: 3, bitsPerComponent: 8)!
+        return TargetPageRaster(
+            sourceURL: URL(fileURLWithPath: "/fixture.tiff"),
+            cgImage: image,
+            pixelWidth: pixelWidth,
+            pixelHeight: pixelHeight,
+            dpiX: dpi, dpiY: dpi,
+            componentCount: 3,
+            bitsPerComponent: 8,
+            expectedWidthMm: nil,
+            expectedHeightMm: nil)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Page stacking
+
+    func testRectForPageStacksTopDown() {
+        let view = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: [raster(), raster(), raster()],
+            paperSize: paperSize)
+        XCTAssertTrue(view.isFlipped)
+
+        let page1 = view.rectForPage(1)
+        let page3 = view.rectForPage(3)
+        XCTAssertEqual(page1.minY, 0, accuracy: 0.001)
+        XCTAssertEqual(page3.minY, 2 * paperSize.height, accuracy: 0.001)
+        XCTAssertEqual(page1.size, paperSize)
+        XCTAssertEqual(page3.size, paperSize)
+    }
+
+    func testKnowsPageRangeAndFrame() {
+        let view = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: [raster(), raster()],
+            paperSize: paperSize)
+        var range = NSRange()
+        XCTAssertTrue(view.knowsPageRange(&range))
+        XCTAssertEqual(range, NSRange(location: 1, length: 2))
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            view.frame.height, 2 * paperSize.height, accuracy: 0.001)
+        XCTAssertEqual(view.frame.width, paperSize.width, accuracy: 0.001)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Destination rect
+
+    func testDestinationRectAnchorsTopLeftAndSnaps() {
+        let view = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: [raster(), raster()],
+            paperSize: paperSize)
+
+        let first = view.destinationRect(forPage: 1)
+        XCTAssertEqual(first.origin.x, 0, accuracy: 0.001)
+        XCTAssertEqual(first.origin.y, 0, accuracy: 0.001)
+        XCTAssertEqual(first.width, 595.2, accuracy: 0.01)
+        XCTAssertEqual(first.height, 841.92, accuracy: 0.01)
+
+        let second = view.destinationRect(forPage: 2)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            second.origin.y, paperSize.height, accuracy: 0.001)
+        XCTAssertEqual(second.size, first.size)
+
+        for rect in [first, second] {
+            XCTAssertEqual(
+                rect.origin.x * 1000,
+                (rect.origin.x * 1000).rounded(),
+                accuracy: 1e-9)
+            XCTAssertEqual(
+                rect.origin.y * 1000,
+                (rect.origin.y * 1000).rounded(),
+                accuracy: 1e-9)
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Draw flags
+
+    /// Render the canvas into an offscreen bitmap context and assert —
+    /// from inside `drawProbe` — that interpolation and antialiasing
+    /// are off and the drawn rect is `destinationRect(forPage:)`.
+    func testDrawDisablesInterpolationAndAntialias() throws {
+        let pages = [raster(), raster()]
+        let view = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: pages, paperSize: paperSize)
+
+        let rep = try XCTUnwrap(NSBitmapImageRep(
+            bitmapDataPlanes: nil,
+            pixelsWide: Int(ceil(view.frame.width)),
+            pixelsHigh: Int(ceil(view.frame.height)),
+            bitsPerSample: 8,
+            samplesPerPixel: 4,
+            hasAlpha: true,
+            isPlanar: false,
+            colorSpaceName: .deviceRGB,
+            bytesPerRow: 0,
+            bitsPerPixel: 0))
+        let context = try XCTUnwrap(
+            NSGraphicsContext(bitmapImageRep: rep))
+
+        var probed: [(page: Int, rect: NSRect)] = []
+        view.drawProbe = { ctx, page, rect in
+            XCTAssertEqual(ctx.imageInterpolation, .none,
+                           "page \(page): interpolation not .none")
+            XCTAssertFalse(ctx.shouldAntialias,
+                           "page \(page): antialiasing still on")
+            probed.append((page, rect))
+        }
+
+        NSGraphicsContext.saveGraphicsState()
+        NSGraphicsContext.current = context
+        view.draw(view.bounds)
+        NSGraphicsContext.restoreGraphicsState()
+
+        XCTAssertEqual(probed.count, pages.count)
+        for (page, rect) in probed {
+            XCTAssertEqual(
+                rect, view.destinationRect(forPage: page),
+                "page \(page): probe rect mismatch")
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// A dirty rect covering only page 2's band must draw only page 2.
