fix(print): anchor raster at page top in bottom-up canvas space (#211)

226e7b2 un-flipped the canvas but left destinationRect anchored at
pageRect.minY — the page's BOTTOM edge in bottom-up space — so
sub-page targets printed at the foot of the sheet and oversize
targets clipped their top rows. Anchor at pageRect.maxY - height,
restoring the spec'd top-left anchor (docs/14 §6, D9).

Adds the missing regression coverage: the geometry test now asserts
the top anchor with a sub-page raster, and the PDF harness gains a
banded (red-over-blue) fixture that fails on either a mirrored draw
or a bottom anchor — solid fills could catch neither.

AGENTS.md

@@ -11,8 +11,12 @@ Native macOS printer ICC/ICM profiling frontend. Drives the Gronod ArgyllCMS 3.5
 - No Tauri, no Rust host, no WKWebView, no Three.js.
 
 ## Package layout
-- `ICCery` — app target (SwiftUI shell).
-- `ICCeryCore` — wizard state, ProcessManager, argv builders, settings, CGATS, ΔE₀₀ (no AppKit print panel).
+- `ICCery` — app target (SwiftUI shell). Also owns the native print stack in
+  `Sources/ICCery/Print/`: `PMTicketBridge`, `PrintTicket`,
+  `TicketWriteResolver`, `NativeTargetSpooler` (+ `RecordingTargetSpooler`),
+  `TargetRaster`, `TargetPageCanvasView` (#201 D1 — AppKit/`NSPrintOperation`
+  lives here, never in `ICCeryCore`).
+- `ICCeryCore` — wizard state, ProcessManager, argv builders, settings, CGATS, ΔE₀₀ (no AppKit print panel; CUPS enumeration/parsers only).
 - `ICCeryPrintKit` — v2.1 only (issue 16). Zero deps on wizard types.
 
 ## AGPL boundary
@@ -39,6 +43,17 @@ Empty cwd illegal (#59). Atomic writes = `.tmp` + rename (#213).
 User-supplied strings via SwiftUI `Text` only (#114).
 TIFF never rendered directly — host-side PNG preview (#58).
 
+## Print spool — native since v2.0 (#201); v1 `lp` path eradicated
+Target printing is a headless `NSPrintOperation` via `NativeTargetSpooler`
+(#201): restore the captured `PrintTicket`, apply `TicketWriteResolver`
+(Stage 2 always wins, D6), draw 1:1 with interpolation off.
+`lp` is eradicated from the target-print path (historical v1: `LpArgs`,
+`CupsService.printTarget`, `ICCERY_TEST_LP_ARGV` all deleted).
+`CupsParsers`/`CupsOptionsFilter` stay (D4): enumeration, capabilities,
+media/quality/bypass key detection and the Stage 2 mirror.
+UI-test seam: `ICCERY_TEST_SPOOL_LOG` — DEBUG `RecordingTargetSpooler`
+appends one resolved-ticket line per page (D8).
+
 ## Versioning
 `scripts/version.sh` is the single source: tag/describe → `ICCERY_RELEASE_TAG`
 (About shows `tag (marketing)`), `MARKETING_VERSION` = strict `X.Y.Z`,
@@ -50,6 +65,27 @@ bump `project.yml` on `develop` before tagging. CI needs `fetch-depth: 0`.
 `develop` ← `milestone/mN-<name>` ← `feat/<issue#>-<slug>`.
 PRs via Gitea MCP. Every issue/PR: `Project/ICCery-v2` + `Feature/*` or `Bug/*` + `Priority/*`.
 
+## Issue ticket style
+- Title: `[Kind/Priority] short description` — e.g. `[Bug/Critical] …`, `[Feature/Medium] …`.
+- Labels: `Kind/Bug` or `Kind/Feature` (also `Kind/Testing` for test work),
+  one `Bug/<area>` or `Feature/<area>` (Architecture/Backend/UI/DevOps),
+  one `Priority/*`, plus `Project/ICCery-v2`. Set the milestone when the work
+  belongs to an active `mN` milestone.
+- Bug bodies: `## Summary` → `## Root Cause Analysis` (file:line evidence;
+  note checked-and-dismissed hypotheses) → `## Proposed Fix` (options or
+  deterministic plan) → `## Acceptance Criteria` (checkbox list) →
+  `## Dependencies` → `## References`.
+- Feature bodies: same skeleton minus Root Cause; lead with Summary and a
+  concrete implementation plan.
+- Dependencies/blockers must **always** be recorded via the gitea MCP
+  `issue_write` methods (`add_dependency`, `block_issue`; reads via
+  `issue_read` `list_dependencies` / `list_blocks` — see "Gitea issue
+  dependencies"), not just mentioned in the body. This is
+  mandatory when issues share a milestone with an implementation order:
+  wire up `add_dependency` (blocked-by) and `block_issue` (blocks) links so
+  the order is machine-readable. The `## Dependencies` body section may
+  still summarise them for readability, but the MCP links are authoritative.
+
 ## Verify
 ```
 xcodebuild test -scheme ICCery -destination 'platform=macOS' ARCHS="$(uname -m)"
@@ -60,7 +96,12 @@ Universal (`ARCHS='arm64 x86_64' ONLY_ACTIVE_ARCH=NO`) is still required for rel
 ## Private ColorSync SPI
 2-arg `(PMPrintSession, CFStringRef) -> OSStatus`. Never pass integer `1`.
 Modes: `AP_ApplicationColorMatching` then `ApplicationColorMatching`.
-`lp` path and Quartz/`ICCeryPrintKit` path use **different** ColorSync dictionaries. Never mix.
+One spool path remains (#201 D2): write **both** vocabularies on the native
+path — locked AP_* (`AP_ColorMatchingMode` + `AP.ColorMatchingMode` =
+`AP_ApplicationColorMatching`) **and** the Quartz dictionary
+(`PMColorMatchingMode=APCustomColorMatching`, `PMCustomColorMatchingProfile=""`,
+legacy `com.apple.print.PrintSettings.PMColorMatchingMode`, nested
+`com.apple.print.printSettings` mirror).
 
 ## Gitea issue dependencies
 Use the `gitea` MCP (custom build with blocking support — verified working):

BUILD-PLAN.md

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Hardware gates block *release of that sprint*, not filing, and not starting codi
 | M11 | Printer settings completeness & dialog binding | 183, 180, 181, 186 | Quality/media/paper caps parse + `LpArgs` emit + picker UI smoke + panel capture-return | Real Epson: 7 `EPIJ_Qual` options; real Canon Pro9500: English media labels; dialog bound to non-default queue with paper/quality/media/orientation preselected; captured settings reach `lp` argv |
 | Later | Quartz / TargetPrint | 16 | `ICCeryPrintKit` standalone + seam test | 1:1 on paper vs TIFF |
 
-M8–M10 are merged to `develop`; M11 assembles on `milestone/m11-print-settings` from `736fd08`.
+M8–M11 are merged to `develop`; M11 shipped via PR #199 (hardware gate passed on real Epson XP-55 / Canon Pro9500 II).
 
 Issue **16 is not an M3, M6, M10, or M11 exit gate.**
 

Packages/ICCeryCore/Sources/ICCeryCore/Print/ColorMatchingAttempts.swift

@@ -46,4 +46,23 @@ public enum ColorMatchingAttempts {
         "AP_ColorMatchingMode",
         "AP.ColorMatchingMode",
     ]
+
+    /// The Quartz/`NSPrintOperation` colour-matching vocabulary
+    /// (docs/14 §7). With the `lp` path removed there is a single
+    /// spool path and it carries **both** dictionaries — these keys
+    /// are written alongside the AP_* pair (#201 D2).
+    ///
+    /// `PMColorMatchingMode=APCustomColorMatching` plus an empty
+    /// `PMCustomColorMatchingProfile` tell Quartz the application
+    /// supplies device colour; the `com.apple.print.PrintSettings.*`
+    /// legacy spelling covers drivers that read the flattened
+    /// dictionary.
+    public static let quartzModeKey = "PMColorMatchingMode"
+    public static let quartzCustomMatching = "APCustomColorMatching"
+    public static let quartzProfileKey = "PMCustomColorMatchingProfile"
+    public static let quartzLegacyModeKey =
+        "com.apple.print.PrintSettings.PMColorMatchingMode"
+    /// The nested sub-dictionary inside `NSPrintInfo.dictionary()` the
+    /// colour keys are mirrored into.
+    public static let quartzNestedDictKey = "com.apple.print.printSettings"
 }

Packages/ICCeryCore/Sources/ICCeryCore/Print/CupsParsers.swift

@@ -73,6 +73,26 @@ public enum CupsParsers {
         return nil
     }
 
+    /// `lpstat -v` — `device for <name>: <uri>` → queue → device URI.
+    /// Entries with no URI (e.g. `network <name>` remote stubs) are
+    /// skipped (#202 AirPrint detection).
+    public static func lpstatDeviceURIs(output: String) -> [String: String] {
+        var result: [String: String] = [:]
+        for line in output.split(separator: "\n") {
+            let text = line.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
+            guard text.hasPrefix("device for ") else { continue }
+            let rest = text.dropFirst("device for ".count)
+            guard let colon = rest.firstIndex(of: ":") else { continue }
+            let name = String(rest[..<colon])
+                .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
+            let uri = String(rest[rest.index(after: colon)...])
+                .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
+            guard !name.isEmpty, !uri.isEmpty else { continue }
+            result[name] = uri
+        }
+        return result
+    }
+
     // MARK: - lpoptions -p <queue>
 
     /// `lpoptions -p` — `key=value` pairs, values may be
@@ -137,6 +157,16 @@ public enum CupsParsers {
         return value
     }
 
+    /// Make-and-model from `printer-make-and-model` in `lpoptions -p`
+    /// output — an AirPrint detection input (#202).
+    public static func lpoptionsMakeAndModel(output: String) -> String? {
+        guard let value = lpoptions(output)
+            .first(where: { $0.key == "printer-make-and-model" })?.value,
+            !value.isEmpty
+        else { return nil }
+        return value
+    }
+
     // MARK: - lpoptions -l
 
     /// `lpoptions -l` — `Key/Human Label: *Default choice2 choice3`.
@@ -174,8 +204,13 @@ public enum CupsParsers {
 
     /// PPD `*<key> <id>/<Human Label>:` lines → `id → label` map.
     /// Language-qualified forms (`*en_US.<key> id/Label:`) also match.
+    /// Precedence is deterministic, not positional (#181): unqualified
+    /// `*Key` > `en_US.` > `en.` > first-qualified-seen, so a trailing
+    /// locale block (Canon `th.CNIJMediaType`) can never overwrite the
+    /// base English labels — and a qualified-only id still gets its
+    /// first-seen qualified label (R9).
     public static func ppdChoiceLabels(_ ppd: String, key: String) -> [String: String] {
-        var map: [String: String] = [:]
+        var hits: [String: [(qualifier: String?, label: String)]] = [:]
         for rawLine in ppd.split(separator: "\n") {
             var line = rawLine.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
             guard line.hasPrefix("*"), !line.hasPrefix("**") else { continue }
@@ -183,7 +218,9 @@ public enum CupsParsers {
             // Optional locale qualifier: `en_US.InputSlot` → `InputSlot`.
             // Only strip when the part before the first `.` looks like
             // a locale (short `xx`/`xx_YY`); real keys containing dots
-            // are left alone.
+            // are left alone. The qualifier is recorded for precedence
+            // rather than dropped (#181).
+            var qualifier: String?
             if let dot = line.firstIndex(of: ".") {
                 let prefix = line[..<dot]
                 let looksLikeLocale = (2...5).contains(prefix.count)
@@ -191,6 +228,7 @@ public enum CupsParsers {
                     && (prefix.count == 2 || prefix.contains("_"))
                 let candidate = line[line.index(after: dot)...]
                 if looksLikeLocale && candidate.hasPrefix(key) {
+                    qualifier = prefix.lowercased()
                     line = String(candidate)
                 }
             }
@@ -201,15 +239,50 @@ public enum CupsParsers {
             rest = String(rest[..<colon])
             // `<id>/<Human label>` — human label after the last `/`.
             guard let slash = rest.firstIndex(of: "/") else { continue }
-            let id = String(rest[..<slash])
-                .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
-            let human = String(rest[rest.index(after: slash)...])
-                .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
-            if !id.isEmpty { map[id] = human.isEmpty ? id : human }
+            let id = ppdUnescape(String(rest[..<slash])
+                .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces))
+            let human = ppdUnescape(String(rest[rest.index(after: slash)...])
+                .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces))
+            guard !id.isEmpty else { continue }
+            hits[id, default: []].append(
+                (qualifier, human.isEmpty ? id : human))
+        }
+        var map: [String: String] = [:]
+        for (id, candidates) in hits {
+            // First occurrence wins inside each qualifier class, in
+            // file order — same as the old sequential behaviour.
+            map[id] = candidates.first { $0.qualifier == nil }?.label
+                ?? candidates.first { $0.qualifier == "en_us" }?.label
+                ?? candidates.first { $0.qualifier == "en" }?.label
+                ?? candidates[0].label
         }
         return map
     }
 
+    /// PPD `<XX>` hex escapes → the literal byte (`<2F>` → `/`,
+    /// `<20>` → space). Anything that is not `<` + two hex digits +
+    /// `>` passes through untouched (#181).
+    private static func ppdUnescape(_ text: String) -> String {
+        var result = ""
+        var index = text.startIndex
+        while index < text.endIndex {
+            guard text[index] == "<",
+                  let hexEnd = text.index(
+                      index, offsetBy: 3, limitedBy: text.endIndex),
+                  hexEnd < text.endIndex, text[hexEnd] == ">",
+                  let byte = UInt8(
+                      text[text.index(after: index)..<hexEnd], radix: 16)
+            else {
+                result.append(text[index])
+                index = text.index(after: index)
+                continue
+            }
+            result.append(Character(UnicodeScalar(byte)))
+            index = text.index(after: hexEnd)
+        }
+        return result
+    }
+
     // MARK: - Detection (docs/11)
 
     /// Media-type option key in preference order — used both to read a
@@ -223,13 +296,20 @@ public enum CupsParsers {
     }
 
     /// Media type from a captured `key=value key=value` options string.
-    /// Prefers `MediaType`, then `EPIJ_Medi` (docs/11 §tests).
+    /// Prefers `MediaType` (docs/11 §tests), then the remaining roster
+    /// keys in detection order — `CNIJMediaType`, `EPIJ_Medi`,
+    /// `StpMediaType` (#186 capture-return).
     public static func extractMediaType(fromOptionsString options: String) -> String? {
         let pairs = lpoptions(options)
         if let v = pairs.first(where: { $0.key == "MediaType" })?.value {
             return v
         }
-        return pairs.first(where: { $0.key == "EPIJ_Medi" })?.value
+        for key in mediaTypeKeys where key != "MediaType" {
+            if let v = pairs.first(where: { $0.key == key })?.value {
+                return v
+            }
+        }
+        return nil
     }
 
     /// Print-quality option key in preference order — vendor-first,
@@ -302,4 +382,62 @@ public enum CupsParsers {
         "EPIJ_OSColMat", "ColorCorrection", "StpColorCorrection",
         "EpsonColorMode",
     ]
+
+    // MARK: - AirPrint detection (#202, docs/14 §10.2)
+
+    /// AirPrint queues always colour-manage the URF raster path, so
+    /// unmanaged device colour cannot be guaranteed — Stage 2 warns
+    /// via `airPrintWarningBadge`. `true` when ANY rule matches:
+    ///
+    /// 1. device URI contains `apple-airprint://`
+    /// 2. PPD declares `*APAirPrint: True`
+    /// 3. make-and-model contains "Apple" **and** "AirPrint"
+    /// 4. `ipps://` URI **and** the PPD text mentions "airprint"
+    ///    (case-insensitive)
+    /// 5. local unencrypted `ipp://` URI resolved via an AirPrint mDNS
+    ///    subtype (`_universal._sub._ipp._tcp`)
+    /// 6. PPD carries a `*cupsFilter2` rule whose destination MIME
+    ///    type is `image/urf` — the raster only AirPrint consumes
+    public static func detectAirPrint(
+        deviceURI: String?, makeAndModel: String?, ppd: String
+    ) -> Bool {
+        if let uri = deviceURI {
+            let lower = uri.lowercased()
+            if lower.contains("apple-airprint://") { return true }
+            if lower.hasPrefix("ipps://"),
+               ppd.range(of: "airprint", options: .caseInsensitive) != nil {
+                return true
+            }
+            if lower.hasPrefix("ipp://"),
+               lower.contains("_universal._sub._ipp._tcp") {
+                return true
+            }
+        }
+        if ppd.contains("*APAirPrint: True") { return true }
+        if let model = makeAndModel,
+           model.contains("Apple"), model.contains("AirPrint") {
+            return true
+        }
+        return ppdCarriesURFFilter(ppd)
+    }
+
+    /// Rule 6 — `*cupsFilter2: "src dst cost program"` (quotes
+    /// optional); `image/urf` as the destination token means the queue
+    /// consumes the AirPrint raster.
+    private static func ppdCarriesURFFilter(_ ppd: String) -> Bool {
+        for rawLine in ppd.split(separator: "\n") {
+            let line = rawLine.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
+            guard line.lowercased().hasPrefix("*cupsfilter2"),
+                  let colon = line.firstIndex(of: ":")
+            else { continue }
+            let tokens = line[line.index(after: colon)...]
+                .replacingOccurrences(of: "\"", with: "")
+                .split(separator: " ")
+            if tokens.count >= 2,
+               tokens[1].lowercased() == "image/urf" {
+                return true
+            }
+        }
+        return false
+    }
 }

Packages/ICCeryCore/Sources/ICCeryCore/Print/CupsService.swift

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ import Foundation
 /// Errors from CUPS tool invocations.
 public enum CupsError: LocalizedError, Equatable {
     case toolFailed(tool: String, code: Int32, stderr: String)
-    case tiffMissing(String)
     case noPrinterSelected
 
     public var errorDescription: String? {
@@ -13,8 +12,6 @@ public enum CupsError: LocalizedError, Equatable {
             return detail.isEmpty
                 ? "\(tool) failed with exit code \(code)"
                 : "\(tool) failed (\(code)): \(detail)"
-        case .tiffMissing(let path):
-            return "Target TIFF does not exist: \(path)"
         case .noPrinterSelected:
             return "No printer selected."
         }
@@ -27,9 +24,11 @@ public enum CupsError: LocalizedError, Equatable {
 /// `ProcessManager.runCaptured` so spawns are logged, get killAll
 /// coverage, and share the dup-id discipline; `binaryDir`/`ppdDir` are
 /// injectable so tests use fixture scripts and never touch real CUPS.
+/// Target spooling is **not** here — it is the app-target
+/// `NativeTargetSpooler` (`NSPrintOperation`, #201 D1/D4).
 public struct CupsService: Sendable {
     public let processManager: ProcessManager
-    /// Directory containing `lpstat`/`lpoptions`/`lp` — `/usr/bin` in
+    /// Directory containing `lpstat`/`lpoptions` — `/usr/bin` in
     /// production, a fixture dir under test.
     public let binaryDir: URL
     /// `/etc/cups/ppd` in production.
@@ -53,24 +52,34 @@ public struct CupsService: Sendable {
         // lpstat exits non-zero when no destinations exist — an empty
         // queue list is a valid result, not a failure (issue 12).
         let destinationsOut = try await run(
-            "lpstat", ["-e"], id: ProcessID.lpstat("e"), tolerateFailure: true)
+            "lpstat", ["-e"], id: ProcessID.cupsLpstat("e"), tolerateFailure: true)
         let statusOut = try await run(
-            "lpstat", ["-p"], id: ProcessID.lpstat("p"), tolerateFailure: true)
+            "lpstat", ["-p"], id: ProcessID.cupsLpstat("p"), tolerateFailure: true)
         let defaultOut = try await run(
-            "lpstat", ["-d"], id: ProcessID.lpstat("d"), tolerateFailure: true)
+            "lpstat", ["-d"], id: ProcessID.cupsLpstat("d"), tolerateFailure: true)
+        // One-shot device-URI fetch for AirPrint detection (#202). A
+        // failed `lpstat -v` is tolerated — enumeration proceeds with
+        // no URIs and no fallback respawn.
+        let deviceOut = try await run(
+            "lpstat", ["-v"], id: ProcessID.cupsLpstat("v"), tolerateFailure: true)
 
         let names = CupsParsers.lpstatDestinations(destinationsOut.stdout)
         let statuses = CupsParsers.lpstatStatuses(statusOut.stdout)
         let defaultName = CupsParsers.lpstatDefault(defaultOut.stdout)
+        let deviceURIs = CupsParsers.lpstatDeviceURIs(output: deviceOut.stdout)
 
         var printers: [Printer] = []
         for name in names {
-            let displayName = try? await displayName(for: name)
+            let identity = try? await queueIdentity(for: name)
             printers.append(Printer(
                 name: name,
                 status: statuses[name] ?? .unknown,
                 isDefault: name == defaultName,
-                displayName: displayName
+                displayName: identity?.displayName,
+                isAirPrint: CupsParsers.detectAirPrint(
+                    deviceURI: deviceURIs[name],
+                    makeAndModel: identity?.makeAndModel,
+                    ppd: loadPPD(for: name) ?? "")
             ))
         }
         return printers
@@ -79,9 +88,19 @@ public struct CupsService: Sendable {
     /// `lpoptions -p <queue>` → `printer-info` (the NSPrinter fallback
     /// display name, docs/11 §binding).
     public func displayName(for queue: String) async throws -> String? {
+        try await queueIdentity(for: queue).displayName
+    }
+
+    /// One `lpoptions -p <queue>` spawn yields both identity fields —
+    /// `printer-info` (display name) and `printer-make-and-model`
+    /// (AirPrint rule 3, #202).
+    private func queueIdentity(
+        for queue: String
+    ) async throws -> (displayName: String?, makeAndModel: String?) {
         let result = try await run(
-            "lpoptions", ["-p", queue], id: ProcessID.lpoptions(queue))
-        return CupsParsers.lpoptionsDisplayName(result.stdout)
+            "lpoptions", ["-p", queue], id: ProcessID.cupsLpoptions(queue))
+        return (CupsParsers.lpoptionsDisplayName(result.stdout),
+                CupsParsers.lpoptionsMakeAndModel(output: result.stdout))
     }
 
     // MARK: - Capabilities (lpoptions -l + PPD)
@@ -90,7 +109,7 @@ public struct CupsService: Sendable {
     /// to media-key and colour-bypass detection (docs/11 layer ④).
     public func optionListings(for queue: String) async throws -> [CupsOptionListing] {
         let result = try await run(
-            "lpoptions", ["-p", queue, "-l"], id: ProcessID.lpoptions("\(queue)-l"))
+            "lpoptions", ["-p", queue, "-l"], id: ProcessID.cupsLpoptions("\(queue)-l"))
         return CupsParsers.lpoptionsList(result.stdout)
     }
 
@@ -162,32 +181,15 @@ public struct CupsService: Sendable {
         Set(try await optionListings(for: queue).map(\.key))
     }
 
-    // MARK: - Spool (issue 15)
-
-    /// `lp -d <queue> … <tiff>` — spool one target page unmanaged.
-    /// Never uses `-o raw` (#92). `page` disambiguates the process id
-    /// when several pages are spooled in sequence.
-    public func printTarget(
-        queue: String,
-        tiffPath: String,
-        options: PrintOptions,
-        page: Int = 0
-    ) async throws {
-        guard FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: tiffPath) else {
-            throw CupsError.tiffMissing(tiffPath)
-        }
-        let optionKeys = (try? await self.optionKeys(for: queue)) ?? []
-        let argv = try LpArgs.build(
-            queue: queue, tiffPath: tiffPath,
-            options: options, optionKeys: optionKeys)
-        try await run("lp", argv, id: ProcessID.lp(queue, page: page))
-    }
-
     // MARK: - PPD
 
     private func loadPPD(for queue: String) -> String? {
         let url = ppdDir.appendingPathComponent("\(queue).ppd")
-        return try? String(contentsOf: url, encoding: .utf8)
+        // UTF-8 first — the Canon Thai labels are UTF-8 and a blanket
+        // Latin-1 read would mojibake them (#181, R10). Latin-1 only
+        // when UTF-8 decoding fails outright.
+        return (try? String(contentsOf: url, encoding: .utf8))
+            ?? (try? String(contentsOf: url, encoding: .isoLatin1))
     }
 
     // MARK: - Spawn

Packages/ICCeryCore/Sources/ICCeryCore/Print/LpArgs.swift

@@ -1,136 +0,0 @@
-import Foundation
-
-/// Errors from `buildLpArgs`.
-public enum LpArgsError: LocalizedError, Equatable {
-    case unsanitisedOption(String)
-
-    public var errorDescription: String? {
-        switch self {
-        case .unsanitisedOption(let option):
-            return "Captured CUPS option contains unsafe characters: \(option)"
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// `lp` argv builder — issue 15, docs/11 `build_lp_args`.
-///
-/// ```
-/// lp -d <queue> -t "ICCery Target - <file>"
-///    -o AP_ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching
-///    -o AP.ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching
-///    <captured cups_options>
-///    <media_type, if no media key already captured>
-///    <quality, if no quality key already captured> (#183)
-///    <driver bypass, if no bypass key captured>
-///    <orientation-requested=3|4, unless captured>
-///    <PageSize, unless captured>
-///    <tiff>
-/// ```
-///
-/// - **Never `-o raw`** — `raw` skips the raster filter that honours
-///   `AP_ApplicationColorMatching` (#92).
-/// - Captured options **win** over explicit fields: any key already
-///   present (case-insensitive) suppresses the derived `-o`.
-/// - Captured keys/values are sanitised — `;`, newlines, or shell
-///   metacharacters throw `unsanitisedOption`; args are passed as a
-///   `Process` argv array, never through a shell.
-/// - The TIFF path is always the **last** argument.
-public enum LpArgs {
-
-    /// `options` = the captured `PrintOptions`; `optionKeys` = the
-    /// queue's `lpoptions -l` key set (for media-key/bypass detection).
-    public static func build(
-        queue: String,
-        tiffPath: String,
-        options: PrintOptions,
-        optionKeys: Set<String>
-    ) throws -> [String] {
-        var argv: [String] = [
-            "-d", queue,
-            "-t", "ICCery Target - \((tiffPath as NSString).lastPathComponent)",
-            "-o", "AP_ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching",
-            "-o", "AP.ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching",
-        ]
-        var addedKeys: Set<String> = [
-            "ap_colormatchingmode", "ap.colormatchingmode",
-        ]
-
-        // Captured CUPS options — sanitised, lowercased-key dedup.
-        if let captured = options.cupsOptions, !captured.isEmpty {
-            // Newlines can't survive the tokeniser — check the raw
-            // string so embedded line breaks are still rejected.
-            if captured.contains("\n") || captured.contains("\r") {
-                throw LpArgsError.unsanitisedOption(captured)
-            }
-            for pair in CupsParsers.lpoptions(captured) {
-                try sanitize(pair.key, pair.value)
-                let lowered = pair.key.lowercased()
-                // Defence in depth: never let a captured `raw` reach
-                // argv — `-o raw` skips the raster filter that honours
-                // AP_ApplicationColorMatching (#92).
-                if lowered == "raw" { continue }
-                guard !addedKeys.contains(lowered) else { continue }
-                addedKeys.insert(lowered)
-                argv += ["-o", "\(pair.key)=\(pair.value)"]
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Media type — only when the captured options didn't carry one.
-        if let mediaType = options.mediaType,
-           let mediaKey = CupsParsers.detectMediaTypeKey(optionKeys: optionKeys),
-           !addedKeys.contains(mediaKey.lowercased()) {
-            addedKeys.insert(mediaKey.lowercased())
-            argv += ["-o", "\(mediaKey)=\(mediaType)"]
-        }
-
-        // Print quality — after media, before the driver bypass; the
-        // detected queue key is skipped when already captured (#183).
-        if let quality = options.quality,
-           let qualityKey = CupsParsers.detectQualityKey(optionKeys: optionKeys),
-           !addedKeys.contains(qualityKey.lowercased()) {
-            addedKeys.insert(qualityKey.lowercased())
-            argv += ["-o", "\(qualityKey)=\(quality)"]
-        }
-
-        // Driver colour bypass — when no bypass key was captured. NOT
-        // gated on ppdUncorrectedPassthrough (macOS always bypasses).
-        let capturedKeys = Set(
-            CupsParsers.lpoptions(options.cupsOptions ?? "")
-                .map { $0.key })
-        if capturedKeys.isDisjoint(with: CupsParsers.bypassKeys),
-           let bypass = CupsParsers.detectDriverColorBypass(optionKeys: optionKeys),
-           !addedKeys.contains(bypass.key.lowercased()) {
-            addedKeys.insert(bypass.key.lowercased())
-            argv += ["-o", "\(bypass.key)=\(bypass.value)"]
-        }
-
-        // Orientation — portrait=3, landscape=4.
-        if let orientation = options.orientation,
-           !addedKeys.contains("orientation-requested") {
-            let value = orientation == "landscape" ? "4" : "3"
-            addedKeys.insert("orientation-requested")
-            argv += ["-o", "orientation-requested=\(value)"]
-        }
-
-        // PageSize — the printtarg layout page size.
-        if let paperSize = options.paperSize, !paperSize.isEmpty,
-           !addedKeys.contains("pagesize") {
-            argv += ["-o", "PageSize=\(paperSize)"]
-        }
-
-        argv.append(tiffPath)
-        return argv
-    }
-
-    /// Reject shell/metachar injection — args go to `Process` as an
-    /// argv array, but a hostile captured string must not smuggle a
-    /// second option or command.
-    static func sanitize(_ key: String, _ value: String) throws {
-        let forbidden = CharacterSet(charactersIn: ";\n\r`|$&<>\\\"'")
-        if key.rangeOfCharacter(from: forbidden) != nil
-            || value.rangeOfCharacter(from: forbidden) != nil
-            || key.isEmpty {
-            throw LpArgsError.unsanitisedOption("\(key)=\(value)")
-        }
-    }
-}

Packages/ICCeryCore/Sources/ICCeryCore/Print/PrinterModels.swift

@@ -17,17 +17,33 @@ public struct Printer: Codable, Equatable, Sendable {
     public var status: PrinterStatus
     public var isDefault: Bool
     public var displayName: String?
+    /// AirPrint queue (#202, docs/14 §10.2) — the URF pipeline is always
+    /// colour-managed, so Stage 2 shows a persistent warning badge.
+    public var isAirPrint: Bool = false
 
     public init(
         name: String,
         status: PrinterStatus = .unknown,
         isDefault: Bool = false,
-        displayName: String? = nil
+        displayName: String? = nil,
+        isAirPrint: Bool = false
     ) {
         self.name = name
         self.status = status
         self.isDefault = isDefault
         self.displayName = displayName
+        self.isAirPrint = isAirPrint
+    }
+
+    /// `isAirPrint` predates #202 payloads — a missing key decodes as
+    /// `false` instead of failing the whole decode.
+    public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
+        let c = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
+        name = try c.decode(String.self, forKey: .name)
+        status = try c.decode(PrinterStatus.self, forKey: .status)
+        isDefault = try c.decode(Bool.self, forKey: .isDefault)
+        displayName = try c.decodeIfPresent(String.self, forKey: .displayName)
+        isAirPrint = try c.decodeIfPresent(Bool.self, forKey: .isAirPrint) ?? false
     }
 }
 
@@ -111,24 +127,24 @@ public struct PrinterCapabilities: Codable, Equatable, Sendable {
     }
 }
 
-/// Options carried into `lp` (docs/10 §PrintOptions). On macOS
-/// `paperSource` is ignored unless already present inside captured
-/// `cupsOptions`; `ppdUncorrectedPassthrough` is stored (the panel sets
-/// it on OK) but never gates the argv — macOS always bypasses driver
-/// colour management.
+/// The Stage 2 mirror — panel selections and the captured `k=v`
+/// string (docs/10 §PrintOptions). Since #201 removed the `lp` path
+/// these fields feed `TargetPrintOverrides` (Stage 2 always wins, D6)
+/// and the mirror apply-back; the opaque vendor state now travels
+/// inside the `PrintTicket`, not a flattened option string.
 public struct PrintOptions: Codable, Equatable, Sendable {
     public var paperSource: Int?
     /// `"portrait"` / `"landscape"` → `orientation-requested=3|4`.
     public var orientation: String?
-    /// Stage 2 paper token → `PageSize=` (skipped if captured, #183).
+    /// Stage 2 paper token → `PageSize=` ticket write + `PMPaper`.
     public var paperSize: String?
     public var mediaType: String?
-    /// Print-quality token → `-o <detectedQualityKey>=` (skipped if
-    /// captured, #183).
+    /// Print-quality token → `<detectedQualityKey>=` ticket write.
     public var quality: String?
     public var ppdUncorrectedPassthrough: Bool?
     /// Space-separated `key=value` captured from
-    /// `PMPrintSettingsToOptions` and filtered (docs/11 layer ⑥).
+    /// `PMPrintSettingsToOptions` and filtered (docs/11 layer ⑥) —
+    /// the Stage 2 mirror only, never an `lp` payload.
     public var cupsOptions: String?
 
     public init(

Packages/ICCeryCore/Sources/ICCeryCore/Process/ProcessID.swift

@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ public enum ProcessID {
     public static func applycal(_ stem: String) -> String { "applycal_\(stem)" }
 
     /// CUPS system tools (`/usr/bin/…`) — captured one-shots, not
-    /// streaming Argyll children.
-    public static func lpstat(_ mode: String) -> String { "lpstat_\(mode)" }
-    public static func lpoptions(_ queue: String) -> String { "lpoptions_\(queue)" }
-    public static func lp(_ queue: String, page: Int) -> String { "lp_\(queue)_\(page)" }
+    /// streaming Argyll children. Named `cups*` so no `lp*`-prefixed
+    /// identifier survives the target-print removal (#201).
+    public static func cupsLpstat(_ mode: String) -> String { "lpstat_\(mode)" }
+    public static func cupsLpoptions(_ queue: String) -> String { "lpoptions_\(queue)" }
 }

README.md

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ as AGPLv3 child processes. The GUI never `dlopen`s or links Argyll.
 | M8 | Deduplication contracts & UAT-ready hardening (#79–#86) — shipped |
 | M9 | macOS 12 / Xcode 14.2 retarget (PR #145) — shipped |
 | M10 | Studio workflow: media library (#146), gamut compare (#147), Spot Read (#148), project files (#149) — shipped on `develop` |
-| M11 | Printer settings completeness & dialog binding (#183, #180, #181, #186) — in flight on `milestone/m11-print-settings` |
+| M11 | Printer settings completeness & dialog binding (#183, #180, #181, #186) — shipped on `develop` (PR #199) |
 | Licence | Proprietary source in [`LICENCE.md`](LICENCE.md); bundled Argyll sidecars remain AGPLv3 |
 
 ## What it does
@@ -207,15 +207,16 @@ not in this tree.
   leases. Quit path: `q\n`, ~500 ms, kill; `killAll` on terminate.
 - **Argv builders** in ICCeryCore (`TargenArgs`, `PrinttargArgs`,
   `ChartreadArgs`, `ColprofArgs`, `ApplycalArgs`, `IccgamutArgs`,
-  `ProfcheckArgs`, `LpArgs`, `SpotReadArgs`, …). UI must not concatenate flags.
+  `ProfcheckArgs`, `SpotReadArgs`, …). UI must not concatenate flags.
 - **Atomic artefacts.** Writes go to `*.tmp` then `replaceItemAt`. `applycal`
   must not replace the input profile on cancel or non-zero exit.
 - **Concurrency.** View models are `@MainActor`. No blocking I/O on the main
   actor. Swift 5.7 / macOS 12: `ObservableObject`, not Observation
   `@Observable`.
-- **Print.** Unmanaged `lp` with ColorSync suppression
-  (`AP_ColorMatchingMode` / `AP.ColorMatchingMode`). Captured `NSPrintPanel`
-  options win over derived CUPS keys. Never `lp -o raw`.
+- **Print.** Unmanaged headless `NSPrintOperation` (#201 — no `lp`):
+  restore the captured `PrintTicket`, write both ColorSync vocabularies
+  (locked `AP_*` + Quartz `PMColorMatchingMode`), Stage 2 selections always
+  win over the ticket, draw 1:1 with interpolation off.
 - **SwiftUI ViewBuilder.** Xcode 14.2 / Swift 5.7 still has the ten-child
   limit. Split large `VStack`/`Group` trees (#146).
 
@@ -299,9 +300,9 @@ fix/<issue>-<slug>
 ```
 
 Open feature/fix PRs against **`develop`**. A `milestone/m…` integration
-branch is used only while that milestone is assembling — currently
-`milestone/m11-print-settings` (`milestone/m10-studio` was merged and
-deleted). Do not open umbrella “bugfix” branches that mix tickets.
+branch is used only while that milestone is assembling; `milestone/m10-studio`
+and `milestone/m11-print-settings` have been merged (branches retained). Do
+not open umbrella “bugfix” branches that mix tickets.
 
 `main` is push-protected and requires status check
 `macOS CI / build-and-test (push)`. Protected **file** patterns on `main`

Sources/ICCery/AppEnvironment.swift

@@ -106,12 +106,14 @@ enum UITestHooks {
 
     // MARK: - Print panel / CUPS stubs (issue 13/17)
 
-    /// Directory of mock `lp`/`lpstat`/`lpoptions` fixture scripts —
+    /// Directory of mock `lpstat`/`lpoptions` fixture scripts —
     /// `CupsService.binaryDir` under UI tests.
     static var cupsBinaryDir: URL? { url("ICCERY_CUPS_BIN_DIR") }
 
-    /// Path the mock `lp` script appends its argv to, for assertions.
-    static var lpArgvOutURL: URL? { url("ICCERY_TEST_LP_ARGV") }
+    /// Path the `RecordingTargetSpooler` appends resolved ticket
+    /// lines to, for assertions (#201 D8 — replaces the `lp` argv
+    /// log).
+    static var spoolLogURL: URL? { url("ICCERY_TEST_SPOOL_LOG") }
 
     /// Whether the `NSPrintPanel` should be stubbed under UI testing —
     /// separate from the stub's *result* so "cancel" (`nil`) does not

Sources/ICCery/Print/ColorSyncSuppressor.swift

@@ -84,6 +84,35 @@ struct ColorSyncSuppressor {
         return applied
     }
 
+    // MARK: - Layer ⑤′ Quartz vocabulary (#201 D2)
+
+    /// With `lp` gone there is one print path and it carries **both**
+    /// dictionaries: write keys 3–5 of the resolver order into
+    /// `PMPrintSettings` so the PDE and the spool job see them
+    /// (docs/14 §7). Warn-only — a rejected key never aborts.
+    @discardableResult
+    func applyQuartzMode(to settings: PMPrintSettings) -> Int {
+        var applied = 0
+        let pairs: [(key: String, value: String, locked: Bool)] = [
+            (ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzModeKey,
+             ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzCustomMatching, true),
+            (ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzProfileKey, "", false),
+            (ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzLegacyModeKey,
+             ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzCustomMatching, false),
+        ]
+        for pair in pairs {
+            let status = PMPrintSettingsSetValue(
+                settings, pair.key as CFString, pair.value as CFString,
+                pair.locked)
+            if status == 0 { applied += 1 }
+        }
+        if applied == 0 {
+            log("ColorSync: PMPrintSettingsSetValue rejected the "
+                + "Quartz colour-matching keys")
+        }
+        return applied
+    }
+
     // MARK: - Layer ④ driver bypass
 
     /// Pre-select the driver "no colour adjustment" option, unlocked —
@@ -112,7 +141,11 @@ struct ColorSyncSuppressor {
     // MARK: - Layer ⑤ NSPrintInfo mirror
 
     /// Mirror the applied keys into `printSettings` so the PDE pick
-    /// sees them.
+    /// sees them. Also populates the nested
+    /// `com.apple.print.printSettings` sub-dictionary of
+    /// `printInfo.dictionary()` with the AP_* **and** Quartz keys —
+    /// the single remaining path carries both vocabularies (#201 D2,
+    /// docs/14 §7).
     func mirror(
         into printInfo: NSPrintInfo,
         driverBypass: (key: String, value: String)?
@@ -121,9 +154,29 @@ struct ColorSyncSuppressor {
         for key in ColorMatchingAttempts.printSettingsKeys {
             settings[key as NSString] = ColorMatchingAttempts.applicationMatchingValue as NSString
         }
+        settings[ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzModeKey as NSString] =
+            ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzCustomMatching as NSString
+        settings[ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzProfileKey as NSString] =
+            "" as NSString
+        settings[ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzLegacyModeKey as NSString] =
+            ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzCustomMatching as NSString
         if let driverBypass {
             settings[driverBypass.key as NSString] = driverBypass.value as NSString
         }
+
+        // Nested mirror — drivers that read the flattened dictionary.
+        let nestedKey = ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzNestedDictKey as NSString
+        let nested = (settings[nestedKey] as? NSMutableDictionary)
+            ?? NSMutableDictionary()
+        for key in ColorMatchingAttempts.printSettingsKeys {
+            nested[key] = ColorMatchingAttempts.applicationMatchingValue
+        }
+        nested[ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzModeKey] =
+            ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzCustomMatching
+        nested[ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzProfileKey] = ""
+        nested[ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzLegacyModeKey] =
+            ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzCustomMatching
+        settings[nestedKey] = nested
     }
 
     // MARK: - Layer ⑥ capture

Sources/ICCery/Print/NativeTargetSpooler.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+import AppKit
+import ApplicationServices
+import ICCeryCore
+
+/// One page to draw — the TIFF plus its printtarg manifest size for
+/// the drift check (#201 D9).
+struct TargetPrintPage: Equatable {
+    let url: URL
+    let expectedWidthMm: Double?
+    let expectedHeightMm: Double?
+}
+
+/// One spool job — a single-element `pages` in per-page mode, all
+/// pages when `singleJobForAllPages` is on (#201 D5).
+struct TargetPrintRequest {
+    let queue: String
+    let displayName: String?
+    let pages: [TargetPrintPage]
+    let jobTitle: String              // "ICCery Target - <basename>"
+    /// nil → bind + PM defaults + suppression only (the ticket carries
+    /// the captured PDE state; without it the job is Stage 2 writes
+    /// over queue defaults).
+    let ticket: PrintTicket?
+    let overrides: TargetPrintOverrides
+    /// The queue's `lpoptions -l` key roster — feeds vendor media-key
+    /// and driver-bypass detection.
+    let optionKeys: Set<String>
+    /// Test-only: `.save` to this URL instead of `.spool` (#201 D8).
+    var savePDFTo: URL?
+}
+
+enum TargetSpoolError: LocalizedError, Equatable {
+    case noPages
+    case printerUnresolved(queue: String)
+    case operationFailed(queue: String, jobTitle: String)
+
+    var errorDescription: String? {
+        switch self {
+        case .noPages:
+            return "Nothing to print."
+        case .printerUnresolved(let queue):
+            return "The print queue '\(queue)' could not be resolved."
+        case .operationFailed(_, let jobTitle):
+            return "The print operation for '\(jobTitle)' failed."
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@MainActor
+protocol TargetSpooling {
+    /// Warn-only diagnostics (manifest drift, oversize page, rejected
+    /// key) are delivered here; the throw path is reserved for real
+    /// failures.
+    var diagnostics: ((Notice) -> Void)? { get set }
+    func spool(_ request: TargetPrintRequest) throws
+}
+
+/// Production spooler — rehydrates the captured ticket, applies the
+/// resolved Stage 2 writes, and draws each TIFF 1:1 through a silent
+/// `NSPrintOperation` (#201, the S1–S14 trace in the M12 megaplan).
+@MainActor
+final class NativeTargetSpooler: TargetSpooling {
+    var suppressor = ColorSyncSuppressor()
+    var diagnostics: ((Notice) -> Void)?
+    var log: (LogLevel, String) -> Void = { AppLogger.shared.log($0, $1) }
+
+    func spool(_ request: TargetPrintRequest) throws {
+        guard !request.pages.isEmpty else { throw TargetSpoolError.noPages }
+
+        // The PM printer handle is held for the whole operation and
+        // released on every path (S14).
+        let printer = PMTicketBridge.makePrinter(queue: request.queue)
+        defer { if let printer { PMTicketBridge.release(printer) } }
+
+        let (printInfo, _) = try makePrintInfo(for: request, boundTo: printer)
+
+        // S10 — decode every page 1:1. Warn-only findings ride the
+        // `diagnostics` seam, never the throw path (D9).
+        var rasters: [TargetPageRaster] = []
+        rasters.reserveCapacity(request.pages.count)
+        for page in request.pages {
+            let raster = try TargetRasterLoader.load(
+                tiff: page.url,
+                expectedWidthMm: page.expectedWidthMm,
+                expectedHeightMm: page.expectedHeightMm)
+            if let drift = raster.manifestDrift {
+                diagnostics?(Notice(kind: .warning, text: drift))
+            }
+            if raster.pointSize.width > printInfo.paperSize.width + 0.5
+                || raster.pointSize.height
+                    > printInfo.paperSize.height + 0.5 {
+                diagnostics?(Notice(
+                    kind: .warning,
+                    text: "\(page.url.lastPathComponent) exceeds the "
+                        + "paper size — it will be clipped, not scaled."))
+            }
+            rasters.append(raster)
+        }
+
+        // S11–S13 — headless canvas + silent operation (D7).
+        let canvas = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: rasters, paperSize: printInfo.paperSize)
+        let operation = NSPrintOperation(view: canvas, printInfo: printInfo)
+        operation.showsPrintPanel = false
+        operation.showsProgressPanel = false
+        operation.canSpawnSeparateThread = false
+        operation.jobTitle = request.jobTitle
+        guard operation.run() else {
+            throw TargetSpoolError.operationFailed(
+                queue: request.queue, jobTitle: request.jobTitle)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// S1–S9 — a fully configured `NSPrintInfo` plus the resolved
+    /// write list. Extracted for the PDF harness + unit tests;
+    /// `spool(_:)` is the production entry point (it keeps the PM
+    /// printer handle alive through `run()`).
+    func makePrintInfo(
+        for request: TargetPrintRequest
+    ) throws -> (NSPrintInfo, ResolvedTicketWrites) {
+        let printer = PMTicketBridge.makePrinter(queue: request.queue)
+        defer { if let printer { PMTicketBridge.release(printer) } }
+        return try makePrintInfo(for: request, boundTo: printer)
+    }
+
+    private func makePrintInfo(
+        for request: TargetPrintRequest,
+        boundTo printer: PMPrinter?
+    ) throws -> (NSPrintInfo, ResolvedTicketWrites) {
+        // S1
+        let printInfo = NSPrintInfo()
+
+        // S2 — Cocoa-level printer first: it runs before binding and
+        // ticket restore, so a printer-driven settings reset cannot
+        // clobber the ticket (R9). Best effort; PM binding is
+        // authoritative.
+        var resolvedNSPrinter = false
+        if let nsPrinter = NSPrinter(name: request.queue)
+            ?? request.displayName.flatMap({ NSPrinter(name: $0) }) {
+            printInfo.printer = nsPrinter
+            resolvedNSPrinter = true
+        }
+
+        // S3 — PM binding + session defaults. A failed bind degrades
+        // to the NSPrinter fallback; with neither, the job would land
+        // on the default queue — a wrong answer, so it throws.
+        var boundViaPM = false
+        if let printer {
+            do {
+                try PMTicketBridge.bind(printer: printer, to: printInfo)
+                boundViaPM = true
+            } catch {
+                log(.warn, "Spool: PM bind failed for "
+                    + "'\(request.queue)' — continuing on the "
+                    + "NSPrinter fallback")
+            }
+        }
+        guard boundViaPM || resolvedNSPrinter else {
+            throw TargetSpoolError.printerUnresolved(queue: request.queue)
+        }
+
+        // S4 — rehydrate the captured ticket. `restore` itself refuses
+        // a cross-queue replay (R3).
+        if let ticket = request.ticket {
+            try PMTicketBridge.restore(ticket, into: printInfo)
+        }
+
+        // S5 — Stage 2 writes (AP_* + Quartz vocabularies + media /
+        // quality / bypass, D2/D6) onto the live PMPrintSettings.
+        let resolved = TicketWriteResolver.resolve(
+            overrides: request.overrides, optionKeys: request.optionKeys)
+        let settings = PMTicketBridge.settings(printInfo)
+        for write in resolved.writes {
+            // R4 — write only when the value differs, and log old→new
+            // so a vendor companion-key desync is diagnosable.
+            let current = PMTicketBridge.stringValue(
+                forKey: write.key, in: settings)
+            guard current != write.value else { continue }
+            if let current {
+                log(.info, "Spool: \(write.key): '\(current)' "
+                    + "→ '\(write.value)'")
+            }
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
+                write.value, forKey: write.key, locked: write.locked,
+                in: settings, context: "Spool")
+        }
+        printInfo.updateFromPMPrintSettings()
+        mirror(resolved.writes, into: printInfo)
+
+        // S6 — paper override: `PMPaper` match on the bound printer;
+        // `Custom.<w>x<h>` tokens (already points) set the Cocoa paper
+        // size directly.
+        if let token = resolved.paperToken {
+            if let printer, boundViaPM {
+                PMTicketBridge.applyPaper(
+                    token: token, printer: printer,
+                    session: PMTicketBridge.session(printInfo),
+                    printInfo: printInfo)
+            } else if let custom = PMTicketBridge
+                .customPaperDimensions(from: token) {
+                printInfo.paperSize = NSSize(
+                    width: custom.width, height: custom.height)
+            }
+        }
+
+        // S7 — orientation on the Cocoa page format; the
+        // `orientation-requested` write above is the driver half.
+        if let orientation = resolved.orientation {
+            printInfo.orientation = orientation == "landscape"
+                ? .landscape : .portrait
+        }
+
+        // S8 — private SPI on the live session; only meaningful with
+        // a bound printer (same constraint as the panel path).
+        if boundViaPM {
+            suppressor.applySPIMode(to: PMTicketBridge.session(printInfo))
+        }
+
+        // S9 — Cocoa geometry: margins 0, `.clip` pagination, 1:1
+        // scale, no centring; `.spool`, or `.save` + jobSavingURL
+        // under the PDF harness (D8/D9).
+        printInfo.topMargin = 0
+        printInfo.bottomMargin = 0
+        printInfo.leftMargin = 0
+        printInfo.rightMargin = 0
+        printInfo.horizontalPagination = .clip
+        printInfo.verticalPagination = .clip
+        printInfo.scalingFactor = 1.0
+        printInfo.isHorizontallyCentered = false
+        printInfo.isVerticallyCentered = false
+        if let saveURL = request.savePDFTo {
+            printInfo.jobDisposition = .save
+            printInfo.dictionary()[
+                NSPrintInfo.AttributeKey.jobSavingURL] = saveURL
+        } else {
+            printInfo.jobDisposition = .spool
+        }
+
+        return (printInfo, resolved)
+    }
+
+    /// The resolved writes also land in `NSPrintInfo.printSettings` so
+    /// the driver sees them through Cocoa — the
+    /// `com.apple.print.printSettings` sub-dictionary carries the
+    /// colour keys (D2 / docs/14 §7).
+    private func mirror(
+        _ writes: [TicketWrite], into printInfo: NSPrintInfo
+    ) {
+        let settings = printInfo.printSettings
+        for write in writes {
+            settings[write.key as NSString] = write.value as NSString
+        }
+        let nestedKey = ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzNestedDictKey as NSString
+        let nested = (settings[nestedKey] as? NSMutableDictionary)
+            ?? NSMutableDictionary()
+        for write in writes where Self.isColourKey(write.key) {
+            nested[write.key] = write.value
+        }
+        settings[nestedKey] = nested
+    }
+
+    private static func isColourKey(_ key: String) -> Bool {
+        ColorMatchingAttempts.printSettingsKeys.contains(key)
+            || key == ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzModeKey
+            || key == ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzProfileKey
+            || key == ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzLegacyModeKey
+    }
+}
+
+#if DEBUG
+/// UI-test seam (#201 D8). Runs the same `TicketWriteResolver` the
+/// native spooler runs, appends one deterministic line per request to
+/// `ICCERY_TEST_SPOOL_LOG`, and never touches the print system — so
+/// UI tests need no queue, no driver and no PM binding.
+///
+/// `ICCERY_TEST_SPOOL_FAIL=1` injects an `operationFailed` error for
+/// the failure-notice tests.
+@MainActor
+final class RecordingTargetSpooler: TargetSpooling {
+    let logURL: URL
+    var diagnostics: ((Notice) -> Void)?
+
+    init(logURL: URL) {
+        self.logURL = logURL
+    }
+
+    /// `queue=<q> title=<t> page=<basename> pages=<n> paper=<token|->
+    /// orientation=<o> keys=<k=v k=v …>` — keys sorted alphabetically
+    /// so assertions are order-free.
+    func spool(_ request: TargetPrintRequest) throws {
+        guard !request.pages.isEmpty else { throw TargetSpoolError.noPages }
+        if ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["ICCERY_TEST_SPOOL_FAIL"]
+            == "1" {
+            throw TargetSpoolError.operationFailed(
+                queue: request.queue, jobTitle: request.jobTitle)
+        }
+        let resolved = TicketWriteResolver.resolve(
+            overrides: request.overrides, optionKeys: request.optionKeys)
+        let keys = resolved.writes
+            .sorted { $0.key < $1.key }
+            .map { "\($0.key)=\($0.value)" }
+            .joined(separator: " ")
+        let line = "queue=\(request.queue)"
+            + " title=\(request.jobTitle)"
+            + " page=\(request.pages[0].url.lastPathComponent)"
+            + " pages=\(request.pages.count)"
+            + " paper=\(resolved.paperToken ?? "-")"
+            + " orientation=\(resolved.orientation ?? "-")"
+            + " keys=\(keys)\n"
+        // Atomic append — existing content + one line via the
+        // `.tmp`-then-rename convention (#213).
+        let existing = (try? String(contentsOf: logURL, encoding: .utf8))
+            ?? ""
+        try AtomicFileWriter.write(existing + line, to: logURL)
+    }
+}
+#endif