+    func testDrawSkipsPagesOutsideDirtyRect() throws {
+        let view = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: [raster(), raster(), raster()],
+            paperSize: paperSize)
+
+        let rep = try XCTUnwrap(NSBitmapImageRep(
+            bitmapDataPlanes: nil,
+            pixelsWide: Int(ceil(view.frame.width)),
+            pixelsHigh: Int(ceil(view.frame.height)),
+            bitsPerSample: 8,
+            samplesPerPixel: 4,
+            hasAlpha: true,
+            isPlanar: false,
+            colorSpaceName: .deviceRGB,
+            bytesPerRow: 0,
+            bitsPerPixel: 0))
+        let context = try XCTUnwrap(
+            NSGraphicsContext(bitmapImageRep: rep))
+
+        var probedPages: [Int] = []
+        view.drawProbe = { _, page, _ in probedPages.append(page) }
+
+        NSGraphicsContext.saveGraphicsState()
+        NSGraphicsContext.current = context
+        view.draw(view.rectForPage(2))
+        NSGraphicsContext.restoreGraphicsState()
+
+        XCTAssertEqual(probedPages, [2])
+    }
+}

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/TargetRasterFixtures.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+import CoreGraphics
+import Foundation
+import ImageIO
+import UniformTypeIdentifiers
+
+/// Shared TIFF fixture builder for the #201 raster / canvas / PDF
+/// harness tests. Writes real TIFFs via `CGImageDestination` so the
+/// loader exercises the same decode path as production.
+enum TargetTestFixtures {
+
+    enum FixtureError: Error {
+        case imageNotCreated
+        case destinationNotCreated
+        case finalizeFailed
+    }
+
+    /// Fresh per-test directory under the temp root.
+    static func makeTempDirectory() throws -> URL {
+        let url = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+            .appendingPathComponent("iccery-raster-\(UUID().uuidString)")
+        try FileManager.default.createDirectory(
+            at: url, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+        return url
+    }
+
+    /// A solid-fill (or repeating-pattern) `CGImage` with a device
+    /// colour space for 1/3/4 components at 8 or 16 bpc. `alpha: true`
+    /// appends one alpha sample per pixel (`last`). `pixelBytes` is the
+    /// repeating per-pixel pattern (big-endian for 16 bpc).
+    static func makeImage(
+        px: CGSize,
+        components: Int,
+        bitsPerComponent: Int,
+        alpha: Bool = false,
+        pixelBytes: [UInt8]? = nil
+    ) -> CGImage? {
+        let width = Int(px.width)
+        let height = Int(px.height)
+        let bytesPerComponent = bitsPerComponent / 8
+        let samples = components + (alpha ? 1 : 0)
+        let bytesPerPixel = samples * bytesPerComponent
+        let bytesPerRow = width * bytesPerPixel
+        let pattern = pixelBytes
+            ?? Array(0..<bytesPerPixel).map { UInt8(($0 * 37 + 11) & 0xff) }
+        var row = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: bytesPerRow)
+        for offset in stride(from: 0, to: bytesPerRow, by: pattern.count) {
+            for (index, byte) in pattern.enumerated()
+            where offset + index < bytesPerRow {
+                row[offset + index] = byte
+            }
+        }
+        var bytes = [UInt8]()
+        bytes.reserveCapacity(bytesPerRow * height)
+        for _ in 0..<height {
+            bytes.append(contentsOf: row)
+        }
+        let data = Data(bytes)
+
+        let space: CGColorSpace
+        switch components {
+        case 1: space = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceGray()
+        case 3: space = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB()
+        case 4: space = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceCMYK()
+        default: return nil
+        }
+        var info = CGBitmapInfo()
+        if bitsPerComponent == 16 {
+            info.insert(.byteOrder16Big)
+        }
+        if alpha {
+            info = CGBitmapInfo(
+                rawValue: info.rawValue | CGImageAlphaInfo.last.rawValue)
+        }
+        guard let provider = CGDataProvider(data: data as CFData)
+        else { return nil }
+        return CGImage(
+            width: width, height: height,
+            bitsPerComponent: bitsPerComponent,
+            bitsPerPixel: bitsPerComponent * samples,
+            bytesPerRow: bytesPerRow,
+            space: space,
+            bitmapInfo: info,
+            provider: provider,
+            decode: nil,
+            shouldInterpolate: false,
+            intent: .defaultIntent)
+    }
+
+    /// Writes `makeImage` output to a single-page TIFF. `dpi` nil
+    /// produces a TIFF with no resolution tags (the 72-fallback path).