Sources/ICCery/Print/PMTicketBridge.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,389 @@
+import AppKit
+import ApplicationServices
+import ICCeryCore
+
+/// Errors raised by Core Printing bridge operations.
+enum PMTicketError: LocalizedError, Equatable {
+    case printerUnknown(queue: String)
+    case sessionBindingFailed(OSStatus)
+    case serialiseFailed(stage: String, status: OSStatus)
+    case restoreFailed(stage: String, status: OSStatus)
+
+    var errorDescription: String? {
+        switch self {
+        case .printerUnknown(let queue):
+            return "No printer found for queue '\(queue)'."
+        case .sessionBindingFailed(let status):
+            return "Could not bind the print session to the queue (OSStatus \(status))."
+        case .serialiseFailed(let stage, let status):
+            return "Print ticket capture failed at \(stage) (OSStatus \(status))."
+        case .restoreFailed(let stage, let status):
+            return "Print ticket restore failed at \(stage) (OSStatus \(status))."
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Every Core Printing (`PM*`) call in ICCery lives here (#201 D12).
+///
+/// Ownership — the ONLY rules, do not improvise:
+/// * `PMPrinterCreateFromPrinterID`, `PMCreatePageFormatWithPMPaper`,
+///   `PMPrintSettingsCreateWithDataRepresentation`,
+///   `PMPageFormatCreateWithDataRepresentation` return **+1** →
+///   `PMRelease(object(_:))` on every path (`defer`).
+/// * `PM*CreateDataRepresentation` writes a **+1 CFData** →
+///   `takeRetainedValue()` (the headers say "the caller is responsible
+///   for releasing"; the out-param is not `CF_RETURNS_RETAINED`-annotated,
+///   so Swift hands back an unbalanced `Unmanaged`).
+/// * `PMPrinterGetPaperList`, `PMPaperGetID`, `PMPrinterGetID`,
+///   `PMPrintSettingsGetValue` are **borrowed** → `takeUnretainedValue()`,
+///   never released. `PMSessionGetCurrentPrinter` hands back the
+///   session's own printer — also borrowed, never `PMRelease`d (an
+///   over-release here dangles the session and crashes AppKit's
+///   `_printerInPrintSession` / session teardown).
+/// * `printInfo.pmPrintSession()/pmPrintSettings()/pmPageFormat()` are
+///   borrowed from the `NSPrintInfo` → never released.
+@MainActor
+enum PMTicketBridge {
+
+    // MARK: Handles
+
+    /// Borrowed `PMPrintSession` from the `NSPrintInfo` — never released.
+    static func session(_ printInfo: NSPrintInfo) -> PMPrintSession {
+        unsafeBitCast(printInfo.pmPrintSession(), to: PMPrintSession.self)
+    }
+
+    /// Borrowed `PMPrintSettings` from the `NSPrintInfo` — never released.
+    static func settings(_ printInfo: NSPrintInfo) -> PMPrintSettings {
+        unsafeBitCast(printInfo.pmPrintSettings(), to: PMPrintSettings.self)
+    }
+
+    /// Borrowed `PMPageFormat` from the `NSPrintInfo` — never released.
+    static func pageFormat(_ printInfo: NSPrintInfo) -> PMPageFormat {
+        unsafeBitCast(printInfo.pmPageFormat(), to: PMPageFormat.self)
+    }
+
+    /// Any `PM*` handle → `PMObject` for `PMRelease` — the Carbon API
+    /// wants `UnsafeRawPointer`, Swift imports handles as `OpaquePointer`.
+    static func object<Handle>(_ handle: Handle) -> PMObject {
+        unsafeBitCast(handle, to: PMObject.self)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: Binding  (layer ①)
+
+    /// `PMPrinterCreateFromPrinterID` — **+1**, caller must
+    /// `PMTicketBridge.release` on every path.
+    static func makePrinter(queue: String) -> PMPrinter? {
+        PMPrinterCreateFromPrinterID(queue as CFString)
+    }
+
+    /// Balances `makePrinter(queue:)` / any +1 PM handle.
+    static func release(_ printer: PMPrinter) {
+        PMRelease(object(printer))
+    }
+
+    /// `PMSessionSetCurrentPMPrinter` + session defaults (warn-only).
+    /// Throws `PMTicketError.sessionBindingFailed` when the bind itself
+    /// fails — the caller still owns `printer` on every path.
+    static func bind(printer: PMPrinter, to printInfo: NSPrintInfo) throws {
+        let session = session(printInfo)
+        let status = PMSessionSetCurrentPMPrinter(session, printer)
+        guard status == 0 else {
+            throw PMTicketError.sessionBindingFailed(status)
+        }
+        // Warn-only: defaults keep the panel consistent with the
+        // queue but are not fatal when they fail.
+        _ = PMSessionDefaultPrintSettings(session, settings(printInfo))
+        _ = PMSessionDefaultPageFormat(session, pageFormat(printInfo))
+    }
+
+    /// `PMSessionGetCurrentPrinter` → `PMPrinterGetID` → String.
+    static func currentPrinterID(
+        session: PMPrintSession,
+        fallback: String
+    ) -> String {
+        var current: PMPrinter?
+        guard PMSessionGetCurrentPrinter(session, &current) == 0,
+              let printer = current
+        else { return fallback }
+        // Borrowed from the session — never released (see header doc).
+        guard let id = PMPrinterGetID(printer)
+        else { return fallback }
+        return id.takeUnretainedValue() as String
+    }
+
+    // MARK: Ticket  (#201 D3)
+
+    /// Capture the live `PMPrintSettings` + `PMPageFormat` as XML
+    /// `Data` plus a plist-safe `NSPrintInfo.dictionary()` fallback.
+    /// The CFData out-params are **+1** by header contract
+    /// ("the caller is responsible for releasing") →
+    /// `takeRetainedValue()`.
+    static func serialise(
+        _ printInfo: NSPrintInfo,
+        queue: String
+    ) throws -> PrintTicket {
+        var settingsRef: Unmanaged<CFData>?
+        let settingsStatus = PMPrintSettingsCreateDataRepresentation(
+            settings(printInfo), &settingsRef, kPMDataFormatXMLDefault)
+        guard settingsStatus == noErr, let settingsRef else {
+            throw PMTicketError.serialiseFailed(
+                stage: "printSettings", status: settingsStatus)
+        }
+        let settingsData = settingsRef.takeRetainedValue() as Data
+
+        var pageFormatRef: Unmanaged<CFData>?
+        let pageFormatStatus = PMPageFormatCreateDataRepresentation(
+            pageFormat(printInfo), &pageFormatRef, kPMDataFormatXMLDefault)
+        guard pageFormatStatus == noErr, let pageFormatRef else {
+            throw PMTicketError.serialiseFailed(
+                stage: "pageFormat", status: pageFormatStatus)
+        }
+        let pageFormatData = pageFormatRef.takeRetainedValue() as Data
+
+        // Cocoa-level fallback — warn-only, never fatal: filter the
+        // dictionary to plist-safe values so one exotic attribute
+        // cannot fail the whole snapshot.
+        let plist = try? PropertyListSerialization.data(
+            fromPropertyList: plistSafe(printInfo.dictionary()) ?? [:],
+            format: .binary, options: 0)
+
+        return PrintTicket(
+            queue: queue,
+            printSettings: settingsData,
+            pageFormat: pageFormatData,
+            printInfoPlist: plist,
+            capturedAt: Date())
+    }
+
+    /// Rehydrate a ticket into `printInfo`'s live PM objects. Order is
+    /// load-bearing: create → copy → session-validate → Cocoa update.
+    /// Cross-queue replay is refused (R3) — the destination's bound
+    /// queue is the session's current printer; a destination with no
+    /// bound printer accepts the ticket (the spooler always binds
+    /// first, so production replay is always guarded).
+    /// A page-format failure is warn-only — paper is re-derived
+    /// upstream by the spooler's S6/S7.
+    static func restore(
+        _ ticket: PrintTicket,
+        into printInfo: NSPrintInfo
+    ) throws {
+        let bound = currentPrinterID(
+            session: session(printInfo),
+            fallback: ticket.queue)
+        guard ticket.queue == bound else {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "PrintTicket: refusing to replay a ticket captured "
+                    + "for '\(ticket.queue)' onto '\(bound)'")
+            return
+        }
+
+        var srcSettings: PMPrintSettings?
+        let createStatus = PMPrintSettingsCreateWithDataRepresentation(
+            ticket.printSettings as CFData, &srcSettings)
+        defer {
+            if let srcSettings { PMRelease(object(srcSettings)) }
+        }
+        guard createStatus == noErr, let srcSettings else {
+            throw PMTicketError.restoreFailed(
+                stage: "printSettings", status: createStatus)
+        }
+        let copyStatus = PMCopyPrintSettings(
+            srcSettings, settings(printInfo))
+        guard copyStatus == noErr else {
+            throw PMTicketError.restoreFailed(
+                stage: "printSettings", status: copyStatus)
+        }
+        var changed = DarwinBoolean(false)
+        _ = PMSessionValidatePrintSettings(
+            session(printInfo), settings(printInfo), &changed)
+        if changed.boolValue {
+            AppLogger.shared.info(
+                "PrintTicket: driver adjusted the restored ticket")
+        }
+        printInfo.updateFromPMPrintSettings()
+
+        // Page format — warn-only.
+        var srcFormat: PMPageFormat?
+        let formatStatus = PMPageFormatCreateWithDataRepresentation(
+            ticket.pageFormat as CFData, &srcFormat)
+        defer {
+            if let srcFormat { PMRelease(object(srcFormat)) }
+        }
+        guard formatStatus == noErr, let srcFormat else {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "PrintTicket: page format restore failed "
+                    + "(\(formatStatus)) — paper re-derived upstream")
+            return
+        }
+        guard PMCopyPageFormat(srcFormat, pageFormat(printInfo)) == noErr
+        else {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "PrintTicket: page format copy failed — "
+                    + "paper re-derived upstream")
+            return
+        }
+        var formatChanged = DarwinBoolean(false)
+        _ = PMSessionValidatePageFormat(
+            session(printInfo), pageFormat(printInfo), &formatChanged)
+        printInfo.updateFromPMPageFormat()
+    }
+
+    /// Recursive plist-safety filter for `NSPrintInfo.dictionary()`:
+    /// keeps String / NSNumber / Bool / Date / Data / URL (→
+    /// absoluteString) / Array / Dictionary, drops everything else, so
+    /// one non-plist attribute cannot fail the whole snapshot.
+    private static func plistSafe(_ value: Any) -> Any? {
+        switch value {
+        case let string as String:
+            return string
+        case let number as NSNumber:
+            return number
+        case let date as Date:
+            return date
+        case let data as Data:
+            return data
+        case let url as URL:
+            return url.absoluteString
+        case let array as [Any]:
+            return array.compactMap(plistSafe)
+        case let dictionary as [String: Any]:
+            var safe: [String: Any] = [:]
+            for (key, element) in dictionary {
+                if let filtered = plistSafe(element) {
+                    safe[key] = filtered
+                }
+            }
+            return safe
+        case let dictionary as [NSPrintInfo.AttributeKey: Any]:
+            var safe: [String: Any] = [:]
+            for (key, element) in dictionary {
+                if let filtered = plistSafe(element) {
+                    safe[key.rawValue] = filtered
+                }
+            }
+            return safe
+        default:
+            return nil
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: Values
+
+    /// Warn-only `PMPrintSettingsSetValue`: a driver that rejects a key
+    /// must not abort the caller's flow. Returns `true` on success.
+    @discardableResult
+    static func setValue(
+        _ value: String,
+        forKey key: String,
+        locked: Bool,
+        in settings: PMPrintSettings,
+        context: String
+    ) -> Bool {
+        let status = PMPrintSettingsSetValue(
+            settings, key as CFString, value as CFString, locked)
+        if status != 0 {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "\(context): PMPrintSettingsSetValue(\(key)) "
+                    + "rejected (\(status))")
+            return false
+        }
+        return true
+    }
+
+    /// `PMPrintSettingsGetValue` — borrowed value, never released.
+    /// `nil` for absent keys, non-string values, or lookup errors.
+    static func stringValue(
+        forKey key: String,
+        in settings: PMPrintSettings
+    ) -> String? {
+        var value: Unmanaged<CFTypeRef>?
+        guard PMPrintSettingsGetValue(
+            settings, key as CFString, &value) == 0,
+              let ref = value?.takeUnretainedValue()
+        else { return nil }
+        return ref as? String
+    }
+
+    // MARK: Paper
+
+    /// The `PMPageFormat` half of paper preselect (#186 E1): the
+    /// panel's paper dropdown reflects the page format's `PMPaper`,
+    /// not `PMPrintSettings`. Match the Stage 2 `PageSize` token to a
+    /// paper from `PMPrinterGetPaperList`, rebuild the page format
+    /// around it, and copy it into the printInfo's format (TN2248:
+    /// `PMCreatePageFormatWithPMPaper` → `PMSessionValidatePageFormat`
+    /// → `PMCopyPageFormat` → `updateFromPMPageFormat`).
+    /// `Custom.<w>x<h>` tokens (already points) have no `PMPaper` —
+    /// set the Cocoa `paperSize` directly. Warn-only throughout: a
+    /// missed match must not keep the panel from opening.
+    static func applyPaper(
+        token: String,
+        printer: PMPrinter,
+        session: PMPrintSession,
+        printInfo: NSPrintInfo
+    ) {
+        if let custom = customPaperDimensions(from: token) {
+            printInfo.paperSize = NSSize(
+                width: custom.width, height: custom.height)
+            return
+        }
+        var paperList: Unmanaged<CFArray>?
+        guard PMPrinterGetPaperList(printer, &paperList) == 0,
+              let papers = paperList?.takeUnretainedValue()
+        else {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "Print panel: PMPrinterGetPaperList failed — "
+                    + "paper preselect skipped")
+            return
+        }
+        // The list (and its elements) is owned by the printer —
+        // borrowed, never released.
+        var match: PMPaper?
+        for index in 0..<CFArrayGetCount(papers) {
+            let paper = unsafeBitCast(
+                CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(papers, index), to: PMPaper.self)
+            var idRef: Unmanaged<CFString>?
+            guard PMPaperGetID(paper, &idRef) == 0,
+                  let paperID = idRef?.takeUnretainedValue() as String?
+            else { continue }
+            if paperID == token {
+                match = paper
+                break
+            }
+        }
+        guard let paper = match else {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "Print panel: no PMPaper id matches '\(token)'")
+            return
+        }
+        var created: PMPageFormat?
+        guard PMCreatePageFormatWithPMPaper(&created, paper) == 0,
+              let newFormat = created
+        else {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "Print panel: PMCreatePageFormatWithPMPaper failed "
+                    + "for '\(token)'")
+            return
+        }
+        defer { PMRelease(object(newFormat)) }
+        _ = PMSessionValidatePageFormat(session, newFormat, nil)
+        _ = PMCopyPageFormat(newFormat, pageFormat(printInfo))
+        printInfo.updateFromPMPageFormat()
+    }
+
+    /// `Custom.<w>x<h>` → dimensions in points (the token builder
+    /// emits integer points, mm × 72/25.4). `nil` for non-custom or
+    /// malformed tokens — a malformed `Custom.*` then misses the
+    /// `PMPaper` match and logs instead of guessing a size.
+    static func customPaperDimensions(
+        from token: String
+    ) -> (width: Double, height: Double)? {
+        guard token.hasPrefix("Custom.") else { return nil }
+        let dims = token.dropFirst("Custom.".count).split(separator: "x")
+        guard dims.count == 2,
+              let width = Double(dims[0]), let height = Double(dims[1]),
+              width > 0, height > 0
+        else { return nil }
+        return (width, height)
+    }
+}

Sources/ICCery/Print/PrintPanelService.swift

@@ -4,13 +4,10 @@ import ICCeryCore
 
 /// Errors raised while preparing the bound print panel.
 enum PrintPanelError: LocalizedError {
-    case sessionBindingFailed(OSStatus)
     case noPrinterFound(String)
 
     var errorDescription: String? {
         switch self {
-        case .sessionBindingFailed(let status):
-            return "Could not bind the print session to the queue (OSStatus \(status))."
         case .noPrinterFound(let name):
             return "No printer found for '\(name)'."
         }
@@ -18,18 +15,21 @@ enum PrintPanelError: LocalizedError {
 }
 
 /// Stage 2 selections pre-applied to the bound print panel before it
-/// opens (#183). This phase consumes `paperSize` + `qualityKey`/
-/// `quality` only; `mediaType` and `orientation` preselect — and the
-/// `PMPageFormat`/`PMPaper` half of paper — are #186's scope.
+/// opens (#183/#186). Every write is warn-only — the panel still
+/// opens when a driver ignores a key.
 struct PrintPanelInitialSelections {
-    /// CUPS `PageSize` token, e.g. `"A4"` / `"Custom.595x842"`.
+    /// CUPS `PageSize` token, e.g. `"A4"` / `"Custom.595x842"`. Written
+    /// to `PMPrintSettings` **and** `PMPageFormat` (#186 E1).
     var paperSize: String?
     /// The queue's detected quality enumeration key, e.g. `EPIJ_Qual`.
     var qualityKey: String?
     /// The selected quality token.
     var quality: String?
-    var mediaType: String?      // #186 consumes
-    var orientation: String?    // #186 consumes
+    /// The selected media token — written to the queue's detected
+    /// vendor key (`CNIJMediaType`/`EPIJ_Medi`/…) (#186).
+    var mediaType: String?
+    /// `"portrait"`/`"landscape"` → `orientation-requested` 3|4 (#186).
+    var orientation: String?
 }
 
 /// Preferences → native `NSPrintPanel` bound to the selected CUPS
@@ -59,10 +59,12 @@ struct PrintPanelService {
         cupsService: CupsService,
         initialSelections: PrintPanelInitialSelections =
             PrintPanelInitialSelections()
-    ) async throws -> PrintPropertiesResult? {
+    ) async throws -> PanelCaptureResult? {
         #if DEBUG
         if UITestHooks.printPanelStubbed {
-            return UITestHooks.printPanelResult(forQueue: queue)
+            return UITestHooks.printPanelResult(forQueue: queue).map {
+                PanelCaptureResult(properties: $0, ticket: nil)
+            }
         }
         #endif
         // `??` rhs is a non-async @autoclosure — fetch first.
@@ -84,36 +86,43 @@ struct PrintPanelService {
         displayName: String?,
         optionKeys: Set<String>,
         initialSelections: PrintPanelInitialSelections
-    ) throws -> PrintPropertiesResult? {
+    ) throws -> PanelCaptureResult? {
         let printInfo = NSPrintInfo()
         var pmPrinter: PMPrinter?
         var boundViaPM = false
 
         // ① Bind the session to the selected CUPS queue (docs/11).
-        if let printer = PMPrinterCreateFromPrinterID(queue as CFString) {
+        if let printer = PMTicketBridge.makePrinter(queue: queue) {
             pmPrinter = printer
-            let session = unsafeBitCast(
-                printInfo.pmPrintSession(), to: PMPrintSession.self)
-            let settings = unsafeBitCast(
-                printInfo.pmPrintSettings(), to: PMPrintSettings.self)
-            let pageFormat = unsafeBitCast(
-                printInfo.pmPageFormat(), to: PMPageFormat.self)
+            let session = PMTicketBridge.session(printInfo)
+            let settings = PMTicketBridge.settings(printInfo)
 
-            let status = PMSessionSetCurrentPMPrinter(session, printer)
-            if status != 0 {
-                PMRelease(Self.pmObject(printer))
-                throw PrintPanelError.sessionBindingFailed(status)
+            do {
+                try PMTicketBridge.bind(printer: printer, to: printInfo)
+            } catch {
+                PMTicketBridge.release(printer)
+                throw error
             }
-            // Warn-only: defaults keep the panel consistent with the
-            // queue but are not fatal when they fail.
-            _ = PMSessionDefaultPrintSettings(session, settings)
-            _ = PMSessionDefaultPageFormat(session, pageFormat)
             // Initial selections — after `PMSessionDefault*`, before
-            // ColorSync suppression ②–⑤ (locked write order, #183).
-            applyInitialSelections(initialSelections, to: settings)
+            // ColorSync suppression ②–⑤ (locked write order,
+            // #183/#186). Paper is TWO writes (E1): the `PageSize`
+            // print-settings value drivers/capture read AND the
+            // `PMPageFormat` paper the panel's dropdown reflects.
+            applyInitialSelections(
+                initialSelections, to: settings, optionKeys: optionKeys)
+            if let paperToken = initialSelections.paperSize {
+                PMTicketBridge.applyPaper(
+                    token: paperToken, printer: printer,
+                    session: session, printInfo: printInfo)
+            }
             boundViaPM = true
         } else {
             // Fallback: NSPrinter by display name (docs/11 §binding).
+            // Warn — the display name can resolve a *different* queue
+            // (#186 E2: diagnosable, not a proven defect).
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "Print panel: PM binding unavailable for '\(queue)' — "
+                    + "falling back to NSPrinter(displayName)")
             guard let displayName,
                   let nsPrinter = NSPrinter(name: displayName)
             else {
@@ -125,21 +134,20 @@ struct PrintPanelService {
         }
         defer {
             if let printer = pmPrinter {
-                PMRelease(Self.pmObject(printer))
+                PMTicketBridge.release(printer)
             }
         }
 
         // ②–⑤ ColourSync suppression — only on the PM path: the SPI
         // and PMPrintSettingsSetValue need a session with a current
         // printer to attach to.
-        var settings = unsafeBitCast(
-            printInfo.pmPrintSettings(), to: PMPrintSettings.self)
+        var settings = PMTicketBridge.settings(printInfo)
         var driverBypass: (key: String, value: String)?
         if boundViaPM {
-            let session = unsafeBitCast(
-                printInfo.pmPrintSession(), to: PMPrintSession.self)
+            let session = PMTicketBridge.session(printInfo)
             suppressor.applySPIMode(to: session)                    // ②
             suppressor.applyLockedKeys(to: settings)                // ③
+            suppressor.applyQuartzMode(to: settings)                // ⑤′-a (D2)
             driverBypass = suppressor.applyDriverBypass(            // ④
                 to: settings, optionKeys: optionKeys)
             suppressor.mirror(into: printInfo, driverBypass: driverBypass) // ⑤
@@ -166,70 +174,73 @@ struct PrintPanelService {
         var cupsOptions: String?
         var mediaType: String?
         if boundViaPM {
-            settings = unsafeBitCast(
-                printInfo.pmPrintSettings(), to: PMPrintSettings.self)
+            settings = PMTicketBridge.settings(printInfo)
             let captured = suppressor.captureOptions(from: settings)
             cupsOptions = captured.cupsOptions
             mediaType = captured.mediaType
         }
         let capturedOptions = cupsOptions ?? ""
-        return PrintPropertiesResult(
-            selectedPrinter: boundViaPM
-                ? Self.currentPrinterID(
-                    session: unsafeBitCast(
-                        printInfo.pmPrintSession(), to: PMPrintSession.self),
+        let resolvedQueue = boundViaPM
+            ? PMTicketBridge.currentPrinterID(
+                session: PMTicketBridge.session(printInfo),
                 fallback: queue)
-                : nil,
+            : queue
+        // ⑦ Serialise the native ticket — the payload `lp -o` could
+        // never carry (#201). Warn-only via `try?`: a serialise
+        // failure must not lose the Stage 2 mirror above.
+        let ticket = try? PMTicketBridge.serialise(
+            printInfo, queue: resolvedQueue)
+        return PanelCaptureResult(
+            properties: PrintPropertiesResult(
+                selectedPrinter: boundViaPM ? resolvedQueue : nil,
                 options: PrintOptions(
                     orientation: CupsParsers.extractOrientation(
                         fromOptionsString: capturedOptions),
                     paperSize: CupsParsers.extractOption(
-                    named: "PageSize", fromOptionsString: capturedOptions),
+                        named: "PageSize",
+                        fromOptionsString: capturedOptions),
                     mediaType: mediaType,
                     quality: CupsParsers.extractQuality(
                         fromOptionsString: capturedOptions),
                     ppdUncorrectedPassthrough: true,
-                cupsOptions: cupsOptions))
+                    cupsOptions: cupsOptions)),
+            ticket: ticket)
     }
 
-    /// Initial-selection `PMPrintSettings` writes — paper size and
-    /// quality only this phase; media type / orientation and the
-    /// `PMPageFormat`/`PMPaper` paper half are #186's contract.
+    /// Initial-selection `PMPrintSettings` writes — paper, quality,
+    /// media type, orientation. All warn-only: a driver that ignores
+    /// a key must not keep the panel from opening (R12 surfaces via
+    /// the capture echo instead).
     private func applyInitialSelections(
         _ selections: PrintPanelInitialSelections,
-        to settings: PMPrintSettings
+        to settings: PMPrintSettings,
+        optionKeys: Set<String>
     ) {
         if let paperSize = selections.paperSize {
-            _ = PMPrintSettingsSetValue(
-                settings, "PageSize" as CFString,
-                paperSize as CFString, false)
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
+                paperSize, forKey: "PageSize", locked: false,
+                in: settings, context: "Print panel")
         }
         if let key = selections.qualityKey, let value = selections.quality {
-            _ = PMPrintSettingsSetValue(
-                settings, key as CFString, value as CFString, false)
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
+                value, forKey: key, locked: false,
+                in: settings, context: "Print panel")
+        }
+        // Media type via the queue's detected vendor key (#186).
+        if let mediaType = selections.mediaType,
+           let mediaKey = CupsParsers.detectMediaTypeKey(
+               optionKeys: optionKeys) {
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
+                mediaType, forKey: mediaKey, locked: false,
+                in: settings, context: "Print panel")
+        }
+        // Orientation — portrait=3, landscape=4 (CUPS IPP codes).
+        if let orientation = selections.orientation {
+            let code = orientation == "landscape" ? "4" : "3"
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
+                code, forKey: "orientation-requested", locked: false,
+                in: settings, context: "Print panel")
         }
     }
 
-    // MARK: - PM helpers
-
-    /// `PMPrinter` → `PMObject` for `PMRelease` — the Carbon API wants
-    /// `UnsafeRawPointer`, Swift imports `PMPrinter` as `OpaquePointer`.
-    static func pmObject(_ printer: PMPrinter) -> PMObject {
-        unsafeBitCast(printer, to: PMObject.self)
-    }
-
-    /// `PMSessionGetCurrentPrinter` → `PMPrinterGetID` → String.
-    private static func currentPrinterID(
-        session: PMPrintSession,
-        fallback: String
-    ) -> String {
-        var current: PMPrinter?
-        guard PMSessionGetCurrentPrinter(session, &current) == 0,
-              let printer = current
-        else { return fallback }
-        defer { PMRelease(pmObject(printer)) }
-        guard let id = PMPrinterGetID(printer)
-        else { return fallback }
-        return id.takeUnretainedValue() as String
-    }
 }

Sources/ICCery/Print/PrintSessionViewModel.swift

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ import Combine
 import Foundation
 import ICCeryCore
 
-/// CUPS queue selection, bound print panel, and `lp` spool (issues 12–15, 17 / #85).
+/// CUPS queue selection, bound print panel, and native headless spool
+/// (issues 12–15, 17 / #85, #201).
 @MainActor
 final class PrintSessionViewModel: ObservableObject {
     let wizard: WizardViewModel
@@ -13,7 +14,15 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModel: ObservableObject {
     weak var workflow: TargetWorkflowViewModel?
 