+    static func makeTIFF(
+        px: CGSize,
+        dpi: Double?,
+        components: Int = 3,
+        bitsPerComponent: Int = 8,
+        alpha: Bool = false,
+        pixelBytes: [UInt8]? = nil,
+        in directory: URL
+    ) throws -> URL {
+        guard let image = makeImage(
+            px: px, components: components,
+            bitsPerComponent: bitsPerComponent,
+            alpha: alpha, pixelBytes: pixelBytes)
+        else { throw FixtureError.imageNotCreated }
+        let url = directory.appendingPathComponent(
+            "fixture-\(UUID().uuidString).tiff")
+        guard let destination = CGImageDestinationCreateWithURL(
+            url as CFURL, UTType.tiff.identifier as CFString, 1, nil)
+        else { throw FixtureError.destinationNotCreated }
+        var properties: [CFString: Any] = [:]
+        if let dpi {
+            properties[kCGImagePropertyDPIWidth] = dpi
+            properties[kCGImagePropertyDPIHeight] = dpi
+            properties[kCGImagePropertyTIFFDictionary] = [
+                kCGImagePropertyTIFFXResolution: dpi,
+                kCGImagePropertyTIFFYResolution: dpi,
+                kCGImagePropertyTIFFResolutionUnit: 2,   // inches
+            ]
+        }
+        CGImageDestinationAddImage(
+            destination, image, properties as CFDictionary)
+        guard CGImageDestinationFinalize(destination)
+        else { throw FixtureError.finalizeFailed }
+        return url
+    }
+}

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/TargetRasterTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+import CoreGraphics
+import Foundation
+import ImageIO
+import XCTest
+@testable import ICCery
+
+/// Issue #201 Phase 3 — `TargetRasterLoader` DPI handling, device
+/// re-tag (D10), unsupported-layout rejection, and manifest drift (D9).
+final class TargetRasterTests: XCTestCase {
+
+    private var tempRoot: URL!
+
+    override func setUpWithError() throws {
+        tempRoot = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTempDirectory()
+    }
+
+    override func tearDownWithError() throws {
+        try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: tempRoot)
+    }
+
+    private func load(_ url: URL) throws -> TargetPageRaster {
+        try TargetRasterLoader.load(tiff: url)
+    }
+
+    /// Decode index 0 the same way the loader does, for provider-byte
+    /// comparisons that prove the re-tag did not resample.
+    private func decoded(_ url: URL) throws -> CGImage {
+        let source = try XCTUnwrap(
+            CGImageSourceCreateWithURL(url as CFURL, nil))
+        return try XCTUnwrap(
+            CGImageSourceCreateImageAtIndex(source, 0, nil))
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - pointSize / physicalMm
+
+    func testPointSizeFromDPI() throws {
+        let url = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 2480, height: 3508), dpi: 300,
+            in: tempRoot)
+        let raster = try load(url)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.pointSize.width, 595.2, accuracy: 0.01)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.pointSize.height, 841.92, accuracy: 0.01)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.physicalMm.width, 209.97, accuracy: 0.01)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.physicalMm.height, 297.01, accuracy: 0.01)
+    }
+
+    func testPointSizeAt600dpi() throws {
+        let url = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 1200, height: 1800), dpi: 600,
+            in: tempRoot)
+        let raster = try load(url)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.pointSize.width, 144, accuracy: 0.01)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.pointSize.height, 216, accuracy: 0.01)
+    }
+
+    func testMissingDPIFallsBackTo72() throws {
+        let url = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 100, height: 80), dpi: nil,
+            in: tempRoot)
+        let raster = try load(url)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.dpiX, TargetRasterLoader.fallbackDPI)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.dpiY, TargetRasterLoader.fallbackDPI)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.pointSize.width, 100, accuracy: 0.01)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.pointSize.height, 80, accuracy: 0.01)
+    }
+
+    func testMissingFileThrows() {
+        let url = tempRoot.appendingPathComponent("nope.tiff")
+        XCTAssertThrowsError(try load(url)) { error in
+            XCTAssertEqual(
+                error as? TargetRasterError,
+                .tiffMissing(url.path))
+        }
+    }
+
+    func testGarbageFileThrowsUndecodable() throws {
+        let url = tempRoot.appendingPathComponent("junk.tiff")
+        try Data([0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03]).write(to: url)
+        XCTAssertThrowsError(try load(url)) { error in
+            XCTAssertEqual(
+                error as? TargetRasterError,
+                .undecodable(url.path))
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - deviceTagged (D10)
+
+    func testDeviceTaggedRGB8() throws {
+        let source = try XCTUnwrap(TargetTestFixtures.makeImage(
+            px: CGSize(width: 16, height: 16),
+            components: 3, bitsPerComponent: 8))
+        let tagged = try XCTUnwrap(
+            TargetRasterLoader.deviceTagged(source))