     @Published var printers: [Printer] = []
-    @Published var selectedPrinter = ""
+    @Published var selectedPrinter = "" {
+        didSet {
+            // Tickets are queue- and driver-version-specific — a stale
+            // ticket must never replay onto a re-selected queue (R3).
+            if selectedPrinter != oldValue {
+                capturedTickets[oldValue] = nil
+            }
+        }
+    }
     @Published var printerCaps = PrinterCapabilities()
     @Published var selectedTray: Int?
     @Published var selectedMediaType: String?
@@ -23,13 +32,44 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModel: ObservableObject {
     @Published var selectedQuality: String?
     @Published var printOrientation = "portrait"
     @Published var capturedCupsOptions: [String: String] = [:]
+    /// Native print tickets per queue — the spool payload (#201).
+    /// Session-only; cleared whenever the queue's mirror is.
+    @Published var capturedTickets: [String: PrintTicket] = [:]
     @Published var printNotice: Notice?
     @Published var isPrinting = false
+    /// Session-only job granularity (#201 D5): off → one job per page
+    /// (per-page notices + error attribution); on → a single job.
+    @Published var singleJobForAllPages = false
+    /// The spool backend — the `ICCERY_TEST_SPOOL_LOG` recording seam
+    /// under UI testing, `NSPrintOperation` otherwise (#201 D8).
+    /// `internal` so unit tests inject.
+    var spooler: TargetSpooling
     private var printTask: Task<Void, Never>?
 
     init(wizard: WizardViewModel, environment: AppEnvironment) {
         self.wizard = wizard
         self.environment = environment
+        #if DEBUG
+        if UITestHooks.isEnabled, let logURL = UITestHooks.spoolLogURL {
+            spooler = RecordingTargetSpooler(logURL: logURL)
+        } else {
+            spooler = NativeTargetSpooler()
+        }
+        #else
+        spooler = NativeTargetSpooler()
+        #endif
+        attachDiagnostics()
+    }
+
+    /// Warn-only spooler diagnostics (manifest drift, oversize page)
+    /// surface as the in-panel notice. Re-attached per request so an
+    /// injected spooler picks it up too — and so `spooler` needs no
+    /// `didSet` (mutating `diagnostics` through the existential would
+    /// re-fire the observer and recurse).
+    private func attachDiagnostics() {
+        spooler.diagnostics = { [weak self] notice in
+            self?.printNotice = notice
+        }
     }
 
     private var printerEnumTask: Task<[Printer]?, Never>?
@@ -131,7 +171,8 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModel: ObservableObject {
 
     /// The CUPS `PageSize` token for the current Stage 2 pick — live
     /// `Custom.<pt>x<pt>` for the synthetic entry, else the capability
-    /// name. This is what `lp -o PageSize=` sees.
+    /// name. Resolved into the `PageSize` ticket write and the
+    /// `PMPaper` match on the native spool path (#201).
     var selectedPaperSizeToken: String? {
         guard let id = selectedPaperSize else { return nil }
         if id == 0 { return customPaperToken() }
@@ -147,8 +188,8 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModel: ObservableObject {
             paperSize: selectedPaperSizeToken,
             qualityKey: printerCaps.qualityKey,
             quality: selectedQuality,
-            mediaType: nil,
-            orientation: nil)
+            mediaType: selectedMediaType,
+            orientation: printOrientation)
         Task { @MainActor in
             do {
                 guard let result = try await PrintPanelService()
@@ -164,29 +205,37 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModel: ObservableObject {
                     )
                     return
                 }
-                if let selected = result.selectedPrinter,
+                if let selected = result.properties.selectedPrinter,
                    printers.contains(where: { $0.name == selected }),
                    selected != queue {
                     selectedPrinter = selected
                     await reloadSelectedCapabilities()
                 }
-                if let captured = result.options.cupsOptions {
+                if let captured = result.properties.options.cupsOptions {
                     capturedCupsOptions[selectedPrinter] = captured
                 }
-                if let media = result.options.mediaType {
+                // The native ticket rides alongside the mirror (#201).
+                if let ticket = result.ticket {
+                    capturedTickets[ticket.queue] = ticket
+                }
+                if let media = result.properties.options.mediaType {
                     selectedMediaType = media
                 }
-                // Capture-return (#183): a dialog paper/quality change
-                // updates the Stage 2 selections — never
-                // `workflow.pageSize` (printtarg layout is sacred).
-                if let paper = result.options.paperSize,
+                // Capture-return (#183/#186): a dialog paper/quality/
+                // orientation change updates the Stage 2 selections —
+                // never `workflow.pageSize` (printtarg layout is
+                // sacred).
+                if let paper = result.properties.options.paperSize,
                    let match = printerCaps.paperSizes
                        .first(where: { $0.name == paper }) {
                     selectedPaperSize = match.id
                 }
-                if let quality = result.options.quality {
+                if let quality = result.properties.options.quality {
                     selectedQuality = quality
                 }
+                if let orientation = result.properties.options.orientation {
+                    printOrientation = orientation
+                }
                 printNotice = Notice(
                     kind: .info,
                     text: "Settings captured for \(selectedPrinter).",
@@ -205,10 +254,31 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModel: ObservableObject {
             guard let self else { return }
             // `defer` cannot mutate isolated state under Swift 5.7
             // (Xcode 14.2 / macOS 12 runner), so clear explicitly (#113).
+            if singleJobForAllPages {
+                // D5 — one job carries every page; a failure names the
+                // job, not a page (R14).
+                do {
+                    try await spoolAll(result)
+                    printNotice = Notice(
+                        kind: .info,
+                        text: "Sent \(result.pages.count) page(s) in "
+                            + "one job to \(selectedPrinter).",
+                        autoHideAfter: nil
+                    )
+                } catch {
+                    printNotice = Notice(
+                        kind: .error,
+                        text: "Print failed: \(error.localizedDescription)"
+                    )
+                }
+                isPrinting = false
+                self.printTask = nil
+                return
+            }
             var printed = 0
             for page in result.pages {
                 do {
-                    try await spool(page, index: page.index)
+                    try await spool(page)
                     printed += 1
                 } catch {
                     printNotice = Notice(
@@ -238,7 +308,7 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModel: ObservableObject {
         let task = Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
             guard let self else { return }
             do {
-                try await spool(page, index: page.index)
+                try await spool(page)
                 printNotice = Notice(
                     kind: .info,
                     text: "Sent \(page.page.filename) to \(selectedPrinter).",
@@ -256,25 +326,55 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModel: ObservableObject {
         printTask = task
     }
 
-    private func spool(_ page: GalleryPage, index: Int) async throws {
+    private func spool(_ page: GalleryPage) async throws {
+        let request = try await makeRequest(
+            pages: [page], title: page.page.filename)
+        try spooler.spool(request)
+        wizard.printerName = selectedPrinter
+    }
+
+    private func spoolAll(_ result: PrinttargResult) async throws {
+        let request = try await makeRequest(
+            pages: result.pages,
+            title: result.ti2URL.deletingPathExtension()
+                .lastPathComponent)
+        try spooler.spool(request)
+        wizard.printerName = selectedPrinter
+    }
+
+    /// Assemble the deterministic spool request: the captured ticket
+    /// (when the panel produced one) plus the Stage 2 overrides and
+    /// the queue's option-key roster for vendor-key detection (#201).
+    /// The Stage 2 paper token feeds the `PageSize` write;
+    /// `workflow.pageSize` remains the printtarg layout input only
+    /// (#183).
+    private func makeRequest(
+        pages: [GalleryPage], title: String
+    ) async throws -> TargetPrintRequest {
         guard !selectedPrinter.isEmpty else {
             throw CupsError.noPrinterSelected
         }
-        // The Stage 2 paper token is what `lp -o PageSize=` sees;
-        // `workflow.pageSize` remains the printtarg layout input only
-        // (#183).
-        let options = PrintOptions(
-            orientation: printOrientation,
+        let queue = selectedPrinter
+        let optionKeys = (try? await environment.cupsService
+            .optionKeys(for: queue)) ?? []
+        attachDiagnostics()
+        return TargetPrintRequest(
+            queue: queue,
+            displayName: printers.first { $0.name == queue }?.displayName,
+            pages: pages.map {
+                TargetPrintPage(
+                    url: $0.fileURL,
+                    expectedWidthMm: $0.page.widthMm,
+                    expectedHeightMm: $0.page.heightMm)
+            },
+            jobTitle: "ICCery Target - \(title)",
+            ticket: capturedTickets[queue],
+            overrides: TargetPrintOverrides(
                 paperSize: selectedPaperSizeToken,
                 mediaType: selectedMediaType,
+                qualityKey: printerCaps.qualityKey,
                 quality: selectedQuality,
-            ppdUncorrectedPassthrough: true,
-            cupsOptions: capturedCupsOptions[selectedPrinter])
-        try await environment.cupsService.printTarget(
-            queue: selectedPrinter,
-            tiffPath: page.fileURL.path,
-            options: options,
-            page: index)
-        wizard.printerName = selectedPrinter
+                orientation: printOrientation),
+            optionKeys: optionKeys)
     }
 }

Sources/ICCery/Print/PrintTicket.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import Foundation
+import ICCeryCore
+
+/// A captured native print ticket (#201) — the payload `lp -o` could
+/// never carry. Vendor PDE state, including opaque binary blobs, is
+/// preserved verbatim inside `printSettings`.
+///
+/// In-memory, session-only. Never written to `settings.json` or an
+/// `.icceryproj` (a ticket is queue- and driver-version-specific).
+struct PrintTicket: Equatable, Sendable {
+    /// CUPS queue id this ticket was captured for. Replay onto any other
+    /// queue is refused (R3).
+    let queue: String
+    /// `PMPrintSettingsCreateDataRepresentation(…, kPMDataFormatXMLDefault)`.
+    let printSettings: Data
+    /// `PMPageFormatCreateDataRepresentation(…, kPMDataFormatXMLDefault)`.
+    let pageFormat: Data
+    /// Binary-plist snapshot of `NSPrintInfo.dictionary()`, plist-filtered.
+    /// Cocoa-level fallback only — never the primary restore path.
+    let printInfoPlist: Data?
+    let capturedAt: Date
+}
+
+/// App-level panel outcome: the ICCeryCore `PrintPropertiesResult`
+/// (Stage 2 mirror values, #183/#186) **plus** the native ticket the
+/// spooler replays (#201).
+struct PanelCaptureResult {
+    var properties: PrintPropertiesResult
+    var ticket: PrintTicket?
+}

Sources/ICCery/Print/TargetPageCanvasView.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+import AppKit
+
+/// Headless print canvas (#201, docs/14 §6). Never installed in a
+/// window; `NSPrintOperation` is its only client.
+@MainActor
+final class TargetPageCanvasView: NSView {
+
+    private let pages: [TargetPageRaster]
+    private let paperSize: NSSize
+
+    /// Test probe — invoked once per drawn page with the live context
+    /// so the interpolation/antialias contract is assertable without a
+    /// printer.
+    var drawProbe: ((NSGraphicsContext, Int, NSRect) -> Void)?
+
+    init(pages: [TargetPageRaster], paperSize: NSSize) {
+        self.pages = pages
+        self.paperSize = paperSize
+        super.init(frame: NSRect(
+            x: 0, y: 0,
+            width: paperSize.width,
+            height: paperSize.height * CGFloat(pages.count)))
+    }
+
+    @available(*, unavailable)
+    required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
+        fatalError("TargetPageCanvasView is code-only")
+    }
+
+    /// Bottom-up CoreGraphics space: `CGContext.draw(_:in:)` renders
+    /// the raster upright — a flipped view prints mirrored (#211).
+    /// Page 1 is the BOTTOM band of the frame, the non-flipped
+    /// pagination convention.
+    override var isFlipped: Bool { false }
+    override var isOpaque: Bool { true }
+
+    override func knowsPageRange(_ range: NSRangePointer) -> Bool {
+        range.pointee = NSRange(location: 1, length: pages.count)
+        return true
+    }
+
+    /// 1-based page → its paper-sized rect, stacked bottom-up.
+    override func rectForPage(_ page: Int) -> NSRect {
+        NSRect(x: 0,
+               y: CGFloat(page - 1) * paperSize.height,
+               width: paperSize.width,
+               height: paperSize.height)
+    }
+
+    /// Where page `page`'s image lands: top-left anchored inside
+    /// `rectForPage`, sized `raster.pointSize`, origin snapped to
+    /// 0.001 pt (docs/14 §6) so a fractional origin cannot trigger
+    /// device resampling. `internal` for unit tests.
+    func destinationRect(forPage page: Int) -> NSRect {
+        let pageRect = rectForPage(page)
+        let size = pages[page - 1].pointSize
+        return NSRect(x: Self.snap(pageRect.minX),
+                      y: Self.snap(pageRect.maxY - size.height),
+                      width: size.width,
+                      height: size.height)
+    }
+
+    override func draw(_ dirtyRect: NSRect) {
+        guard let ctx = NSGraphicsContext.current else { return }
+        ctx.imageInterpolation = .none
+        ctx.shouldAntialias = false
+        let cg = ctx.cgContext
+        cg.interpolationQuality = .none
+        cg.setShouldAntialias(false)
+        cg.setAllowsAntialiasing(false)
+        cg.setShouldSmoothFonts(false)
+        for index in pages.indices {
+            let pageRect = rectForPage(index + 1)
+            guard pageRect.intersects(dirtyRect) else { continue }
+            cg.saveGState()   // page N never inherits N-1's CTM
+            NSColor.white.setFill()
+            pageRect.fill()
+            cg.draw(pages[index].cgImage,
+                    in: destinationRect(forPage: index + 1))
+            cg.restoreGState()
+            drawProbe?(ctx, index + 1, destinationRect(forPage: index + 1))
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static func snap(_ value: CGFloat) -> CGFloat {
+        (value * 1000).rounded() / 1000
+    }
+}

Sources/ICCery/Print/TargetRaster.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+import CoreGraphics
+import Foundation
+import ICCeryCore
+import ImageIO
+
+/// One decoded target page ready to draw 1:1 (#201, docs/14 §6).
+struct TargetPageRaster: Equatable {
+    let sourceURL: URL
+    /// Re-tagged into a **device** colour space — the image Quartz draws.
+    let cgImage: CGImage
+    let pixelWidth: Int
+    let pixelHeight: Int
+    let dpiX: Double
+    let dpiY: Double
+    let componentCount: Int
+    let bitsPerComponent: Int
+    /// Expected physical size from the printtarg manifest, when known.
+    let expectedWidthMm: Double?
+    let expectedHeightMm: Double?
+
+    /// `pixels / dpi * 72`. The ONLY size the canvas ever draws at.
+    /// 72 pt = 1 in. **Never** `backingScaleFactor` (docs/14 §6).
+    var pointSize: CGSize {
+        CGSize(width: Double(pixelWidth) / dpiX * 72,
+               height: Double(pixelHeight) / dpiY * 72)
+    }
+
+    /// `pixels / dpi * 25.4` — the physical size the DPI implies.
+    var physicalMm: CGSize {
+        CGSize(width: Double(pixelWidth) / dpiX * 25.4,
+               height: Double(pixelHeight) / dpiY * 25.4)
+    }
+
+    /// `nil` when within 0.5 mm of the manifest, else the drift
+    /// message (D9 — warn + spool, never rescale).
+    var manifestDrift: String? {
+        var parts: [String] = []
+        if let expectedWidthMm,
+           abs(physicalMm.width - expectedWidthMm) > 0.5 {
+            parts.append(String(
+                format: "width %.2f mm vs manifest %.2f mm",
+                physicalMm.width, expectedWidthMm))
+        }
+        if let expectedHeightMm,
+           abs(physicalMm.height - expectedHeightMm) > 0.5 {
+            parts.append(String(
+                format: "height %.2f mm vs manifest %.2f mm",
+                physicalMm.height, expectedHeightMm))
+        }
+        guard !parts.isEmpty else { return nil }
+        return "TIFF DPI disagrees with the printtarg manifest — "
+            + parts.joined(separator: "; ")
+    }
+
+    static func == (lhs: TargetPageRaster, rhs: TargetPageRaster) -> Bool {
+        lhs.sourceURL == rhs.sourceURL
+            && lhs.cgImage === rhs.cgImage
+            && lhs.pixelWidth == rhs.pixelWidth
+            && lhs.pixelHeight == rhs.pixelHeight
+            && lhs.dpiX == rhs.dpiX
+            && lhs.dpiY == rhs.dpiY
+            && lhs.componentCount == rhs.componentCount
+            && lhs.bitsPerComponent == rhs.bitsPerComponent
+            && lhs.expectedWidthMm == rhs.expectedWidthMm
+            && lhs.expectedHeightMm == rhs.expectedHeightMm
+    }
+}
+
+enum TargetRasterError: LocalizedError, Equatable {
+    case tiffMissing(String)
+    case undecodable(String)
+    case unsupportedLayout(path: String, components: Int,
+                           bitsPerComponent: Int, hasAlpha: Bool)
+
+    var errorDescription: String? {
+        switch self {
+        case .tiffMissing(let path):
+            return "Target TIFF is missing: \(path)"
+        case .undecodable(let path):
+            return "Target TIFF could not be decoded: \(path)"
+        case .unsupportedLayout(let path, let components,
+                               let bitsPerComponent, let hasAlpha):
+            return "Target TIFF has an unsupported layout "
+                + "(\(components) components, \(bitsPerComponent) bpc"
+                + "\(hasAlpha ? ", alpha" : "")): \(path)"
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+enum TargetRasterLoader {
+    /// Absent DPI metadata defaults to 72 (docs/14 §6) — and logs `warn`.
+    static let fallbackDPI: Double = 72
+
+    static func load(
+        tiff url: URL,
+        expectedWidthMm: Double? = nil,
+        expectedHeightMm: Double? = nil
+    ) throws -> TargetPageRaster {
+        guard FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: url.path) else {
+            throw TargetRasterError.tiffMissing(url.path)
+        }
+        guard let source = CGImageSourceCreateWithURL(url as CFURL, nil)
+        else {
+            throw TargetRasterError.undecodable(url.path)
+        }
+        let options: [CFString: Any] = [
+            kCGImageSourceShouldCache: true,
+            kCGImageSourceShouldAllowFloat: false,
+        ]
+        guard let image = CGImageSourceCreateImageAtIndex(
+            source, 0, options as CFDictionary)
+        else {
+            throw TargetRasterError.undecodable(url.path)
+        }
+
+        // DPI lives in the container metadata, not the CGImage.
+        var dpiX = fallbackDPI
+        var dpiY = fallbackDPI
+        var foundX = false
+        var foundY = false
+        if let properties = CGImageSourceCopyPropertiesAtIndex(
+            source, 0, nil) as? [CFString: Any] {
+            if let x = (properties[kCGImagePropertyDPIWidth]
+                        as? NSNumber)?.doubleValue, x > 0 {
+                dpiX = x
+                foundX = true
+            }
+            if let y = (properties[kCGImagePropertyDPIHeight]
+                        as? NSNumber)?.doubleValue, y > 0 {
+                dpiY = y
+                foundY = true
+            }
+        }
+        if !foundX || !foundY {
+            AppLogger.shared.warn(
+                "TargetRaster: '\(url.lastPathComponent)' carries no "
+                    + "usable DPI metadata — assuming \(fallbackDPI) dpi")
+        }
+
+        let components = image.colorSpace?.numberOfComponents ?? 0
+        guard !Self.hasRealAlpha(image), let tagged = deviceTagged(image)
+        else {
+            throw TargetRasterError.unsupportedLayout(
+                path: url.path,
+                components: components,
+                bitsPerComponent: image.bitsPerComponent,
+                hasAlpha: Self.hasRealAlpha(image))
+        }
+
+        return TargetPageRaster(
+            sourceURL: url,
+            cgImage: tagged,
+            pixelWidth: image.width,
+            pixelHeight: image.height,
+            dpiX: dpiX,
+            dpiY: dpiY,
+            componentCount: components,
+            bitsPerComponent: image.bitsPerComponent,
+            expectedWidthMm: expectedWidthMm,
+            expectedHeightMm: expectedHeightMm)
+    }
+
+    /// Re-tag into `DeviceGray` (1 comp) / `DeviceRGB` (3) /
+    /// `DeviceCMYK` (4) by reusing the decoded image's own
+    /// `dataProvider`, `bitsPerComponent`, `bitsPerPixel`, `bytesPerRow`
+    /// and `bitmapInfo` — **no resample, no bit-depth change, no
+    /// `CGImageCreateCopyWithColorSpace` into a calibrated space**
+    /// (docs/14 §6.3). `shouldInterpolate: false`,
+    /// `intent: .defaultIntent`.
+    ///
+    /// Returns `nil` (caller throws `.unsupportedLayout`) for alpha,
+    /// indexed, float, or >4-component images — a profiling target
+    /// never has those, and guessing would corrupt patches.
+    static func deviceTagged(_ image: CGImage) -> CGImage? {
+        guard !hasRealAlpha(image),
+              !image.bitmapInfo.contains(.floatComponents),
+              let colorSpace = image.colorSpace,
+              colorSpace.model != .indexed,
+              colorSpace.model != .pattern,
+              let space = deviceSpace(for: colorSpace.numberOfComponents),
+              let provider = image.dataProvider
+        else { return nil }
+        return CGImage(
+            width: image.width,
+            height: image.height,
+            bitsPerComponent: image.bitsPerComponent,
+            bitsPerPixel: image.bitsPerPixel,
+            bytesPerRow: image.bytesPerRow,
+            space: space,
+            bitmapInfo: image.bitmapInfo,
+            provider: provider,
+            decode: image.decode,
+            shouldInterpolate: false,
+            intent: .defaultIntent)
+    }
+
+    /// Skip-only padding (`noneSkipLast`/`noneSkipFirst`) is **not**
+    /// alpha — ImageIO pads opaque RGB TIFFs to 32 bpp that way, so
+    /// accepting it is required for real printtarg files. True coverage
+    /// alpha (`last`/`first`/`premultiplied*`/`only`) is rejected.
+    static func hasRealAlpha(_ image: CGImage) -> Bool {
+        switch image.alphaInfo {
+        case .none, .noneSkipLast, .noneSkipFirst:
+            return false
+        default:
+            return true
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The device colour space for a component count — `nil` for
+    /// layouts a profiling target can never legally be (2 channels,
+    /// DeviceN, >4 components).
+    static func deviceSpace(for componentCount: Int) -> CGColorSpace? {
+        switch componentCount {
+        case 1: return CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceGray()
+        case 3: return CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB()
+        case 4: return CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceCMYK()
+        default: return nil
+        }
+    }
+}

Sources/ICCery/Print/TicketWriteResolver.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+import Foundation
+import ICCeryCore
+
+/// Stage 2 inline overrides applied on top of a rehydrated ticket
+/// (#201 AC3 / D6 — Stage 2 always wins).
+struct TargetPrintOverrides: Equatable {
+    var paperSize: String?      // CUPS `PageSize` token or `Custom.<w>x<h>`
+    var mediaType: String?
+    var qualityKey: String?     // PrinterCapabilities.qualityKey
+    var quality: String?
+    var orientation: String?    // "portrait" | "landscape"
+}
+
+/// One resolved ticket write.
+struct TicketWrite: Equatable {
+    let key: String
+    let value: String
+    let locked: Bool
+}
+
+/// The fully-resolved write list for one job — a **pure value**,
+/// computed with zero Core Printing calls so it is unit- and
+/// UI-testable without a live queue. Replaces the old `lp` argv
+/// builder (#201 D4/D8).
+struct ResolvedTicketWrites: Equatable {
+    var writes: [TicketWrite]
+    var paperToken: String?
+    var orientation: String?
+}
+
+enum TicketWriteResolver {
+
+    /// Quartz vocabulary constants (docs/14 §7) live on
+    /// `ColorMatchingAttempts` next to the AP_* half — written
+    /// alongside because there is no `lp` path left (D2).
+    ///
+    /// Order is locked and is the contract the tests assert:
+    ///  1 `AP_ColorMatchingMode`          = AP_ApplicationColorMatching  (locked)
+    ///  2 `AP.ColorMatchingMode`          = AP_ApplicationColorMatching  (locked)
+    ///  3 `PMColorMatchingMode`           = APCustomColorMatching        (locked)
+    ///  4 `PMCustomColorMatchingProfile`  = ""                           (unlocked)
+    ///  5 `com.apple.print.PrintSettings.PMColorMatchingMode`
+    ///                                    = APCustomColorMatching        (unlocked)
+    ///  6 `PageSize`                      = overrides.paperSize
+    ///  7 detectMediaTypeKey(optionKeys)  = overrides.mediaType
+    ///  8 overrides.qualityKey            = overrides.quality
+    ///  9 detectDriverColorBypass(optionKeys)                            (unlocked)
+    /// 10 `orientation-requested`         = 3 | 4
+    ///
+    /// Invariants: `raw` can never appear (there is no `lp`); nothing
+    /// is suppressed because a captured key already exists (D6 — the
+    /// ticket carries the captured keys and Stage 2 writes land on
+    /// top unconditionally); an override with a `nil` value emits no
+    /// write.
+    static func resolve(
+        overrides: TargetPrintOverrides,
+        optionKeys: Set<String>
+    ) -> ResolvedTicketWrites {
+        var writes: [TicketWrite] = []
+
+        // 1–2 — locked AP_* pair (layer ③).
+        for key in ColorMatchingAttempts.printSettingsKeys {
+            writes.append(TicketWrite(
+                key: key,
+                value: ColorMatchingAttempts.applicationMatchingValue,
+                locked: true))
+        }
+        // 3–5 — Quartz/`NSPrintOperation` vocabulary (D2).
+        writes.append(TicketWrite(
+            key: ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzModeKey,
+            value: ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzCustomMatching,
+            locked: true))
+        writes.append(TicketWrite(
+            key: ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzProfileKey,
+            value: "",
+            locked: false))
+        writes.append(TicketWrite(
+            key: ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzLegacyModeKey,
+            value: ColorMatchingAttempts.quartzCustomMatching,
+            locked: false))
+
+        // 6 — the Stage 2 paper token.
+        var paperToken: String?
+        if let paperSize = overrides.paperSize, !paperSize.isEmpty {
+            paperToken = paperSize
+            writes.append(TicketWrite(
+                key: "PageSize", value: paperSize, locked: false))
+        }
+
+        // 7 — media type via the queue's detected vendor key.
+        if let mediaType = overrides.mediaType,
+           let mediaKey = CupsParsers.detectMediaTypeKey(
+               optionKeys: optionKeys) {
+            writes.append(TicketWrite(
+                key: mediaKey, value: mediaType, locked: false))
+        }
+
+        // 8 — print quality; the detected enumeration key travels in
+        // the overrides (`PrinterCapabilities.qualityKey`, #183).
+        if let qualityKey = overrides.qualityKey,
+           let quality = overrides.quality {
+            writes.append(TicketWrite(
+                key: qualityKey, value: quality, locked: false))
+        }
+
+        // 9 — driver "no colour adjustment" bypass. Never gated on
+        // `ppdUncorrectedPassthrough` — macOS always bypasses.
+        if let bypass = CupsParsers.detectDriverColorBypass(
+            optionKeys: optionKeys) {
+            writes.append(TicketWrite(
+                key: bypass.key, value: bypass.value, locked: false))
+        }
+
+        // 10 — orientation, CUPS IPP codes portrait=3 / landscape=4.
+        if let orientation = overrides.orientation {
+            writes.append(TicketWrite(
+                key: "orientation-requested",
+                value: orientation == "landscape" ? "4" : "3",
+                locked: false))
+        }
+
+        return ResolvedTicketWrites(
+            writes: writes.filter { $0.key.lowercased() != "raw" },
+            paperToken: paperToken,
+            orientation: overrides.orientation)
+    }
+}

Sources/ICCery/Stage2View.swift

@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ struct Stage2View: View {
         }
     }
 
-    // MARK: - Raw print panel (#rawPrintPanel) — unmanaged lp path
+    // MARK: - Raw print panel (#rawPrintPanel) — native spool path (#201)
 
     private var printPanel: some View {
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 10) {
@@ -266,6 +266,18 @@ struct Stage2View: View {
                         .background(Theme.background)
                         .clipShape(Capsule())
                         .accessibilityIdentifier("printerStatusBadge")
+                    // AirPrint queues colour-manage the URF path —
+                    // unmanaged colour cannot be guaranteed (#202).
+                    if selected.isAirPrint {
+                        Text("AirPrint queue — unmanaged colour "
+                             + "cannot be guaranteed.")
+                            .font(.caption)
+                            .foregroundStyle(.orange)
+                            .padding(.horizontal, 8).padding(.vertical, 3)
+                            .background(Color.orange.opacity(0.12))
+                            .clipShape(Capsule())
+                            .accessibilityIdentifier("airPrintWarningBadge")
+                    }
                 }
                 Button(action: workflow.print.refreshPrinters) {
                     Image(systemName: "arrow.clockwise")
@@ -325,6 +337,27 @@ struct Stage2View: View {
             // Stage 1 owns the custom dimensions — the caption lives
             // inside `paperSizeGroup` (#183).
 
+            printAllRow
+        }
+        .padding(12)
+        .background(Theme.panel)
+        .clipShape(RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: Theme.Metrics.cornerMedium))
+        .accessibilityElement(children: .contain)
+        .accessibilityIdentifier("rawPrintPanel")
+        .onAppear { schedulePrinterRefresh() }
+        .onChange(of: workflow.printtargResult?.pages.count) { _ in
+            schedulePrinterRefresh()
+        }
+        // Editable picker that re-mirrors Stage 1's pageSize (#183 E4).
+        .onChange(of: workflow.pageSize) { _ in
+            workflow.print.seedPaperSelection()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Print All + single-job granularity (#201 D5) + advance.
+    /// Extracted so every ViewBuilder body stays ≤10 children (R13 —
+    /// Xcode 14.2 has no `buildPartialBlock`).
+    private var printAllRow: some View {
         HStack(spacing: 8) {
             Button(action: {
                 if let result = workflow.printtargResult {
@@ -339,6 +372,11 @@ struct Stage2View: View {
                       || workflow.printtargResult == nil
                       || workflow.print.selectedPrinter.isEmpty)
             .accessibilityIdentifier("btnPrintAll")
+            Toggle("Single spool job",
+                   isOn: $workflow.print.singleJobForAllPages)
+                .help("Send all pages as one print job instead of "
+                      + "one job per page")
+                .accessibilityIdentifier("chkSingleSpoolJob")
             Spacer()
             Button("Advance to Stage 3") { workflow.advanceToStage3() }
                 .accessibilityIdentifier("btnAdvanceToStage3")
@@ -346,20 +384,6 @@ struct Stage2View: View {
                           || !workflow.wizard.isUnlocked(.measure))
         }
     }
-        .padding(12)
-        .background(Theme.panel)
-        .clipShape(RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: Theme.Metrics.cornerMedium))
-        .accessibilityElement(children: .contain)
-        .accessibilityIdentifier("rawPrintPanel")
-        .onAppear { schedulePrinterRefresh() }
-        .onChange(of: workflow.printtargResult?.pages.count) { _ in
-            schedulePrinterRefresh()
-        }
-        // Editable picker that re-mirrors Stage 1's pageSize (#183 E4).
-        .onChange(of: workflow.pageSize) { _ in
-            workflow.print.seedPaperSelection()
-        }
-    }
 
     /// Paper picker + custom-size caption under the `paperSizeGroup`
     /// container (#183). `caps.paperSizes` plus the synthetic custom

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/CupsOptionsFilterTests.swift

@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ final class CupsOptionsFilterTests: XCTestCase {
     }
 
     /// #180 — a captured `EPIJ_Qual` (and the other canonical quality
-    /// keys) survives the filter so it wins over the Stage 2 explicit
-    /// quality in `LpArgs`.
+    /// keys) survives the filter so it reaches the Stage 2 mirror.
     func testKeepsQualityKeys() {
         let raw = "EPIJ_Qual=304 CNIJPrintQuality=3 PrintQuality=2 "
             + "cupsPrintQuality=High Quality=Best "

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/CupsParserTests.swift

@@ -232,6 +232,42 @@ final class CupsParserTests: XCTestCase {
             fromOptionsString: "PageSize=A4"))
     }
 
+    // MARK: - #186 capture-return
+
+    /// A captured `k=v` string maps to all four `PrintOptions`
+    /// fields — `PageSize`, the detected quality key,
+    /// `orientation-requested`, and a vendor media key (#186).
+    func testCapturedStringMapsAllFields() {
+        let captured =
+            "PageSize=A4 EPIJ_Qual=305 orientation-requested=4 CNIJMediaType=Photo"
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractOption(
+            named: "PageSize", fromOptionsString: captured), "A4")
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractQuality(
+            fromOptionsString: captured), "305")
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractOrientation(
+            fromOptionsString: captured), "landscape")
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractMediaType(
+            fromOptionsString: captured), "Photo")
+    }
+
+    /// Vendor media keys beyond `MediaType`/`EPIJ_Medi` extract via
+    /// the detection roster — `CNIJMediaType`/`StpMediaType` included
+    /// (#186). `MediaType` still wins when present alongside them.
+    func testExtractMediaTypeRosterFallback() {
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractMediaType(
+            fromOptionsString: "CNIJMediaType=PhotoPlus"), "PhotoPlus")
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractMediaType(
+            fromOptionsString: "StpMediaType=Glossy"), "Glossy")
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractMediaType(
+            fromOptionsString: "EPIJ_Medi=Photo"), "Photo")
+        // `MediaType` keeps first precedence (docs/11 §tests).
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.extractMediaType(
+            fromOptionsString: "CNIJMediaType=PhotoPlus MediaType=Plain"),
+            "Plain")
+        XCTAssertNil(CupsParsers.extractMediaType(
+            fromOptionsString: "PageSize=A4"))
+    }
+
     func testDriverBypass() {
         func pair(_ keys: Set<String>) -> String? {
             CupsParsers.detectDriverColorBypass(optionKeys: keys)
@@ -246,4 +282,348 @@ final class CupsParserTests: XCTestCase {
         XCTAssertEqual(pair(["EpsonColorMode"]), "EpsonColorMode=Off")
         XCTAssertNil(pair(["PageSize"]))
     }
+
+    // MARK: - #181 Canon media locale precedence + PPD encoding
+
+    /// The 18 Canon Pro9500 media types named in the issue — the ids
+    /// are the numeric codes the driver enumerates via `lpoptions -l`.
+    private let canonMedia: [(id: String, label: String)] = [
+        ("0", "Plain Paper"),
+        ("1", "Photo Paper Plus Glossy II"),
+        ("2", "Photo Paper Pro Platinum N"),
+        ("3", "Photo Paper Pro Platinum"),
+        ("4", "Photo Paper Pro Luster"),
+        ("5", "Photo Paper Plus Semi-gloss"),
+        ("6", "Matte Photo Paper"),
+        ("7", "Fine Art \"Photo Rag\""),
+        ("8", "Fine Art \"Museum Etching\""),
+        ("9", "Photo Paper Pro Premium Matte"),
+        ("10", "Fine Art Premium Matte"),
+        ("11", "Other Fine Art Paper"),
+        ("12", "Canvas"),
+        ("13", "Board Paper"),
+        ("14", "Ink Jet Hagaki"),
+        ("15", "Hagaki"),
+        ("16", "Printable disc"),
+        ("17", "Printable disc (bleed-proof)"),
+    ]
+
+    /// Canon Pro9500-shaped fragment: the unqualified base block comes
+    /// early and the `th.` block trails at the end — the ordering that
+    /// let Thai overwrite English under last-write-wins (#181).
+    private var canonPPD: String {
+        var lines = [
+            "*OpenUI *CNIJMediaType/Media Type: PickOne",
+            "*DefaultCNIJMediaType: 0",
+        ]
+        for media in canonMedia {
+            lines.append(
+                "*CNIJMediaType \(media.id)/\(media.label): \"\"")
+        }
+        lines.append("*CloseUI: *CNIJMediaType")
+        for media in canonMedia {
+            lines.append(
+                "*th.CNIJMediaType \(media.id)/กระดาษ\(media.id): \"\"")
+        }
+        return lines.joined(separator: "\n")
+    }
+
+    func testPpdLabelsUnqualifiedSurvivesTrailingThai() {
+        let labels = CupsParsers.ppdChoiceLabels(
+            canonPPD, key: "CNIJMediaType")
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["0"], "Plain Paper")
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["17"], "Printable disc (bleed-proof)")
+    }
+
+    func testPpdLabelsUnqualifiedWinsRegardlessOfOrder() {
+        // `th.` block first — precedence is deterministic, not
+        // positional (#181, E3).
+        let ppd = """
+            *th.CNIJMediaType 0/กระดาษธรรมดา: ""
+            *CNIJMediaType 0/Plain Paper: ""
+            """
+        let labels = CupsParsers.ppdChoiceLabels(ppd, key: "CNIJMediaType")
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["0"], "Plain Paper")
+    }
+
+    func testPpdLabelsQualifiedFallbackOrder() {
+        // en_US > en > first-qualified-seen (#181, E3).
+        let ppd = """
+            *en.CNIJMediaType 1/English Label: ""
+            *en_US.CNIJMediaType 1/US English Label: ""
+            *th.CNIJMediaType 1/กระดาษ: ""
+            *fr.CNIJMediaType 2/Français: ""
+            *de.CNIJMediaType 2/Deutsch: ""
+            """
+        let labels = CupsParsers.ppdChoiceLabels(ppd, key: "CNIJMediaType")
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["1"], "US English Label")
+        // A qualified-only id still gets its first-seen qualified
+        // label — never left unlabeled (R9).
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["2"], "Français")
+    }
+
+    func testPpdLabelsHexEscapeDecoding() {
+        let ppd = """
+            *CNIJMediaType 3/Photo Paper Plus Glossy<2F>Matte: ""
+            *CNIJMediaType 4/Plain<20>Paper: ""
+            *CNIJMediaType 5/Bad<ZZ>Escape: ""
+            """
+        let labels = CupsParsers.ppdChoiceLabels(ppd, key: "CNIJMediaType")
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["3"], "Photo Paper Plus Glossy/Matte")
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["4"], "Plain Paper")
+        XCTAssertEqual(labels["5"], "Bad<ZZ>Escape")
+    }
+
+    /// Every `CNIJMediaType` choice enumerated by `lpoptions -l` gets a
+    /// non-Thai label (E1 — the true count is the hardware gate's, so
+    /// no count is hardcoded here); the 18 named AC labels are
+    /// spot-checked.
+    func testCapabilitiesCanonMediaAllNonThai() {
+        var choices = canonMedia.map(\.id)
+        choices[0] = "*\(choices[0])"
+        let listings = CupsParsers.lpoptionsList(
+            "CNIJMediaType/Media Type: \(choices.joined(separator: " "))\n")
+        let caps = CupsService().capabilities(from: listings, ppd: canonPPD)
+
+        XCTAssertEqual(caps.mediaTypes.count, canonMedia.count)
+        for type in caps.mediaTypes {
+            XCTAssertFalse(type.name.unicodeScalars.contains {
+                (0x0E00...0x0E7F).contains($0.value)
+            }, "Thai label leaked into \(type.id): \(type.name)")
+        }
+        for media in canonMedia {
+            XCTAssertEqual(
+                caps.mediaTypes.first { $0.id == media.id }?.name,
+                media.label)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// UTF-8 PPD carrying Thai labels decodes intact — the English
+    /// base block wins precedence and no mojibake leaks through (#181,
+    /// R10). Exercises `loadPPD` through `capabilities(for:)`.
+    func testLoadPPDUtf8ThaiSurvivesDecode() async throws {
+        let (service, root) = try makeCupsService(
+            ppdData: Data(canonPPD.utf8),
+            listing: "CNIJMediaType/Media Type: *0 1")
+        defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+        let caps = try await service.capabilities(for: "Canon_Test")
+        XCTAssertEqual(caps.mediaTypes.map(\.name),
+            ["Plain Paper", "Photo Paper Plus Glossy II"])
+    }
+
+    /// A PPD that is not valid UTF-8 (lone `0xE9` for `é`) falls back
+    /// to ISO-Latin-1 instead of yielding nil → raw ids (#181, R10).
+    func testLoadPPDLatin1Fallback() async throws {
+        let ppd = "*CNIJMediaType 0/Papier Couché: \"\"\n"
+        let (service, root) = try makeCupsService(
+            ppdData: ppd.data(using: .isoLatin1)!,
+            listing: "CNIJMediaType/Media Type: *0")
+        defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+
+        let caps = try await service.capabilities(for: "Canon_Test")
+        XCTAssertEqual(caps.mediaTypes,
+            [PrinterMediaType(id: "0", name: "Papier Couché")])
+    }
+
+    /// Fixture `lpoptions` + `ppdDir` so `capabilities(for:)` reaches
+    /// the private `loadPPD` — same mock style as
+    /// `MediaLibraryViewModelTests.installMockCups`.
+    private func makeCupsService(
+        ppdData: Data,
+        listing: String,
+        queue: String = "Canon_Test"
+    ) throws -> (CupsService, URL) {
+        let root = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+            .appendingPathComponent("iccery-ppd-\(UUID().uuidString)")
+        let bin = root.appendingPathComponent("bin")
+        let ppdDir = root.appendingPathComponent("ppd")
+        for dir in [bin, ppdDir] {
+            try FileManager.default.createDirectory(
+                at: dir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+        }
+        let lpoptions = """
+            #!/bin/sh
+            printf '%s\\n' '\(listing)'
+            """
+        let scriptURL = bin.appendingPathComponent("lpoptions")
+        try lpoptions.write(to: scriptURL, atomically: true, encoding: .utf8)
+        try FileManager.default.setAttributes(
+            [.posixPermissions: 0o755], ofItemAtPath: scriptURL.path)
+        try ppdData.write(to: ppdDir.appendingPathComponent("\(queue).ppd"))
+        return (CupsService(
+            processManager: ProcessManager(),
+            binaryDir: bin, ppdDir: ppdDir), root)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - #202 AirPrint detection
+
+    /// `lpstat -v` — `device for <name>: <uri>` lines; a `network`
+    /// remote stub carries no URI and is skipped.
+    private let lpstatV = """
+        device for Canon_Pro9500_II_series_XPS: usb://Canon/PRO-9500%20II%20series?serial=1234AB
+        device for Epson_XP_55_LPD: lpd://192.168.1.50/queue
+        device for EPSON_XP_55_Series: ipp://EPSON%20XP-55%20Series._universal._sub._ipp._tcp.local./
+        device for Office_IPPS: ipps://print.example.com/ipp/print
+        network Remote_Queue
+        """
+
+    func testLpstatDeviceURIs() {
+        let uris = CupsParsers.lpstatDeviceURIs(output: lpstatV)
+        XCTAssertEqual(uris.count, 4)
+        XCTAssertEqual(uris["Canon_Pro9500_II_series_XPS"],
+            "usb://Canon/PRO-9500%20II%20series?serial=1234AB")
+        XCTAssertEqual(uris["Epson_XP_55_LPD"], "lpd://192.168.1.50/queue")
+        XCTAssertEqual(uris["EPSON_XP_55_Series"],
+            "ipp://EPSON%20XP-55%20Series._universal._sub._ipp._tcp.local./")
+        XCTAssertEqual(uris["Office_IPPS"],
+            "ipps://print.example.com/ipp/print")
+        XCTAssertNil(uris["Remote_Queue"])
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.lpstatDeviceURIs(output: ""), [:])
+    }
+
+    func testLpoptionsMakeAndModel() {
+        XCTAssertEqual(CupsParsers.lpoptionsMakeAndModel(
+            output: lpoptionsP), "EPSON EPSON XP-55 Series")
+        XCTAssertNil(CupsParsers.lpoptionsMakeAndModel(
+            output: "printer-type=42\n"))
+    }
+
+    /// Rule 1 — an `apple-airprint://` device URI is AirPrint on its
+    /// own; PPD and make-and-model are irrelevant.
+    func testAirPrintRuleAppleAirPrintScheme() {
+        XCTAssertTrue(CupsParsers.detectAirPrint(
+            deviceURI: "apple-airprint://DeskJet._ipps._tcp.local./",
+            makeAndModel: nil, ppd: ""))
+    }
+
+    /// Rule 2 — the PPD declares `*APAirPrint: True`.
+    func testAirPrintRulePPDFlag() {
+        let ppd = """
+            *PPD-Adobe: "4.3"
+            *APAirPrint: True
+            *OpenUI *PageSize/Media Size: PickOne
+            """
+        XCTAssertTrue(CupsParsers.detectAirPrint(
+            deviceURI: "socket://10.0.0.9/", makeAndModel: nil, ppd: ppd))
+    }
+
+    /// Rule 3 — make-and-model contains "Apple" and "AirPrint".
+    func testAirPrintRuleMakeAndModel() {
+        XCTAssertTrue(CupsParsers.detectAirPrint(
+            deviceURI: "socket://10.0.0.9/",
+            makeAndModel: "Apple AirPrint", ppd: ""))
+        // Both tokens are required.
+        XCTAssertFalse(CupsParsers.detectAirPrint(
+            deviceURI: "socket://10.0.0.9/",
+            makeAndModel: "Apple LaserWriter", ppd: ""))
+        XCTAssertFalse(CupsParsers.detectAirPrint(
+            deviceURI: "socket://10.0.0.9/",
+            makeAndModel: "HP AirPrint-Ready", ppd: ""))
+    }
+
+    /// Rule 4 — `ipps://` URI **and** the PPD text mentions "airprint"
+    /// case-insensitively. `ipps://` alone is not enough.
+    func testAirPrintRuleIPPSWithPPDMention() {
+        XCTAssertTrue(CupsParsers.detectAirPrint(
+            deviceURI: "ipps://print.example.com/ipp/print",
+            makeAndModel: nil,
+            ppd: "*Foo: \"AIRPRINT enabled\"\n"))
+        XCTAssertFalse(CupsParsers.detectAirPrint(
+            deviceURI: "ipps://print.example.com/ipp/print",
+            makeAndModel: nil, ppd: "*PPD-Adobe: \"4.3\"\n"))
+        // An unencrypted ipp:// URI does not satisfy rule 4.
+        XCTAssertFalse(CupsParsers.detectAirPrint(
+            deviceURI: "ipp://print.example.com/ipp/print",
+            makeAndModel: nil,
+            ppd: "*Foo: \"airprint enabled\"\n"))
+    }
+
+    /// Rule 5 — unencrypted `ipp://` resolved via the AirPrint mDNS
+    /// subtype `_universal._sub._ipp._tcp`. A plain `ipp://` mDNS name
+    /// without the subtype is not AirPrint.
+    func testAirPrintRuleMDNSSubtype() {
+        XCTAssertTrue(CupsParsers.detectAirPrint(
+            deviceURI: "ipp://EPSON%20XP-55._universal._sub._ipp._tcp.local./",
+            makeAndModel: nil, ppd: ""))
+        XCTAssertFalse(CupsParsers.detectAirPrint(
+            deviceURI: "ipp://EPSON%20XP-55._ipp._tcp.local./",
+            makeAndModel: nil, ppd: ""))
+    }
+
+    /// Rule 6 — a `*cupsFilter2` rule whose destination MIME is
+    /// `image/urf` (the AirPrint-only raster). A PWG-raster filter is
+    /// not AirPrint.
+    func testAirPrintRuleCupsFilter2URF() {
+        let ppd = """
+            *cupsFilter2: "application/pdf image/urf 0 -"
+            *cupsFilter2: "image/urf image/urf 100 -"
+            """
+        XCTAssertTrue(CupsParsers.detectAirPrint(
+            deviceURI: nil, makeAndModel: nil, ppd: ppd))
+        XCTAssertFalse(CupsParsers.detectAirPrint(
+            deviceURI: nil, makeAndModel: nil,
+            ppd: "*cupsFilter2: \"application/pdf image/pwg-raster 0 -\"\n"))
+    }
+
+    /// Negative — a standard USB raster-driver queue (Epson XP-55)
+    /// matches none of the six rules.
+    func testAirPrintNegativeUSBRaster() {
+        let ppd = """
+            *PPD-Adobe: "4.3"
+            *EPIJ_Qual 303/Normal: ""
+            *cupsFilter: "application/vnd.cups-raster 0 rastertoepson"
+            """
+        XCTAssertFalse(CupsParsers.detectAirPrint(
+            deviceURI: "usb://EPSON/XP-55%20Series?serial=ABC123",
+            makeAndModel: "EPSON XP-55 Series", ppd: ppd))
+    }
+
+    /// `listPrinters` survives a failing `lpstat -v` — the failure is
+    /// tolerated, enumeration proceeds, every queue reports
+    /// `isAirPrint == false`, and there is **no** fallback respawn
+    /// (exactly one `-v` invocation, #202).
+    func testListPrintersToleratesLpstatVFailure() async throws {
+        let root = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+            .appendingPathComponent("iccery-airprint-\(UUID().uuidString)")
+        let bin = root.appendingPathComponent("bin")
+        try FileManager.default.createDirectory(
+            at: bin, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+        defer { try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: root) }
+        let log = root.appendingPathComponent("lpstat.log")
+
+        let lpstat = """
+            #!/bin/sh
+            printf '%s\\n' "$1" >> '\(log.path)'
+            case "$1" in
+              -e) printf 'Mock_Epson\\n' ;;
+              -p) printf 'printer Mock_Epson is idle.\\n' ;;
+              -d) printf 'no system default destination\\n' ;;
+              -v) exit 1 ;;
+            esac
+            exit 0
+            """
+        let lpoptions = """
+            #!/bin/sh
+            printf "printer-info='Mock'\\n"
+            """
+        for (name, body) in [("lpstat", lpstat), ("lpoptions", lpoptions)] {
+            let url = bin.appendingPathComponent(name)
+            try body.write(to: url, atomically: true, encoding: .utf8)
+            try FileManager.default.setAttributes(
+                [.posixPermissions: 0o755], ofItemAtPath: url.path)
+        }
+
+        let service = CupsService(
+            processManager: ProcessManager(), binaryDir: bin,
+            ppdDir: root.appendingPathComponent("ppd"))
+        let printers = try await service.listPrinters()
+        XCTAssertEqual(printers.map(\.name), ["Mock_Epson"])
+        XCTAssertFalse(printers[0].isAirPrint)
+
+        let calls = ((try? String(contentsOf: log, encoding: .utf8)) ?? "")
+            .split(separator: "\n")
+        XCTAssertEqual(calls.filter { $0 == "-v" }.count, 1,
+            "lpstat -v must be spawned exactly once: \(calls)")
+    }
 }