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.colorSpace?.model, .rgb)
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.bitsPerComponent, 8)
+        XCTAssertFalse(tagged.shouldInterpolate)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            tagged.dataProvider?.data as? Data,
+            source.dataProvider?.data as? Data)
+    }
+
+    func testDeviceTaggedCMYK8() throws {
+        let source = try XCTUnwrap(TargetTestFixtures.makeImage(
+            px: CGSize(width: 16, height: 16),
+            components: 4, bitsPerComponent: 8))
+        let tagged = try XCTUnwrap(
+            TargetRasterLoader.deviceTagged(source))
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.colorSpace?.model, .cmyk)
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.bitsPerComponent, 8)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            tagged.dataProvider?.data as? Data,
+            source.dataProvider?.data as? Data)
+    }
+
+    func testDeviceTaggedGray8() throws {
+        let source = try XCTUnwrap(TargetTestFixtures.makeImage(
+            px: CGSize(width: 16, height: 16),
+            components: 1, bitsPerComponent: 8))
+        let tagged = try XCTUnwrap(
+            TargetRasterLoader.deviceTagged(source))
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.colorSpace?.model, .monochrome)
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.bitsPerComponent, 8)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            tagged.dataProvider?.data as? Data,
+            source.dataProvider?.data as? Data)
+    }
+
+    func testDeviceTaggedRGB16KeepsBitDepth() throws {
+        let source = try XCTUnwrap(TargetTestFixtures.makeImage(
+            px: CGSize(width: 16, height: 16),
+            components: 3, bitsPerComponent: 16))
+        let tagged = try XCTUnwrap(
+            TargetRasterLoader.deviceTagged(source))
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.colorSpace?.model, .rgb)
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.bitsPerComponent, 16)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            tagged.dataProvider?.data as? Data,
+            source.dataProvider?.data as? Data)
+    }
+
+    /// The loaded raster reuses the decoder's provider verbatim — byte
+    /// equality is the no-resample guarantee (R5).
+    func testLoadedRasterSharesDecodedBytes() throws {
+        let url = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 32, height: 24), dpi: 300,
+            in: tempRoot)
+        let raster = try load(url)
+        let decoded = try decoded(url)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            raster.cgImage.dataProvider?.data as? Data,
+            decoded.dataProvider?.data as? Data)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.cgImage.colorSpace?.model, .rgb)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Rejections
+
+    func testAlphaTIFFThrowsUnsupportedLayout() throws {
+        let url = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 16, height: 16), dpi: 300,
+            components: 3, alpha: true, in: tempRoot)
+        XCTAssertThrowsError(try load(url)) { error in
+            guard case .unsupportedLayout(_, _, _, let hasAlpha) =
+                error as? TargetRasterError
+            else {
+                return XCTFail("expected unsupportedLayout, got \(error)")
+            }
+            XCTAssertTrue(hasAlpha)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func testDeviceTaggedRejectsFloat() throws {
+        var info = CGBitmapInfo(rawValue: CGImageAlphaInfo.none.rawValue)
+        info.insert(.floatComponents)
+        info.insert(.byteOrder32Little)
+        var bytes = [Float](repeating: 0.5, count: 4 * 4 * 3)
+        let floatImage = bytes.withUnsafeMutableBytes { buffer -> CGImage? in
+            CGImage(
+                width: 4, height: 4,
+                bitsPerComponent: 32, bitsPerPixel: 96,
+                bytesPerRow: 4 * 3 * 4,
+                space: CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB(),
+                bitmapInfo: info,
+                provider: CGDataProvider(data: Data(buffer) as CFData)!,
+                decode: nil, shouldInterpolate: false,
+                intent: .defaultIntent)
+        }
+        bytes = []
+        let image = try XCTUnwrap(floatImage)
+        XCTAssertNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceTagged(image))
+    }
+
+    func testDeviceTaggedRejectsIndexed() throws {
+        var table = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: 256 * 3)
+        let indexed = try XCTUnwrap(CGColorSpace(
+            indexedBaseSpace: CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB(),
+            last: 255, colorTable: &table))
+        let image = try XCTUnwrap(CGImage(
+            width: 8, height: 8,
+            bitsPerComponent: 8, bitsPerPixel: 8,
+            bytesPerRow: 8,
+            space: indexed,
+            bitmapInfo: CGBitmapInfo(),
+            provider: CGDataProvider(
+                data: Data(repeating: 7, count: 64) as CFData)!,
+            decode: nil, shouldInterpolate: false,
+            intent: .defaultIntent))
+        XCTAssertNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceTagged(image))
+    }
+
+    /// No 2-component `CGImage` is fabricatable through public API —
+    /// the rejection lives in `deviceSpace(for:)`, asserted here.