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/LpArgsTests.swift

@@ -1,173 +0,0 @@
-import XCTest
-import Foundation
-@testable import ICCeryCore
-
-/// Issue 15 — `lp` argv goldens (docs/11 `build_lp_args`).
-/// `-d`/`options`/`-t` handling is in `CupsService`; these tests cover
-/// flag order, captured-option precedence, and sanitisation.
-final class LpArgsTests: XCTestCase {
-
-    private let tiff = "/tmp/work/target_001.tif"
-    private let queue = "EPSON_XP_55_Series"
-
-    private func build(
-        options: PrintOptions = PrintOptions(),
-        optionKeys: Set<String> = []
-    ) throws -> [String] {
-        try LpArgs.build(
-            queue: queue, tiffPath: tiff,
-            options: options, optionKeys: optionKeys)
-    }
-
-    func testHeader() throws {
-        let argv = try build()
-        XCTAssertEqual(Array(argv[0...1]), ["-d", queue])
-        XCTAssertEqual(Array(argv[2...3]), ["-t", "ICCery Target - target_001.tif"])
-        XCTAssertEqual(Array(argv[4...5]), ["-o", "AP_ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching"])
-        XCTAssertEqual(Array(argv[6...7]), ["-o", "AP.ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching"])
-        XCTAssertEqual(argv.last, tiff)
-        XCTAssertFalse(argv.contains { $0 == "raw" || $0 == "-o raw" })
-    }
-
-    func testNeverRaw() throws {
-        let argv = try build(options: PrintOptions(
-            cupsOptions: "raw=true MediaType=Photo"))
-        for (i, arg) in argv.enumerated() where arg == "-o" {
-            XCTAssertNotEqual(argv[i + 1], "raw")
-            XCTAssertNotEqual(argv[i + 1], "raw=true")
-        }
-        XCTAssertFalse(argv.contains { $0.hasPrefix("raw=") })
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("MediaType=Photo"))
-    }
-
-    func testCapturedReplay() throws {
-        let argv = try build(options: PrintOptions(
-            cupsOptions: "InputSlot=Rear MediaType=Photo"))
-        let rear = argv.firstIndex(of: "InputSlot=Rear")!
-        let apFirst = argv.firstIndex(of:
-            "AP_ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching")!
-        XCTAssertTrue(rear > apFirst)
-    }
-
-    func testCapturedWinsMedia() throws {
-        let argv = try build(
-            options: PrintOptions(
-                mediaType: "Plain",
-                cupsOptions: "MediaType=Glossy"),
-            optionKeys: ["MediaType"])
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("MediaType=Glossy"))
-        XCTAssertFalse(argv.contains("MediaType=Plain"))
-    }
-
-    func testMediaDerived() throws {
-        let argv = try build(
-            options: PrintOptions(mediaType: "SemiGloss"),
-            optionKeys: ["CNIJMediaType", "MediaType"])
-        // CNIJMediaType wins over MediaType in detection order.
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("CNIJMediaType=SemiGloss"))
-        XCTAssertFalse(argv.contains("MediaType=SemiGloss"))
-    }
-
-    func testBypassRules() throws {
-        let withBypass = try build(
-            optionKeys: ["EPIJ_CMat"])
-        XCTAssertTrue(withBypass.contains("EPIJ_CMat=3"))
-
-        let captured = try build(
-            options: PrintOptions(cupsOptions: "EPIJ_CMat=1"),
-            optionKeys: ["EPIJ_CMat"])
-        // Captured value kept, detection not re-applied.
-        XCTAssertEqual(captured.filter { $0.hasPrefix("EPIJ_CMat") }, ["EPIJ_CMat=1"])
-    }
-
-    func testOrientation() throws {
-        XCTAssertTrue(try build(options: PrintOptions(orientation: "portrait"))
-            .contains("orientation-requested=3"))
-        XCTAssertTrue(try build(options: PrintOptions(orientation: "landscape"))
-            .contains("orientation-requested=4"))
-        let capturedOrients = try build(options: PrintOptions(
-            orientation: "landscape",
-            cupsOptions: "orientation-requested=5"))
-        XCTAssertFalse(capturedOrients.contains("orientation-requested=4"))
-        XCTAssertTrue(capturedOrients.contains("orientation-requested=5"))
-    }
-
-    func testPageSize() throws {
-        XCTAssertTrue(try build(options: PrintOptions(paperSize: "A4"))
-            .contains("PageSize=A4"))
-        let capturedSize = try build(options: PrintOptions(
-            paperSize: "A4", cupsOptions: "PageSize=Letter"))
-        XCTAssertFalse(capturedSize.contains("PageSize=A4"))
-        XCTAssertTrue(capturedSize.contains("PageSize=Letter"))
-    }
-
-    // MARK: - #183 print quality
-
-    func testQualityDerived() throws {
-        let argv = try build(
-            options: PrintOptions(
-                orientation: "portrait", mediaType: "Photo", quality: "305"),
-            optionKeys: ["EPIJ_Qual", "MediaType"])
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("EPIJ_Qual=305"))
-        // Emit order: after the media option, before orientation.
-        let media = argv.firstIndex(of: "MediaType=Photo")!
-        let quality = argv.firstIndex(of: "EPIJ_Qual=305")!
-        let orient = argv.firstIndex(of: "orientation-requested=3")!
-        XCTAssertTrue(media < quality && quality < orient)
-    }
-
-    func testQualityDetectedKey() throws {
-        // The detected queue key is used, not a hardcoded one.
-        let argv = try build(
-            options: PrintOptions(quality: "High"),
-            optionKeys: ["cupsPrintQuality"])
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("cupsPrintQuality=High"))
-    }
-
-    func testCapturedWinsQuality() throws {
-        let argv = try build(
-            options: PrintOptions(
-                quality: "303",
-                cupsOptions: "EPIJ_Qual=308"),
-            optionKeys: ["EPIJ_Qual"])
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("EPIJ_Qual=308"))
-        XCTAssertFalse(argv.contains("EPIJ_Qual=303"))
-    }
-
-    func testCapturedQualityCaseInsensitiveDedup() throws {
-        let argv = try build(
-            options: PrintOptions(
-                quality: "303",
-                cupsOptions: "epij_qual=308"),
-            optionKeys: ["EPIJ_Qual"])
-        XCTAssertFalse(argv.contains("EPIJ_Qual=303"))
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("epij_qual=308"))
-    }
-
-    func testQualityNilNoEmit() throws {
-        let argv = try build(
-            options: PrintOptions(mediaType: "Photo"),
-            optionKeys: ["EPIJ_Qual", "MediaType"])
-        XCTAssertFalse(argv.contains { $0.hasPrefix("EPIJ_Qual=") })
-        // No quality key on the queue → no emit either.
-        let noKey = try build(
-            options: PrintOptions(quality: "303"),
-            optionKeys: ["MediaType"])
-        XCTAssertFalse(noKey.contains { $0.hasPrefix("EPIJ_Qual=") })
-    }
-
-    func testSanitise() throws {
-        XCTAssertThrowsError(try build(options: PrintOptions(
-            cupsOptions: "InputSlot=Rear;rm -rf /"))) { error in
-            XCTAssertTrue(error is LpArgsError)
-        }
-        XCTAssertThrowsError(try build(options: PrintOptions(
-            cupsOptions: "InputSlot=Rear\nMediaType=Photo"))) { error in
-            XCTAssertTrue(error is LpArgsError)
-        }
-        XCTAssertThrowsError(try build(options: PrintOptions(
-            cupsOptions: "InputSlot=$(whoami)"))) { error in
-            XCTAssertTrue(error is LpArgsError)
-        }
-    }
-}

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/NativeSpoolPDFTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+import AppKit
+import CoreGraphics
+import Foundation
+import XCTest
+@testable import ICCery
+
+/// Issue #201 Phase 3 — real `NSPrintOperation` with
+/// `jobDisposition = .save`: proves the canvas paginates at paper size,
+/// draws the raster 1:1 at the top-left, and survives end-to-end
+/// without a printer. Skippable via `ICCERY_SKIP_PRINT_PDF=1` for
+/// hosts where the print system cannot run (R8).
+@MainActor
+final class NativeSpoolPDFTests: XCTestCase {
+
+    private var tempRoot: URL!
+
+    /// A4 in points.
+    private let paperSize = NSSize(width: 595.28, height: 841.89)
+    /// Known top-left patch colour — solid fill across the fixture.
+    private let patchBytes: [UInt8] = [230, 40, 50]
+
+    override func setUpWithError() throws {
+        tempRoot = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTempDirectory()
+    }
+
+    override func tearDownWithError() throws {
+        try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: tempRoot)
+    }
+
+    func testSavePDFDrawsPagesOneToOne() throws {
+        try XCTSkipIf(
+            ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["ICCERY_SKIP_PRINT_PDF"]
+                == "1",
+            "ICCERY_SKIP_PRINT_PDF=1 — print system unavailable")
+
+        // 72×72 px @ 72 dpi → a 72×72 pt solid block at the top-left.
+        let tiff = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 72, height: 72), dpi: 72,
+            components: 3, bitsPerComponent: 8,
+            pixelBytes: patchBytes, in: tempRoot)
+        let raster = try TargetRasterLoader.load(tiff: tiff)
+
+        let pdfURL = tempRoot.appendingPathComponent("spool.pdf")
+        let info = makeSaveInfo(pdfURL: pdfURL)
+
+        let canvas = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: [raster, raster], paperSize: paperSize)
+        let operation = NSPrintOperation(view: canvas, printInfo: info)
+        operation.showsPrintPanel = false
+        operation.showsProgressPanel = false
+        operation.canSpawnSeparateThread = false
+
+        XCTAssertTrue(operation.run(),
+                      "NSPrintOperation.save failed")
+        XCTAssertTrue(
+            FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: pdfURL.path))
+
+        let document = try XCTUnwrap(
+            CGPDFDocument(pdfURL as CFURL))
+        XCTAssertEqual(document.numberOfPages, 2)
+
+        let page = try XCTUnwrap(document.page(at: 1))
+        let mediaBox = page.getBoxRect(.mediaBox)
+        XCTAssertEqual(mediaBox.width, paperSize.width, accuracy: 0.5)
+        XCTAssertEqual(mediaBox.height, paperSize.height, accuracy: 0.5)
+
+        try assertTopLeftPatch(on: page, mediaBox: mediaBox)
+    }
+
+    /// Render the page at 1 px/pt and check the fixture's solid block
+    /// landed at the top-left at its point size — the coarse 1:1 +
+    /// no-scaling check.
+    private func assertTopLeftPatch(
+        on page: CGPDFPage, mediaBox: CGRect
+    ) throws {
+        let width = Int(ceil(mediaBox.width))
+        let height = Int(ceil(mediaBox.height))
+        let rep = try renderPageToBitmap(page, mediaBox: mediaBox)
+
+        func pixel(_ x: Int, _ y: Int) throws -> (Double, Double, Double) {
+            let color = try XCTUnwrap(
+                rep.colorAt(x: x, y: y)?.usingColorSpace(.deviceRGB))
+            return (color.redComponent,
+                    color.greenComponent,
+                    color.blueComponent)
+        }
+        func isPatch(_ p: (Double, Double, Double)) -> Bool {
+            abs(p.0 - Double(patchBytes[0]) / 255) < 0.04
+                && abs(p.1 - Double(patchBytes[1]) / 255) < 0.04
+                && abs(p.2 - Double(patchBytes[2]) / 255) < 0.04
+        }
+
+        // The print system insets the view by the queue's unprintable
+        // margin (R10) — host-dependent, ~18 pt on this machine — so
+        // the block's anchor is the painted region's top-left, not
+        // (0,0). Find the painted origin by the first opaque pixel.
+        var originX = width, originY = height
+        for y in 0..<height {
+            for x in 0..<width
+            where (rep.colorAt(x: x, y: y)?.alphaComponent ?? 0) > 0.5 {
+                originX = min(originX, x)
+                originY = min(originY, y)
+            }
+        }
+        XCTAssertLessThan(originX, width, "PDF page rendered empty")
+        XCTAssertLessThan(originY, height, "PDF page rendered empty")
+
+        // 10 px inside the 72 pt block on each axis → patch colour.
+        XCTAssertTrue(try isPatch(pixel(originX + 10, originY + 10)),
+                      "top-left block is not the fixture colour")
+
+        // Measure the block's painted width on a row through it:
+        // 72 pt at 1 px/pt — the 1:1 / no-scaling assertion.
+        var blockWidth = 0
+        var x = originX
+        while x < width,
+              isPatch(try pixel(x, originY + 10)) {
+            blockWidth += 1
+            x += 1
+        }
+        XCTAssertEqual(blockWidth, 72, accuracy: 2)
+
+        // Past the block edge the canvas's white page fill shows.
+        let outside = try pixel(originX + 80, originY + 80)
+        XCTAssertEqual(outside.0, 1, accuracy: 0.04)
+        XCTAssertEqual(outside.1, 1, accuracy: 0.04)
+        XCTAssertEqual(outside.2, 1, accuracy: 0.04)
+    }
+
+    /// #211 — a top/bottom banded block proves the page is drawn
+    /// upright AND anchored at the paper's top edge: a mirrored draw
+    /// swaps the bands; a bottom-anchored draw leaves white above the
+    /// block instead of below.
+    func testSavePDFDrawsPageUprightTopAnchored() throws {
+        try XCTSkipIf(
+            ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["ICCERY_SKIP_PRINT_PDF"]
+                == "1",
+            "ICCERY_SKIP_PRINT_PDF=1 — print system unavailable")
+
+        // 144×144 px @ 72 dpi → a 144×144 pt block, top half red,
+        // bottom half blue.
+        let topBytes: [UInt8] = [230, 40, 50]
+        let bottomBytes: [UInt8] = [40, 50, 230]
+        let tiff = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 144, height: 144), dpi: 72,
+            components: 3, bitsPerComponent: 8,
+            pixelBytes: topBytes,
+            bottomHalfPixelBytes: bottomBytes, in: tempRoot)
+        let raster = try TargetRasterLoader.load(tiff: tiff)
+
+        let pdfURL = tempRoot.appendingPathComponent("bands.pdf")
+        let info = makeSaveInfo(pdfURL: pdfURL)
+        let canvas = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: [raster], paperSize: paperSize)
+        let operation = NSPrintOperation(view: canvas, printInfo: info)
+        operation.showsPrintPanel = false
+        operation.showsProgressPanel = false
+        operation.canSpawnSeparateThread = false
+        XCTAssertTrue(operation.run(),
+                      "NSPrintOperation.save failed")
+
+        let document = try XCTUnwrap(
+            CGPDFDocument(pdfURL as CFURL))
+        let page = try XCTUnwrap(document.page(at: 1))
+        let mediaBox = page.getBoxRect(.mediaBox)
+        let rep = try renderPageToBitmap(page, mediaBox: mediaBox)
+
+        func pixel(_ x: Int, _ y: Int) throws -> (Double, Double, Double) {
+            let color = try XCTUnwrap(
+                rep.colorAt(x: x, y: y)?.usingColorSpace(.deviceRGB))
+            return (color.redComponent,
+                    color.greenComponent,
+                    color.blueComponent)
+        }
+        func matches(
+            _ p: (Double, Double, Double), _ rgb: [UInt8]
+        ) -> Bool {
+            abs(p.0 - Double(rgb[0]) / 255) < 0.04
+                && abs(p.1 - Double(rgb[1]) / 255) < 0.04
+                && abs(p.2 - Double(rgb[2]) / 255) < 0.04
+        }
+
+        // Painted region = the page fill inset by the queue's
+        // unprintable margin (R10); minimum opaque y is its top edge
+        // in the rendered bitmap (same convention as the 1:1 test).
+        let width = Int(ceil(mediaBox.width))
+        let height = Int(ceil(mediaBox.height))
+        var topX = width, topY = height
+        for y in 0..<height {
+            for x in 0..<width
+            where (rep.colorAt(x: x, y: y)?.alphaComponent ?? 0) > 0.5 {
+                topX = min(topX, x)
+                topY = min(topY, y)
+            }
+        }
+        XCTAssertLessThan(topY, height, "PDF page rendered empty")
+
+        // The 144 pt block hangs from the page's top edge: top-band
+        // colour for the first 72 pt, bottom-band colour for the
+        // next 72 pt, then the white page fill.
+        XCTAssertTrue(
+            try matches(pixel(topX + 10, topY + 10), topBytes),
+            "block top is not the top-band colour — mirrored draw?")
+        XCTAssertTrue(
+            try matches(pixel(topX + 10, topY + 82), bottomBytes),
+            "block bottom is not the bottom-band colour — mirrored draw?")
+        XCTAssertTrue(
+            try matches(pixel(topX + 10, topY + 134), bottomBytes),
+            "block does not reach 144 pt below the painted top edge")
+        let below = try pixel(topX + 10, topY + 160)
+        XCTAssertEqual(below.0, 1, accuracy: 0.04)
+        XCTAssertEqual(below.1, 1, accuracy: 0.04)
+        XCTAssertEqual(below.2, 1, accuracy: 0.04)
+    }
+
+    /// Print settings shared by the save-PDF harness tests: A4, zero
+    /// margins, `.clip` pagination, 1:1, no centring, `.save` to
+    /// `pdfURL`.
+    private func makeSaveInfo(pdfURL: URL) -> NSPrintInfo {
+        let info = NSPrintInfo()
+        info.paperSize = paperSize
+        info.orientation = .portrait
+        info.topMargin = 0
+        info.bottomMargin = 0
+        info.leftMargin = 0
+        info.rightMargin = 0
+        info.horizontalPagination = .clip
+        info.verticalPagination = .clip
+        info.scalingFactor = 1.0
+        info.isHorizontallyCentered = false
+        info.isVerticallyCentered = false
+        info.jobDisposition = .save
+        info.dictionary()[
+            NSPrintInfo.AttributeKey.jobSavingURL] = pdfURL
+        return info
+    }
+
+    /// Render a saved-PDF page into a bitmap at 1 px/pt.
+    private func renderPageToBitmap(
+        _ page: CGPDFPage, mediaBox: CGRect
+    ) throws -> NSBitmapImageRep {
+        let width = Int(ceil(mediaBox.width))
+        let height = Int(ceil(mediaBox.height))
+        let rep = try XCTUnwrap(NSBitmapImageRep(
+            bitmapDataPlanes: nil,
+            pixelsWide: width,
+            pixelsHigh: height,
+            bitsPerSample: 8,
+            samplesPerPixel: 4,
+            hasAlpha: true,
+            isPlanar: false,
+            colorSpaceName: .deviceRGB,
+            bytesPerRow: 0,
+            bitsPerPixel: 0))
+        let context = try XCTUnwrap(
+            NSGraphicsContext(bitmapImageRep: rep))
+        let cg = context.cgContext
+        let transform = page.getDrawingTransform(
+            .mediaBox,
+            rect: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height),
+            rotate: 0, preserveAspectRatio: true)
+        NSGraphicsContext.saveGraphicsState()
+        NSGraphicsContext.current = context
+        cg.concatenate(transform)
+        cg.drawPDFPage(page)
+        NSGraphicsContext.restoreGraphicsState()
+        return rep
+    }
+}

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/PrintPanelTests.swift

@@ -69,6 +69,24 @@ final class PrintPanelStubTests: XCTestCase {
         }
     }
 
+    /// #186 — a vendor media key in the captured string reaches
+    /// `options.mediaType` through the detection roster
+    /// (`CNIJMediaType`/`StpMediaType`, not only `MediaType`).
+    func testOkResultExtractsVendorMediaKey() throws {
+        try withEnv([
+            "ICCERY_UI_TESTING": "1",
+            "ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL": "ok",
+            "ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS":
+                "PageSize=A4 orientation-requested=4 CNIJMediaType=Photo",
+            "ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_PRINTER": nil,
+        ]) {
+            let result = UITestHooks.printPanelResult(forQueue: "q")
+            XCTAssertEqual(result?.options.paperSize, "A4")
+            XCTAssertEqual(result?.options.orientation, "landscape")
+            XCTAssertEqual(result?.options.mediaType, "Photo")
+        }
+    }
+
     func testOkDefaultsPrinter() throws {
         try withEnv([
             "ICCERY_UI_TESTING": "1",

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/PrintSessionViewModelTests.swift

@@ -5,33 +5,35 @@ import XCTest
 
 /// Issue #183 — Stage 2 paper-size / quality selection: seeding from
 /// Stage 1 `pageSize`, the synthetic `Custom.<pt>x<pt>` entry, re-mirror
-/// triggers, and `PrintOptions` wiring into `lp` argv.
-/// `lpoptions`/`lp` are mock scripts in the test env's `cups-bin` — no
+/// triggers, and `TargetPrintOverrides` wiring into the resolved
+/// ticket writes (#201 — the `RecordingTargetSpooler` seam replaces
+/// the deleted `lp` argv log).
+/// `lpoptions` is a mock script in the test env's `cups-bin` — no
 /// live CUPS is touched.
 @MainActor
 final class PrintSessionViewModelTests: XCTestCase {
 
     private var env: TestAppEnvironment!
-    private var lpArgvURL: URL!
+    private var spoolLogURL: URL!
 
     override func setUp() async throws {
         env = try TestAppEnvironment.make()
-        lpArgvURL = env.root.appendingPathComponent("lp-argv.log")
+        spoolLogURL = env.root.appendingPathComponent("spool.log")
         try writeCupsFixtures()
     }
 
     override func tearDown() async throws {
         env?.cleanup()
         env = nil
-        lpArgvURL = nil
+        spoolLogURL = nil
     }
 
     private var binDir: URL {
         env.root.appendingPathComponent("cups-bin")
     }
 
-    /// Mock `lpoptions -l` advertises paper sizes + a quality key;
-    /// mock `lp` appends its argv to `lpArgvURL` for assertions.
+    /// Mock `lpoptions -l` advertises paper sizes + a quality key —
+    /// the queue's option-key roster feeds media/quality detection.
     private func writeCupsFixtures() throws {
         try FileManager.default.createDirectory(
             at: binDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
@@ -56,18 +58,11 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModelTests: XCTestCase {
             printf "printer-info='Mock %s' printer-type=42\\n" "$queue"
             exit 0
             """
-        let lp = """
-            #!/bin/sh
-            printf '%s\\n' "$*" >> "\(lpArgvURL.path)"
-            exit 0
-            """
-        for (name, body) in [("lpoptions", lpoptions), ("lp", lp)] {
-            let url = binDir.appendingPathComponent(name)
-            try body.write(to: url, atomically: true, encoding: .utf8)
+        let url = binDir.appendingPathComponent("lpoptions")
+        try lpoptions.write(to: url, atomically: true, encoding: .utf8)
         try FileManager.default.setAttributes(
             [.posixPermissions: 0o755], ofItemAtPath: url.path)
     }
-    }
 
     private func makeWorkflow() -> TargetWorkflowViewModel {
         TargetWorkflowViewModel(environment: env.environment)
@@ -185,14 +180,17 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModelTests: XCTestCase {
 
     // MARK: - Spool wiring
 
-    /// `spool` emits the Stage 2 paper token and quality through
-    /// `PrintOptions` → `lp` argv (`-o PageSize=`, `-o <qualityKey>=`).
+    /// `spool` resolves the Stage 2 paper token and quality into the
+    /// ticket writes (`PageSize=`, `<qualityKey>=`) recorded by the
+    /// DEBUG spool seam (#201 D8).
     func testSpoolPassesPaperTokenAndQuality() async throws {
         let workflow = makeWorkflow()
         workflow.pageSize = .a4
         await loadCaps(workflow.print)
         workflow.print.selectedPaperSize = 4 // Letter
         workflow.print.selectedQuality = "301"
+        workflow.print.spooler = RecordingTargetSpooler(
+            logURL: spoolLogURL)
 
         let tiff = env.root.appendingPathComponent("page1.tif")
         try Data([0x49, 0x49]).write(to: tiff)
@@ -208,9 +206,46 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModelTests: XCTestCase {
             pages: [page])
         workflow.print.printAllPages(from: result)
 
-        let argv = await waitForFile(lpArgvURL)
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("PageSize=Letter"), argv)
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("EPIJ_Qual=301"), argv)
+        let log = await waitForFile(spoolLogURL)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("PageSize=Letter"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("EPIJ_Qual=301"), log)
+    }
+
+    /// #201 — the stubbed panel never produces a `PrintTicket`, so a
+    /// spool with `capturedTickets` empty must still resolve every
+    /// Stage 2 write (the default UI-test path).
+    func testSpoolWithoutTicketResolvesStage2Writes() async throws {
+        let workflow = makeWorkflow()
+        workflow.pageSize = .a4
+        await loadCaps(workflow.print)
+        workflow.print.spooler = RecordingTargetSpooler(
+            logURL: spoolLogURL)
+        XCTAssertTrue(workflow.print.capturedTickets.isEmpty)
+
+        let tiff = env.root.appendingPathComponent("page1.tif")
+        try Data([0x49, 0x49]).write(to: tiff)
+        let page = GalleryPage(
+            index: 0,
+            page: PrinttargPage(
+                filename: "page1.tif", patches: 10,
+                widthMm: 210, heightMm: 297),
+            fileURL: tiff, previewPNG: nil, previewError: nil)
+        let result = PrinttargResult(
+            ti2URL: env.root.appendingPathComponent("target.ti2"),
+            manifest: PrinttargManifest(pages: [page.page]),
+            pages: [page])
+        workflow.print.printAllPages(from: result)
+
+        let log = await waitForFile(spoolLogURL)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("pages=1"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("PageSize=A4"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("EPIJ_Qual=303"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("MediaType=Stationery"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("orientation-requested=3"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains(
+            "AP_ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains(
+            "PMColorMatchingMode=APCustomColorMatching"), log)
     }
 
     // MARK: - Panel apply-back (stubbed NSPrintPanel)
@@ -244,4 +279,149 @@ final class PrintSessionViewModelTests: XCTestCase {
         XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedPaperSize, 4)
         XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedQuality, "305")
     }
+
+    /// #186 — the captured `orientation-requested`/media token apply
+    /// back to `printOrientation`/`selectedMediaType`, and a dialog
+    /// result never mutates `workflow.pageSize` (printtarg layout).
+    func testPanelResultAppliesBackOrientationAndMedia() async throws {
+        setenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING", "1", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL", "ok", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS",
+               "orientation-requested=4 MediaType=Glossy", 1)
+        defer {
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS")
+        }
+
+        let workflow = makeWorkflow()
+        workflow.pageSize = .a4
+        await loadCaps(workflow.print)
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.printOrientation, "portrait")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedMediaType, "Stationery")
+
+        workflow.print.openPrinterPreferences()
+        await waitForNotice(workflow.print, containing: "Settings captured")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.printOrientation, "landscape")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedMediaType, "Glossy")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.pageSize, .a4)
+    }
+
+    /// #186 — a captured `PageSize` token with no capability match
+    /// leaves `selectedPaperSize` unchanged (never a guessed id).
+    func testPanelResultUnknownPaperLeavesSelection() async throws {
+        setenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING", "1", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL", "ok", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS", "PageSize=Bogus", 1)
+        defer {
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS")
+        }
+
+        let workflow = makeWorkflow()
+        workflow.pageSize = .a4
+        await loadCaps(workflow.print)
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedPaperSize, 3)
+
+        workflow.print.openPrinterPreferences()
+        await waitForNotice(workflow.print, containing: "Settings captured")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedPaperSize, 3)
+    }
+
+    /// #186 — a stub result pointing at another queue in `printers`
+    /// switches `selectedPrinter` and reloads its capabilities.
+    func testPanelResultSwitchesToKnownQueue() async throws {
+        setenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING", "1", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL", "ok", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS", "PageSize=Letter", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_PRINTER", "Other_Q", 1)
+        defer {
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_PRINTER")
+        }
+
+        let workflow = makeWorkflow()
+        workflow.pageSize = .a4
+        workflow.print.printers = [
+            Printer(name: "Mock_Q", isDefault: true),
+            Printer(name: "Other_Q"),
+        ]
+        await loadCaps(workflow.print)
+
+        workflow.print.openPrinterPreferences()
+        await waitForNotice(
+            workflow.print, containing: "Settings captured for Other_Q")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedPrinter, "Other_Q")
+        // Caps reloaded for the new queue: paper re-seeded, then the
+        // captured PageSize applied back onto the new caps.
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedPaperSize, 4)
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.capturedCupsOptions["Other_Q"],
+            "PageSize=Letter")
+    }
+
+    /// #186 — a stub result naming a queue absent from `printers`
+    /// leaves the selection on the opened queue.
+    func testPanelResultGhostQueueIgnored() async throws {
+        setenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING", "1", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL", "ok", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_PRINTER", "Ghost_Q", 1)
+        defer {
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_PRINTER")
+        }
+
+        let workflow = makeWorkflow()
+        workflow.pageSize = .a4
+        workflow.print.printers = [Printer(name: "Mock_Q", isDefault: true)]
+        await loadCaps(workflow.print)
+
+        workflow.print.openPrinterPreferences()
+        await waitForNotice(
+            workflow.print, containing: "Settings captured for Mock_Q")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedPrinter, "Mock_Q")
+    }
+
+    /// #186 — cancel returns `nil`: info notice, no field changes.
+    func testPanelCancelLeavesSelections() async throws {
+        setenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING", "1", 1)
+        setenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL", "cancel", 1)
+        defer {
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_UI_TESTING")
+            unsetenv("ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL")
+        }
+
+        let workflow = makeWorkflow()
+        workflow.pageSize = .a4
+        await loadCaps(workflow.print)
+        workflow.print.printOrientation = "landscape"
+
+        workflow.print.openPrinterPreferences()
+        await waitForNotice(workflow.print, containing: "cancelled")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedPaperSize, 3)
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedQuality, "303")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.selectedMediaType, "Stationery")
+        XCTAssertEqual(workflow.print.printOrientation, "landscape")
+        XCTAssertTrue(workflow.print.capturedCupsOptions.isEmpty)
+    }
+
+    /// Poll until the panel task posts a notice whose text contains
+    /// `fragment` (the Task-completion signal for `nil` results too).
+    private func waitForNotice(
+        _ vm: PrintSessionViewModel,
+        containing fragment: String,
+        timeout: TimeInterval = 10
+    ) async {
+        let deadline = Date().addingTimeInterval(timeout)
+        while Date() < deadline {
+            if let text = vm.printNotice?.text, text.contains(fragment) {
+                return
+            }
+            try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: 100_000_000)
+        }
+        XCTFail("Timed out waiting for notice containing '\(fragment)'")
+    }
 }

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/PrintTicketTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+import AppKit
+import Foundation
+import XCTest
+@testable import ICCery
+
+/// Issue #201 Phase 2 — `PMTicketBridge.serialise`/`restore` byte
+/// round-trip, cross-queue refusal (R3), plist fallback, and the
+/// `takeRetainedValue` ownership canary.
+@MainActor
+final class PrintTicketTests: XCTestCase {
+
+    /// The queue a destination `NSPrintInfo` will report as bound —
+    /// the session's current printer, else the Cocoa printer name,
+    /// else a synthetic token for a queue-less environment.
+    private func boundQueue(of printInfo: NSPrintInfo) -> String {
+        PMTicketBridge.currentPrinterID(
+            session: PMTicketBridge.session(printInfo),
+            fallback: "UnboundQueue")
+    }
+
+    func testRoundTripRetainsVendorValue() throws {
+        let source = NSPrintInfo()
+        XCTAssertTrue(
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
+                "305", forKey: "EPIJ_Qual", locked: false,
+                in: PMTicketBridge.settings(source),
+                context: "PrintTicketTests"))
+
+        let target = NSPrintInfo()
+        let ticket = try PMTicketBridge.serialise(
+            source, queue: boundQueue(of: target))
+        try PMTicketBridge.restore(ticket, into: target)
+
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            PMTicketBridge.stringValue(
+                forKey: "EPIJ_Qual",
+                in: PMTicketBridge.settings(target)),
+            "305")
+    }
+
+    func testPrintSettingsDataIsXmlPlist() throws {
+        let ticket = try PMTicketBridge.serialise(
+            NSPrintInfo(), queue: "AnyQueue")
+        XCTAssertFalse(ticket.printSettings.isEmpty)
+        XCTAssertFalse(ticket.pageFormat.isEmpty)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            String(decoding: ticket.printSettings.prefix(5),
+                   as: UTF8.self),
+            "<?xml")
+    }
+
+    func testCrossQueueReplayIsRefused() throws {
+        let target = NSPrintInfo()
+        let bound = boundQueue(of: target)
+        let foreign = "DefinitelyNot_\(bound)"
+        try XCTSkipIf(
+            bound == foreign,
+            "destination resolved to the foreign queue")
+
+        // Sentinel on the destination — a refused restore must leave
+        // the target's settings untouched.
+        XCTAssertTrue(
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
+                "999", forKey: "EPIJ_Qual", locked: false,
+                in: PMTicketBridge.settings(target),
+                context: "PrintTicketTests"))
+
+        let source = NSPrintInfo()
+        XCTAssertTrue(
+            PMTicketBridge.setValue(
+                "305", forKey: "EPIJ_Qual", locked: false,
+                in: PMTicketBridge.settings(source),
+                context: "PrintTicketTests"))
+        let ticket = try PMTicketBridge.serialise(
+            source, queue: foreign)
+
+        try PMTicketBridge.restore(ticket, into: target)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            PMTicketBridge.stringValue(
+                forKey: "EPIJ_Qual",
+                in: PMTicketBridge.settings(target)),
+            "999")
+    }
+
+    func testPrintInfoPlistFallbackRoundTrips() throws {
+        let source = NSPrintInfo()
+        // The `com.apple.print.PrintSettings` entry only exists once
+        // something writes into the attribute dictionary — the
+        // ColorSync mirror does this on the real panel path.
+        source.dictionary()[
+            NSPrintInfo.AttributeKey("com.apple.print.PrintSettings")] =
+            ["PMColorMatchingMode": "APCustomColorMatching"]
+                as NSDictionary
+        let ticket = try PMTicketBridge.serialise(
+            source, queue: "AnyQueue")
+        let data = try XCTUnwrap(ticket.printInfoPlist)
+        let object = try PropertyListSerialization.propertyList(
+            from: data, options: [], format: nil)
+        let dictionary = try XCTUnwrap(object as? [String: Any])
+        XCTAssertNotNil(
+            dictionary["com.apple.print.PrintSettings"])
+    }
+
+    /// 200× serialise loop — a `takeRetainedValue` over/under-release
+    /// canary. Byte counts must stay stable; ASan + Malloc Scribble
+    /// catches an actual imbalance.
+    func testSerialiseIsStableAcrossIterations() throws {
+        let source = NSPrintInfo()
+        var firstCount: Int?
+        for _ in 0..<200 {
+            let ticket = try PMTicketBridge.serialise(
+                source, queue: "AnyQueue")
+            if let first = firstCount {
+                XCTAssertEqual(ticket.printSettings.count, first)
+            } else {
+                firstCount = ticket.printSettings.count
+            }
+        }
+        XCTAssertNotNil(firstCount)
+    }
+}

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/TargetCanvasGeometryTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+import AppKit
+import CoreGraphics
+import Foundation
+import XCTest
+@testable import ICCery
+
+/// Issue #201 Phase 3 — `TargetPageCanvasView` bottom-up page stacking,
+/// snapped top-left anchoring, and the draw-time interpolation /
+/// antialias contract asserted via `drawProbe`.
+@MainActor
+final class TargetCanvasGeometryTests: XCTestCase {
+
+    /// A4-ish paper, points.
+    private let paperSize = NSSize(width: 595.28, height: 841.89)
+
+    private func raster(
+        pixelWidth: Int = 2480,
+        pixelHeight: Int = 3508,
+        dpi: Double = 300
+    ) -> TargetPageRaster {
+        let image = TargetTestFixtures.makeImage(
+            px: CGSize(width: 8, height: 8),
+            components: 3, bitsPerComponent: 8)!
+        return TargetPageRaster(
+            sourceURL: URL(fileURLWithPath: "/fixture.tiff"),
+            cgImage: image,
+            pixelWidth: pixelWidth,
+            pixelHeight: pixelHeight,
+            dpiX: dpi, dpiY: dpi,
+            componentCount: 3,
+            bitsPerComponent: 8,
+            expectedWidthMm: nil,
+            expectedHeightMm: nil)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Page stacking
+
+    /// Bottom-up space: page 1 is the BOTTOM band of the frame — the
+    /// non-flipped pagination convention (#211).
+    func testRectForPageStacksBottomUp() {
+        let view = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: [raster(), raster(), raster()],
+            paperSize: paperSize)
+        XCTAssertFalse(view.isFlipped)
+
+        let page1 = view.rectForPage(1)
+        let page3 = view.rectForPage(3)
+        XCTAssertEqual(page1.minY, 0, accuracy: 0.001)
+        XCTAssertEqual(page3.minY, 2 * paperSize.height, accuracy: 0.001)
+        XCTAssertEqual(page1.size, paperSize)
+        XCTAssertEqual(page3.size, paperSize)
+    }
+
+    func testKnowsPageRangeAndFrame() {
+        let view = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: [raster(), raster()],
+            paperSize: paperSize)
+        var range = NSRange()
+        XCTAssertTrue(view.knowsPageRange(&range))
+        XCTAssertEqual(range, NSRange(location: 1, length: 2))
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            view.frame.height, 2 * paperSize.height, accuracy: 0.001)
+        XCTAssertEqual(view.frame.width, paperSize.width, accuracy: 0.001)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Destination rect
+
+    func testDestinationRectAnchorsTopLeftAndSnaps() {
+        let view = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: [raster(), raster()],
+            paperSize: paperSize)
+
+        // Near-full-page raster: in bottom-up space the page's top
+        // edge is `maxY`, so the top-anchored origin is ~0.03 pt
+        // negative — the overflow clips at the BOTTOM of the sheet.
+        let first = view.destinationRect(forPage: 1)
+        XCTAssertEqual(first.origin.x, 0, accuracy: 0.001)
+        XCTAssertEqual(first.origin.y, -0.03, accuracy: 0.001)
+        XCTAssertEqual(first.width, 595.2, accuracy: 0.01)
+        XCTAssertEqual(first.height, 841.92, accuracy: 0.01)
+
+        let second = view.destinationRect(forPage: 2)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            second.origin.y,
+            2 * paperSize.height - first.height, accuracy: 0.001)
+        XCTAssertEqual(second.size, first.size)
+
+        // A raster smaller than the paper hangs from the page's TOP
+        // edge — minY would anchor it at the bottom (#211 follow-up).
+        let small = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: [raster(pixelWidth: 72, pixelHeight: 72, dpi: 72)],
+            paperSize: paperSize)
+        let smallRect = small.destinationRect(forPage: 1)
+        XCTAssertEqual(smallRect.origin.x, 0, accuracy: 0.001)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            smallRect.origin.y, paperSize.height - 72, accuracy: 0.001)
+        XCTAssertEqual(smallRect.size, CGSize(width: 72, height: 72))
+
+        for rect in [first, second, smallRect] {
+            XCTAssertEqual(
+                rect.origin.x * 1000,
+                (rect.origin.x * 1000).rounded(),
+                accuracy: 1e-9)
+            XCTAssertEqual(
+                rect.origin.y * 1000,
+                (rect.origin.y * 1000).rounded(),
+                accuracy: 1e-9)
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Draw flags
+
+    /// Render the canvas into an offscreen bitmap context and assert —
+    /// from inside `drawProbe` — that interpolation and antialiasing
+    /// are off and the drawn rect is `destinationRect(forPage:)`.
+    func testDrawDisablesInterpolationAndAntialias() throws {
+        let pages = [raster(), raster()]
+        let view = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: pages, paperSize: paperSize)
+
+        let rep = try XCTUnwrap(NSBitmapImageRep(
+            bitmapDataPlanes: nil,
+            pixelsWide: Int(ceil(view.frame.width)),
+            pixelsHigh: Int(ceil(view.frame.height)),
+            bitsPerSample: 8,
+            samplesPerPixel: 4,
+            hasAlpha: true,
+            isPlanar: false,
+            colorSpaceName: .deviceRGB,
+            bytesPerRow: 0,
+            bitsPerPixel: 0))
+        let context = try XCTUnwrap(
+            NSGraphicsContext(bitmapImageRep: rep))
+
+        var probed: [(page: Int, rect: NSRect)] = []
+        view.drawProbe = { ctx, page, rect in
+            XCTAssertEqual(ctx.imageInterpolation, .none,
+                           "page \(page): interpolation not .none")
+            XCTAssertFalse(ctx.shouldAntialias,
+                           "page \(page): antialiasing still on")
+            probed.append((page, rect))
+        }
+
+        NSGraphicsContext.saveGraphicsState()
+        NSGraphicsContext.current = context
+        view.draw(view.bounds)
+        NSGraphicsContext.restoreGraphicsState()
+
+        XCTAssertEqual(probed.count, pages.count)
+        for (page, rect) in probed {
+            XCTAssertEqual(
+                rect, view.destinationRect(forPage: page),
+                "page \(page): probe rect mismatch")
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// A dirty rect covering only page 2's band must draw only page 2.
+    func testDrawSkipsPagesOutsideDirtyRect() throws {
+        let view = TargetPageCanvasView(
+            pages: [raster(), raster(), raster()],
+            paperSize: paperSize)
+
+        let rep = try XCTUnwrap(NSBitmapImageRep(
+            bitmapDataPlanes: nil,
+            pixelsWide: Int(ceil(view.frame.width)),
+            pixelsHigh: Int(ceil(view.frame.height)),
+            bitsPerSample: 8,
+            samplesPerPixel: 4,
+            hasAlpha: true,
+            isPlanar: false,
+            colorSpaceName: .deviceRGB,
+            bytesPerRow: 0,
+            bitsPerPixel: 0))
+        let context = try XCTUnwrap(
+            NSGraphicsContext(bitmapImageRep: rep))
+
+        var probedPages: [Int] = []
+        view.drawProbe = { _, page, _ in probedPages.append(page) }
+
+        NSGraphicsContext.saveGraphicsState()
+        NSGraphicsContext.current = context
+        view.draw(view.rectForPage(2))
+        NSGraphicsContext.restoreGraphicsState()
+
+        XCTAssertEqual(probedPages, [2])
+    }
+}

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/TargetRasterFixtures.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+import CoreGraphics
+import Foundation
+import ImageIO
+import UniformTypeIdentifiers
+
+/// Shared TIFF fixture builder for the #201 raster / canvas / PDF
+/// harness tests. Writes real TIFFs via `CGImageDestination` so the
+/// loader exercises the same decode path as production.
+enum TargetTestFixtures {
+
+    enum FixtureError: Error {
+        case imageNotCreated
+        case destinationNotCreated
+        case finalizeFailed
+    }
+
+    /// Fresh per-test directory under the temp root.
+    static func makeTempDirectory() throws -> URL {
+        let url = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+            .appendingPathComponent("iccery-raster-\(UUID().uuidString)")
+        try FileManager.default.createDirectory(
+            at: url, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+        return url
+    }
+
+    /// A solid-fill (or repeating-pattern) `CGImage` with a device
+    /// colour space for 1/3/4 components at 8 or 16 bpc. `alpha: true`
+    /// appends one alpha sample per pixel (`last`). `pixelBytes` is the
+    /// repeating per-pixel pattern (big-endian for 16 bpc).
+    /// `bottomHalfPixelBytes`, when set, is the pattern for the bottom
+    /// half of the rows — a vertical asymmetry that lets tests catch a
+    /// mirrored draw (#211).
+    static func makeImage(
+        px: CGSize,
+        components: Int,
+        bitsPerComponent: Int,
+        alpha: Bool = false,
+        pixelBytes: [UInt8]? = nil,
+        bottomHalfPixelBytes: [UInt8]? = nil
+    ) -> CGImage? {
+        let width = Int(px.width)
+        let height = Int(px.height)
+        let bytesPerComponent = bitsPerComponent / 8
+        let samples = components + (alpha ? 1 : 0)
+        let bytesPerPixel = samples * bytesPerComponent
+        let bytesPerRow = width * bytesPerPixel
+        func buildRow(_ pattern: [UInt8]) -> [UInt8] {
+            var row = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: bytesPerRow)
+            for offset in stride(
+                from: 0, to: bytesPerRow, by: pattern.count) {
+                for (index, byte) in pattern.enumerated()
+                where offset + index < bytesPerRow {
+                    row[offset + index] = byte
+                }
+            }
+            return row
+        }
+        let topRow = buildRow(
+            pixelBytes
+                ?? Array(0..<bytesPerPixel).map {
+                    UInt8(($0 * 37 + 11) & 0xff)
+                })
+        let bottomRow = buildRow(bottomHalfPixelBytes ?? pixelBytes
+            ?? Array(0..<bytesPerPixel).map {
+                UInt8(($0 * 37 + 11) & 0xff)
+            })
+        var bytes = [UInt8]()
+        bytes.reserveCapacity(bytesPerRow * height)
+        for rowIndex in 0..<height {
+            bytes.append(
+                contentsOf: rowIndex < height / 2 ? topRow : bottomRow)
+        }
+        let data = Data(bytes)
+
+        let space: CGColorSpace
+        switch components {
+        case 1: space = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceGray()
+        case 3: space = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB()
+        case 4: space = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceCMYK()
+        default: return nil
+        }
+        var info = CGBitmapInfo()
+        if bitsPerComponent == 16 {
+            info.insert(.byteOrder16Big)
+        }
+        if alpha {
+            info = CGBitmapInfo(
+                rawValue: info.rawValue | CGImageAlphaInfo.last.rawValue)
+        }
+        guard let provider = CGDataProvider(data: data as CFData)
+        else { return nil }
+        return CGImage(
+            width: width, height: height,
+            bitsPerComponent: bitsPerComponent,
+            bitsPerPixel: bitsPerComponent * samples,
+            bytesPerRow: bytesPerRow,
+            space: space,
+            bitmapInfo: info,
+            provider: provider,
+            decode: nil,
+            shouldInterpolate: false,
+            intent: .defaultIntent)
+    }
+
+    /// Writes `makeImage` output to a single-page TIFF. `dpi` nil
+    /// produces a TIFF with no resolution tags (the 72-fallback path).
+    /// `bottomHalfPixelBytes` passes through to `makeImage` (#211).
+    static func makeTIFF(
+        px: CGSize,
+        dpi: Double?,
+        components: Int = 3,
+        bitsPerComponent: Int = 8,
+        alpha: Bool = false,
+        pixelBytes: [UInt8]? = nil,
+        bottomHalfPixelBytes: [UInt8]? = nil,
+        in directory: URL
+    ) throws -> URL {
+        guard let image = makeImage(
+            px: px, components: components,
+            bitsPerComponent: bitsPerComponent,
+            alpha: alpha, pixelBytes: pixelBytes,
+            bottomHalfPixelBytes: bottomHalfPixelBytes)
+        else { throw FixtureError.imageNotCreated }
+        let url = directory.appendingPathComponent(
+            "fixture-\(UUID().uuidString).tiff")
+        guard let destination = CGImageDestinationCreateWithURL(
+            url as CFURL, UTType.tiff.identifier as CFString, 1, nil)
+        else { throw FixtureError.destinationNotCreated }
+        var properties: [CFString: Any] = [:]
+        if let dpi {
+            properties[kCGImagePropertyDPIWidth] = dpi
+            properties[kCGImagePropertyDPIHeight] = dpi
+            properties[kCGImagePropertyTIFFDictionary] = [
+                kCGImagePropertyTIFFXResolution: dpi,
+                kCGImagePropertyTIFFYResolution: dpi,
+                kCGImagePropertyTIFFResolutionUnit: 2,   // inches
+            ]
+        }
+        CGImageDestinationAddImage(
+            destination, image, properties as CFDictionary)
+        guard CGImageDestinationFinalize(destination)
+        else { throw FixtureError.finalizeFailed }
+        return url
+    }
+}