+    func testDeviceSpaceRejectsTwoAndFiveComponents() {
+        XCTAssertNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceSpace(for: 2))
+        XCTAssertNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceSpace(for: 0))
+        XCTAssertNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceSpace(for: 5))
+        XCTAssertNotNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceSpace(for: 1))
+        XCTAssertNotNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceSpace(for: 3))
+        XCTAssertNotNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceSpace(for: 4))
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Manifest drift (D9)
+
+    func testManifestDriftWhenMismatch() throws {
+        let url = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 2480, height: 3508), dpi: 300,
+            in: tempRoot)
+        let raster = try TargetRasterLoader.load(
+            tiff: url, expectedWidthMm: 200, expectedHeightMm: 297)
+        XCTAssertNotNil(raster.manifestDrift)
+    }
+
+    func testManifestDriftNilWhenMatching() throws {
+        let url = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 2480, height: 3508), dpi: 300,
+            in: tempRoot)
+        // 2480 px @300 dpi = 209.97 mm — inside the 0.5 mm band.
+        let raster = try TargetRasterLoader.load(
+            tiff: url, expectedWidthMm: 210, expectedHeightMm: 297)
+        XCTAssertNil(raster.manifestDrift)
+    }
+}

Tests/ICCeryUITests/Milestone11PrintSettingsUITests.swift

@@ -188,6 +188,50 @@ final class Milestone11PrintSettingsUITests: XCTestCase {
         XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("EPIJ_Qual=305"), argv)
     }
 
+    /// #186 — the stubbed panel result's `orientation-requested=` /
+    /// `MediaType=` apply back to the Stage 2 selections and reach the
+    /// `lp` argv through the captured `cupsOptions` replay.
+    func testPanelResultAppliesBackOrientationAndMedia() throws {
+        app.launchEnvironment["ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL"] = "ok"
+        app.launchEnvironment["ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS"] =
+            "PageSize=Letter EPIJ_Qual=305 orientation-requested=4 MediaType=PhotographicGlossy"
+        launchAppWithDefaults()
+        reachPrintPanel()
+        _ = waitFor("printerStatusBadge")
+
+        element("btnPrinterProperties").click()
+        let notice = element("printNotificationText")
+        XCTAssertTrue(notice.waitForExistence(timeout: 10))
+        XCTAssertTrue((notice.value as? String ?? "")
+            .contains("Settings captured"))
+
+        // `printerMediaTypeSelect` is the group's id — the popup is a
+        // descendant (stacked identifiers collapse to the container).
+        // The popup's AX title lags the binding — poll for the
+        // apply-back value.
+        let mediaPopup = element("printerMediaTypeSelect")
+            .descendants(matching: .popUpButton).firstMatch
+        XCTAssertTrue(mediaPopup.waitForExistence(timeout: 5))
+        var mediaSelection = ""
+        let deadline = Date().addingTimeInterval(10)
+        while Date() < deadline, mediaSelection != "PhotographicGlossy" {
+            mediaSelection = [
+                mediaPopup.title, mediaPopup.label,
+                mediaPopup.value as? String ?? "",
+            ].first { !$0.isEmpty } ?? ""
+            RunLoop.current.run(until: Date().addingTimeInterval(0.2))
+        }
+        XCTAssertEqual(mediaSelection, "PhotographicGlossy")
+        XCTAssertEqual(selection(of: "printerPaperSizeSelect"), "Letter")
+
+        app.buttons["btnPrintAll"].click()
+        let argv = waitForLpLine()
+        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("orientation-requested=4"), argv)
+        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("MediaType=PhotographicGlossy"), argv)
+        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("PageSize=Letter"), argv)
+        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("EPIJ_Qual=305"), argv)
+    }
+
     private func launchAppWithDefaults() {
         app.launch()
         app.activate()

project.yml

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ targets:
         INFOPLIST_KEY_LSMinimumSystemVersion: "12.0"
         INFOPLIST_KEY_NSPrincipalClass: NSApplication
         INFOPLIST_KEY_NSHumanReadableCopyright: "Copyright © 2026 Gronod. AGPLv3."
-        MARKETING_VERSION: "2.0.0"
+        MARKETING_VERSION: "2.0.1"
         CURRENT_PROJECT_VERSION: "1"
         # Stamped by scripts/version.sh at packaging/CI time (release tag or
         # `git describe` string); About shows it next to the marketing version.