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/TargetRasterTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+import CoreGraphics
+import Foundation
+import ImageIO
+import XCTest
+@testable import ICCery
+
+/// Issue #201 Phase 3 — `TargetRasterLoader` DPI handling, device
+/// re-tag (D10), unsupported-layout rejection, and manifest drift (D9).
+final class TargetRasterTests: XCTestCase {
+
+    private var tempRoot: URL!
+
+    override func setUpWithError() throws {
+        tempRoot = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTempDirectory()
+    }
+
+    override func tearDownWithError() throws {
+        try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: tempRoot)
+    }
+
+    private func load(_ url: URL) throws -> TargetPageRaster {
+        try TargetRasterLoader.load(tiff: url)
+    }
+
+    /// Decode index 0 the same way the loader does, for provider-byte
+    /// comparisons that prove the re-tag did not resample.
+    private func decoded(_ url: URL) throws -> CGImage {
+        let source = try XCTUnwrap(
+            CGImageSourceCreateWithURL(url as CFURL, nil))
+        return try XCTUnwrap(
+            CGImageSourceCreateImageAtIndex(source, 0, nil))
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - pointSize / physicalMm
+
+    func testPointSizeFromDPI() throws {
+        let url = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 2480, height: 3508), dpi: 300,
+            in: tempRoot)
+        let raster = try load(url)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.pointSize.width, 595.2, accuracy: 0.01)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.pointSize.height, 841.92, accuracy: 0.01)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.physicalMm.width, 209.97, accuracy: 0.01)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.physicalMm.height, 297.01, accuracy: 0.01)
+    }
+
+    func testPointSizeAt600dpi() throws {
+        let url = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 1200, height: 1800), dpi: 600,
+            in: tempRoot)
+        let raster = try load(url)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.pointSize.width, 144, accuracy: 0.01)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.pointSize.height, 216, accuracy: 0.01)
+    }
+
+    func testMissingDPIFallsBackTo72() throws {
+        let url = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 100, height: 80), dpi: nil,
+            in: tempRoot)
+        let raster = try load(url)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.dpiX, TargetRasterLoader.fallbackDPI)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.dpiY, TargetRasterLoader.fallbackDPI)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.pointSize.width, 100, accuracy: 0.01)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.pointSize.height, 80, accuracy: 0.01)
+    }
+
+    func testMissingFileThrows() {
+        let url = tempRoot.appendingPathComponent("nope.tiff")
+        XCTAssertThrowsError(try load(url)) { error in
+            XCTAssertEqual(
+                error as? TargetRasterError,
+                .tiffMissing(url.path))
+        }
+    }
+
+    func testGarbageFileThrowsUndecodable() throws {
+        let url = tempRoot.appendingPathComponent("junk.tiff")
+        try Data([0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03]).write(to: url)
+        XCTAssertThrowsError(try load(url)) { error in
+            XCTAssertEqual(
+                error as? TargetRasterError,
+                .undecodable(url.path))
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - deviceTagged (D10)
+
+    func testDeviceTaggedRGB8() throws {
+        let source = try XCTUnwrap(TargetTestFixtures.makeImage(
+            px: CGSize(width: 16, height: 16),
+            components: 3, bitsPerComponent: 8))
+        let tagged = try XCTUnwrap(
+            TargetRasterLoader.deviceTagged(source))
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.colorSpace?.model, .rgb)
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.bitsPerComponent, 8)
+        XCTAssertFalse(tagged.shouldInterpolate)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            tagged.dataProvider?.data as? Data,
+            source.dataProvider?.data as? Data)
+    }
+
+    func testDeviceTaggedCMYK8() throws {
+        let source = try XCTUnwrap(TargetTestFixtures.makeImage(
+            px: CGSize(width: 16, height: 16),
+            components: 4, bitsPerComponent: 8))
+        let tagged = try XCTUnwrap(
+            TargetRasterLoader.deviceTagged(source))
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.colorSpace?.model, .cmyk)
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.bitsPerComponent, 8)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            tagged.dataProvider?.data as? Data,
+            source.dataProvider?.data as? Data)
+    }
+
+    func testDeviceTaggedGray8() throws {
+        let source = try XCTUnwrap(TargetTestFixtures.makeImage(
+            px: CGSize(width: 16, height: 16),
+            components: 1, bitsPerComponent: 8))
+        let tagged = try XCTUnwrap(
+            TargetRasterLoader.deviceTagged(source))
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.colorSpace?.model, .monochrome)
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.bitsPerComponent, 8)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            tagged.dataProvider?.data as? Data,
+            source.dataProvider?.data as? Data)
+    }
+
+    func testDeviceTaggedRGB16KeepsBitDepth() throws {
+        let source = try XCTUnwrap(TargetTestFixtures.makeImage(
+            px: CGSize(width: 16, height: 16),
+            components: 3, bitsPerComponent: 16))
+        let tagged = try XCTUnwrap(
+            TargetRasterLoader.deviceTagged(source))
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.colorSpace?.model, .rgb)
+        XCTAssertEqual(tagged.bitsPerComponent, 16)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            tagged.dataProvider?.data as? Data,
+            source.dataProvider?.data as? Data)
+    }
+
+    /// The loaded raster reuses the decoder's provider verbatim — byte
+    /// equality is the no-resample guarantee (R5).
+    func testLoadedRasterSharesDecodedBytes() throws {
+        let url = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 32, height: 24), dpi: 300,
+            in: tempRoot)
+        let raster = try load(url)
+        let decoded = try decoded(url)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            raster.cgImage.dataProvider?.data as? Data,
+            decoded.dataProvider?.data as? Data)
+        XCTAssertEqual(raster.cgImage.colorSpace?.model, .rgb)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Rejections
+
+    func testAlphaTIFFThrowsUnsupportedLayout() throws {
+        let url = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 16, height: 16), dpi: 300,
+            components: 3, alpha: true, in: tempRoot)
+        XCTAssertThrowsError(try load(url)) { error in
+            guard case .unsupportedLayout(_, _, _, let hasAlpha) =
+                error as? TargetRasterError
+            else {
+                return XCTFail("expected unsupportedLayout, got \(error)")
+            }
+            XCTAssertTrue(hasAlpha)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func testDeviceTaggedRejectsFloat() throws {
+        var info = CGBitmapInfo(rawValue: CGImageAlphaInfo.none.rawValue)
+        info.insert(.floatComponents)
+        info.insert(.byteOrder32Little)
+        var bytes = [Float](repeating: 0.5, count: 4 * 4 * 3)
+        let floatImage = bytes.withUnsafeMutableBytes { buffer -> CGImage? in
+            CGImage(
+                width: 4, height: 4,
+                bitsPerComponent: 32, bitsPerPixel: 96,
+                bytesPerRow: 4 * 3 * 4,
+                space: CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB(),
+                bitmapInfo: info,
+                provider: CGDataProvider(data: Data(buffer) as CFData)!,
+                decode: nil, shouldInterpolate: false,
+                intent: .defaultIntent)
+        }
+        bytes = []
+        let image = try XCTUnwrap(floatImage)
+        XCTAssertNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceTagged(image))
+    }
+
+    func testDeviceTaggedRejectsIndexed() throws {
+        var table = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: 256 * 3)
+        let indexed = try XCTUnwrap(CGColorSpace(
+            indexedBaseSpace: CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB(),
+            last: 255, colorTable: &table))
+        let image = try XCTUnwrap(CGImage(
+            width: 8, height: 8,
+            bitsPerComponent: 8, bitsPerPixel: 8,
+            bytesPerRow: 8,
+            space: indexed,
+            bitmapInfo: CGBitmapInfo(),
+            provider: CGDataProvider(
+                data: Data(repeating: 7, count: 64) as CFData)!,
+            decode: nil, shouldInterpolate: false,
+            intent: .defaultIntent))
+        XCTAssertNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceTagged(image))
+    }
+
+    /// No 2-component `CGImage` is fabricatable through public API —
+    /// the rejection lives in `deviceSpace(for:)`, asserted here.
+    func testDeviceSpaceRejectsTwoAndFiveComponents() {
+        XCTAssertNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceSpace(for: 2))
+        XCTAssertNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceSpace(for: 0))
+        XCTAssertNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceSpace(for: 5))
+        XCTAssertNotNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceSpace(for: 1))
+        XCTAssertNotNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceSpace(for: 3))
+        XCTAssertNotNil(TargetRasterLoader.deviceSpace(for: 4))
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Manifest drift (D9)
+
+    func testManifestDriftWhenMismatch() throws {
+        let url = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 2480, height: 3508), dpi: 300,
+            in: tempRoot)
+        let raster = try TargetRasterLoader.load(
+            tiff: url, expectedWidthMm: 200, expectedHeightMm: 297)
+        XCTAssertNotNil(raster.manifestDrift)
+    }
+
+    func testManifestDriftNilWhenMatching() throws {
+        let url = try TargetTestFixtures.makeTIFF(
+            px: CGSize(width: 2480, height: 3508), dpi: 300,
+            in: tempRoot)
+        // 2480 px @300 dpi = 209.97 mm — inside the 0.5 mm band.
+        let raster = try TargetRasterLoader.load(
+            tiff: url, expectedWidthMm: 210, expectedHeightMm: 297)
+        XCTAssertNil(raster.manifestDrift)
+    }
+}

Tests/ICCeryCoreTests/TicketWriteResolverTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+import XCTest
+@testable import ICCeryCore
+@testable import ICCery
+
+/// Issue #201 Phase 4 — the resolved ticket-write list that replaces
+/// the `lp` argv goldens: locked order 1–10, D6 (Stage 2 always
+/// wins), `raw` can never appear.
+final class TicketWriteResolverTests: XCTestCase {
+
+    private func resolve(
+        overrides: TargetPrintOverrides = TargetPrintOverrides(),
+        optionKeys: Set<String> = []
+    ) -> ResolvedTicketWrites {
+        TicketWriteResolver.resolve(
+            overrides: overrides, optionKeys: optionKeys)
+    }
+
+    private func keys(_ r: ResolvedTicketWrites) -> [String] {
+        r.writes.map(\.key)
+    }
+
+    private func value(
+        _ key: String, in r: ResolvedTicketWrites
+    ) -> String? {
+        r.writes.first { $0.key == key }?.value
+    }
+
+    /// Both AP_* spellings are always present and locked; all three
+    /// Quartz keys are always present (D2 dual vocabulary).
+    func testColourKeysAlwaysPresent() {
+        let r = resolve()
+        let ap = r.writes.filter {
+            ColorMatchingAttempts.printSettingsKeys.contains($0.key)
+        }
+        XCTAssertEqual(ap.count, 2)
+        XCTAssertTrue(ap.allSatisfy {
+            $0.locked
+                && $0.value == "AP_ApplicationColorMatching"
+        })
+        XCTAssertEqual(value("PMColorMatchingMode", in: r),
+            "APCustomColorMatching")
+        XCTAssertEqual(value("PMCustomColorMatchingProfile", in: r), "")
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            value("com.apple.print.PrintSettings.PMColorMatchingMode",
+                  in: r),
+            "APCustomColorMatching")
+        // The Quartz mode key is locked; profile + legacy key are not.
+        XCTAssertTrue(r.writes.first { $0.key == "PMColorMatchingMode" }!
+            .locked)
+        XCTAssertFalse(r.writes.first {
+            $0.key == "PMCustomColorMatchingProfile" }!.locked)
+        XCTAssertFalse(r.writes.first {
+            $0.key == "com.apple.print.PrintSettings.PMColorMatchingMode"
+        }!.locked)
+    }
+
+    /// `raw` can never appear — there is no `lp` and the resolver has
+    /// no captured-options input that could smuggle it in (#92).
+    func testRawNeverAppears() {
+        for optionKeys in [Set<String>(), ["raw"],
+                           ["MediaType", "raw"]] {
+            let r = resolve(
+                overrides: TargetPrintOverrides(
+                    paperSize: "raw", mediaType: "raw",
+                    qualityKey: "raw", quality: "raw",
+                    orientation: "raw"),
+                optionKeys: optionKeys)
+            XCTAssertFalse(r.writes.contains {
+                $0.key.lowercased() == "raw"
+            })
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// D6 inversion — the deleted argv builder suppressed the Stage 2
+    /// value when the captured string already carried the key (the old
+    /// media branch at `build`'s line 81). There is no captured-wins
+    /// path any more:
+    /// the explicit Stage 2 value is emitted unconditionally.
+    func testStage2MediaTypeAlwaysWins() {
+        let r = resolve(
+            overrides: TargetPrintOverrides(mediaType: "Matte"),
+            optionKeys: ["MediaType"])
+        XCTAssertEqual(value("MediaType", in: r), "Matte")
+        // …and likewise for a vendor key — nothing consults captured
+        // options before writing.
+        let epson = resolve(
+            overrides: TargetPrintOverrides(mediaType: "Matte"),
+            optionKeys: ["EPIJ_Medi"])
+        XCTAssertEqual(value("EPIJ_Medi", in: epson), "Matte")
+    }
+
+    /// Vendor media-key selection follows `CupsParsers.mediaTypeKeys`:
+    /// `EPIJ_Medi` is picked when present; `CNIJMediaType` beats
+    /// `MediaType`.
+    func testVendorMediaKeySelection() {
+        let epson = resolve(
+            overrides: TargetPrintOverrides(mediaType: "Photo"),
+            optionKeys: ["EPIJ_Medi", "MediaType"])
+        XCTAssertEqual(value("EPIJ_Medi", in: epson), "Photo")
+        XCTAssertNil(value("MediaType", in: epson))
+
+        let canon = resolve(
+            overrides: TargetPrintOverrides(mediaType: "Photo"),
+            optionKeys: ["CNIJMediaType", "MediaType"])
+        XCTAssertEqual(value("CNIJMediaType", in: canon), "Photo")
+        XCTAssertNil(value("MediaType", in: canon))
+    }
+
+    /// Driver "no colour adjustment" bypass — Canon, Epson (CCor
+    /// preferred over CMat), Gutenprint — always unlocked and never
+    /// gated on `ppdUncorrectedPassthrough`.
+    func testDriverBypass() {
+        let canon = resolve(optionKeys: ["CNIJIntent2"])
+        XCTAssertEqual(value("CNIJIntent2", in: canon), "4")
+        XCTAssertFalse(canon.writes.first { $0.key == "CNIJIntent2" }!
+            .locked)
+
+        let epson = resolve(optionKeys: ["EPIJ_CCor", "EPIJ_CMat"])
+        XCTAssertEqual(value("EPIJ_CCor", in: epson), "0")
+        XCTAssertNil(value("EPIJ_CMat", in: epson))
+
+        let epsonMat = resolve(optionKeys: ["EPIJ_CMat"])
+        XCTAssertEqual(value("EPIJ_CMat", in: epsonMat), "3")
+
+        let gutenprint = resolve(optionKeys: ["StpColorCorrection"])
+        XCTAssertEqual(value("StpColorCorrection", in: gutenprint),
+            "Uncorrected")
+
+        XCTAssertNil(value("EPIJ_CMat", in: resolve()))
+    }
+
+    /// Orientation: landscape → 4, portrait → 3, nil → no write.
+    func testOrientation() {
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            value("orientation-requested", in: resolve(
+                overrides: TargetPrintOverrides(
+                    orientation: "landscape"))),
+            "4")
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            value("orientation-requested", in: resolve(
+                overrides: TargetPrintOverrides(
+                    orientation: "portrait"))),
+            "3")
+        XCTAssertNil(value("orientation-requested", in: resolve()))
+    }
+
+    /// A `nil` override emits no write for that key; quality needs
+    /// **both** the detected key and the value.
+    func testNilOverridesEmitNoWrite() {
+        let r = resolve(optionKeys: ["MediaType", "EPIJ_Qual"])
+        XCTAssertNil(value("PageSize", in: r))
+        XCTAssertNil(value("MediaType", in: r))
+        XCTAssertNil(value("EPIJ_Qual", in: r))
+        XCTAssertNil(value("orientation-requested", in: r))
+        XCTAssertNil(r.paperToken)
+        XCTAssertNil(r.orientation)
+
+        let keyOnly = resolve(
+            overrides: TargetPrintOverrides(qualityKey: "EPIJ_Qual"),
+            optionKeys: ["EPIJ_Qual"])
+        XCTAssertNil(value("EPIJ_Qual", in: keyOnly))
+        let valueOnly = resolve(
+            overrides: TargetPrintOverrides(quality: "305"),
+            optionKeys: ["EPIJ_Qual"])
+        XCTAssertNil(value("EPIJ_Qual", in: valueOnly))
+        // An empty paper token emits no write and no paperToken.
+        let emptyPaper = resolve(
+            overrides: TargetPrintOverrides(paperSize: ""))
+        XCTAssertNil(value("PageSize", in: emptyPaper))
+        XCTAssertNil(emptyPaper.paperToken)
+    }
+
+    /// The write list equals the locked 1–10 order, exactly.
+    func testLockedWriteOrder() {
+        let r = resolve(
+            overrides: TargetPrintOverrides(
+                paperSize: "A4", mediaType: "Photo",
+                qualityKey: "EPIJ_Qual", quality: "305",
+                orientation: "landscape"),
+            optionKeys: ["MediaType", "EPIJ_Qual", "EPIJ_CMat"])
+        XCTAssertEqual(keys(r), [
+            "AP_ColorMatchingMode",
+            "AP.ColorMatchingMode",
+            "PMColorMatchingMode",
+            "PMCustomColorMatchingProfile",
+            "com.apple.print.PrintSettings.PMColorMatchingMode",
+            "PageSize",
+            "MediaType",
+            "EPIJ_Qual",
+            "EPIJ_CMat",
+            "orientation-requested",
+        ])
+        XCTAssertEqual(r.paperToken, "A4")
+        XCTAssertEqual(r.orientation, "landscape")
+    }
+}

Tests/ICCeryUITests/Fixtures/bin/lp

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-# Mock lp for Milestone3UITests. Appends its full argv to
-# ICCERY_TEST_LP_ARGV so the test can assert flag order and option
-# replay, then exits 0 (or ICCERY_MOCK_LP_EXIT for failure injection).
-{
-  printf 'lp'
-  for arg in "$@"; do printf ' %s' "$arg"; done
-  printf '\n'
-} >> "${ICCERY_TEST_LP_ARGV:-/dev/null}"
-if [ "${ICCERY_MOCK_LP_EXIT:-0}" -ne 0 ]; then
-  echo "mock lp failure" >&2
-  exit "$ICCERY_MOCK_LP_EXIT"
-fi
-exit 0

Tests/ICCeryUITests/Fixtures/bin/lpoptions

@@ -22,5 +22,5 @@ if [ "$list" = "1" ]; then
   printf 'ColorModel/Output Mode: *RGB Gray\n'
   exit 0
 fi
-printf "printer-info='Mock %s' printer-type=42\n" "$queue"
+printf "printer-info='Mock %s' printer-make-and-model='EPSON XP-55 Series' printer-type=42\n" "$queue"
 exit 0

Tests/ICCeryUITests/Fixtures/bin/lpstat

@@ -12,6 +12,12 @@ case "$1" in
   -d)
     printf 'system default destination: Mock_Epson_7450\n'
     ;;
+  -v)
+    # Mock_Canon_Pro is the AirPrint fixture queue (#202): local
+    # unencrypted ipp:// resolved via the _universal mDNS subtype.
+    printf 'device for Mock_Epson_7450: usb://EPSON/XP-55%%20Series?serial=MOCK123\n'
+    printf 'device for Mock_Canon_Pro: ipp://Mock%%20Canon%%20Pro._universal._sub._ipp._tcp.local./\n'
+    ;;
   *)
     exit 1
     ;;

Tests/ICCeryUITests/Fixtures/bin/printtarg

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #!/bin/sh
-# Mock printtarg for Milestone2UITests. Writes one 2x2 TIFF, a pretty
+# Mock printtarg for Milestone2UITests. Writes N 2x2 TIFFs, a pretty
 # manifest on stdout, and a fake .ti2 next to the basename (last argv).
+# N defaults to 1; ICCERY_MOCK_PRINTTARG_PAGES raises it for the
+# single-spool-job granularity test (#201 D5).
 # Exit code is overridable via ICCERY_MOCK_PRINTTARG_EXIT.
 last=""
 for arg in "$@"; do last="$arg"; done
@@ -8,7 +10,16 @@ if [ "${ICCERY_MOCK_PRINTTARG_EXIT:-0}" -ne 0 ]; then
   echo "mock printtarg failure" >&2
   exit "$ICCERY_MOCK_PRINTTARG_EXIT"
 fi
-echo 'SUkqAAgAAAAKAAABAwABAAAAAgAAAAEBAwABAAAAAgAAAAIBAwABAAAACAAAAAMBAwABAAAAAQAAAAYBAwABAAAAAQAAABEBBAABAAAAhgAAABUBAwABAAAAAQAAABYBAwABAAAAAgAAABcBBAABAAAABAAAABwBAwABAAAAAQAAAAAAAAA8eLTw' | /usr/bin/base64 -D > "page1.tif"
-printf '{\n  "event": "manifest",\n  "pages": [\n    {"filename": "page1.tif", "patches": 4, "width_mm": 210, "height_mm": 297}\n  ]\n}\n'
+pages="${ICCERY_MOCK_PRINTTARG_PAGES:-1}"
+i=1
+printf '{\n  "event": "manifest",\n  "pages": [\n'
+while [ "$i" -le "$pages" ]; do
+  echo 'SUkqAAgAAAAKAAABAwABAAAAAgAAAAEBAwABAAAAAgAAAAIBAwABAAAACAAAAAMBAwABAAAAAQAAAAYBAwABAAAAAQAAABEBBAABAAAAhgAAABUBAwABAAAAAQAAABYBAwABAAAAAgAAABcBBAABAAAABAAAABwBAwABAAAAAQAAAAAAAAA8eLTw' | /usr/bin/base64 -D > "page$i.tif"
+  sep=","
+  if [ "$i" -eq "$pages" ]; then sep=""; fi
+  printf '    {"filename": "page%s.tif", "patches": 4, "width_mm": 210, "height_mm": 297}%s\n' "$i" "$sep"
+  i=$((i + 1))
+done
+printf '  ]\n}\n'
 touch "$last.ti2"
 exit 0

Tests/ICCeryUITests/Milestone11PrintSettingsUITests.swift

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ final class Milestone11PrintSettingsUITests: XCTestCase {
     private var testRoot: URL!
     private var binDir: URL!
     private var workDir: URL!
-    private var lpArgvURL: URL!
+    private var spoolLogURL: URL!
 
     override func setUp() async throws {
         continueAfterFailure = false
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ final class Milestone11PrintSettingsUITests: XCTestCase {
             .deletingLastPathComponent()
             .appendingPathComponent("Fixtures/bin")
         workDir = testRoot.appendingPathComponent("work")
-        lpArgvURL = testRoot.appendingPathComponent("lp-argv.log")
+        spoolLogURL = testRoot.appendingPathComponent("spool.log")
         try FileManager.default.createDirectory(
             at: workDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ final class Milestone11PrintSettingsUITests: XCTestCase {
             "ICCERY_TEST_SAVE_TARGET":
                 workDir.appendingPathComponent("mytarget.ti1").path,
             "ICCERY_TEST_WORKDIR": workDir.path,
-            "ICCERY_TEST_LP_ARGV": lpArgvURL.path,
+            "ICCERY_TEST_SPOOL_LOG": spoolLogURL.path,
         ]
     }
 
@@ -75,14 +75,33 @@ final class Milestone11PrintSettingsUITests: XCTestCase {
         _ = waitFor("galleryPage-0", timeout: 25)
     }
 
-    private func waitForLpLine(_ timeout: TimeInterval = 10) -> String {
+    private func spoolLogLines() -> [String] {
+        ((try? String(contentsOf: spoolLogURL, encoding: .utf8)) ?? "")
+            .split(separator: "\n").map(String.init)
+    }
+
+    private func waitForSpoolLine(_ timeout: TimeInterval = 10) -> String {
         let deadline = Date().addingTimeInterval(timeout)
         while Date() < deadline {
-            let out = (try? String(contentsOf: lpArgvURL, encoding: .utf8)) ?? ""
-            if !out.isEmpty { return out }
+            let lines = spoolLogLines()
+            if !lines.isEmpty { return lines.joined(separator: "\n") }
             RunLoop.current.run(until: Date().addingTimeInterval(0.1))
         }
-        return (try? String(contentsOf: lpArgvURL, encoding: .utf8)) ?? ""
+        return spoolLogLines().joined(separator: "\n")
+    }
+
+    /// Poll until the spool log holds at least `count` lines.
+    @discardableResult
+    private func waitForSpoolLineCount(
+        _ count: Int, timeout: TimeInterval = 15
+    ) -> [String] {
+        let deadline = Date().addingTimeInterval(timeout)
+        while Date() < deadline {
+            let lines = spoolLogLines()
+            if lines.count >= count { return lines }
+            RunLoop.current.run(until: Date().addingTimeInterval(0.1))
+        }
+        return spoolLogLines()
     }
 
     // MARK: - Tests
@@ -163,8 +182,8 @@ final class Milestone11PrintSettingsUITests: XCTestCase {
     }
 
     /// The stubbed panel result's captured `PageSize=`/`EPIJ_Qual=`
-    /// apply back into the Stage 2 pickers and reach the `lp` argv
-    /// (R15 — the real modal is never driven).
+    /// apply back into the Stage 2 pickers and reach the recorded
+    /// ticket writes (#201 — the real modal is never driven).
     func testPanelResultAppliesBackToPickers() throws {
         app.launchEnvironment["ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL"] = "ok"
         app.launchEnvironment["ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS"] =
@@ -183,9 +202,80 @@ final class Milestone11PrintSettingsUITests: XCTestCase {
         XCTAssertEqual(selection(of: "printerQualitySelect"), "305")
 
         app.buttons["btnPrintAll"].click()
-        let argv = waitForLpLine()
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("PageSize=Letter"), argv)
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("EPIJ_Qual=305"), argv)
+        let log = waitForSpoolLine()
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("PageSize=Letter"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("EPIJ_Qual=305"), log)
+    }
+
+    /// #186 — the stubbed panel result's `orientation-requested=` /
+    /// `MediaType=` apply back to the Stage 2 selections and reach the
+    /// recorded ticket writes via the Stage 2 overrides (#201 D6).
+    func testPanelResultAppliesBackOrientationAndMedia() throws {
+        app.launchEnvironment["ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL"] = "ok"
+        app.launchEnvironment["ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS"] =
+            "PageSize=Letter EPIJ_Qual=305 orientation-requested=4 MediaType=PhotographicGlossy"
+        launchAppWithDefaults()
+        reachPrintPanel()
+        _ = waitFor("printerStatusBadge")
+
+        element("btnPrinterProperties").click()
+        let notice = element("printNotificationText")
+        XCTAssertTrue(notice.waitForExistence(timeout: 10))
+        XCTAssertTrue((notice.value as? String ?? "")
+            .contains("Settings captured"))
+
+        // `printerMediaTypeSelect` is the group's id — the popup is a
+        // descendant (stacked identifiers collapse to the container).
+        // The popup's AX title lags the binding — poll for the
+        // apply-back value.
+        let mediaPopup = element("printerMediaTypeSelect")
+            .descendants(matching: .popUpButton).firstMatch
+        XCTAssertTrue(mediaPopup.waitForExistence(timeout: 5))
+        var mediaSelection = ""
+        let deadline = Date().addingTimeInterval(10)
+        while Date() < deadline, mediaSelection != "PhotographicGlossy" {
+            mediaSelection = [
+                mediaPopup.title, mediaPopup.label,
+                mediaPopup.value as? String ?? "",
+            ].first { !$0.isEmpty } ?? ""
+            RunLoop.current.run(until: Date().addingTimeInterval(0.2))
+        }
+        XCTAssertEqual(mediaSelection, "PhotographicGlossy")
+        XCTAssertEqual(selection(of: "printerPaperSizeSelect"), "Letter")
+
+        app.buttons["btnPrintAll"].click()
+        let log = waitForSpoolLine()
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("orientation-requested=4"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("MediaType=PhotographicGlossy"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("PageSize=Letter"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("EPIJ_Qual=305"), log)
+    }
+
+    /// #201 D5 — per-page mode records one line per page; the
+    /// `chkSingleSpoolJob` toggle collapses the job into a single
+    /// request logged once with `pages=N`.
+    func testSingleSpoolJobTogglesGranularity() throws {
+        app.launchEnvironment["ICCERY_MOCK_PRINTTARG_PAGES"] = "2"
+        launchAppWithDefaults()
+        reachPrintPanel()
+        _ = waitFor("printerStatusBadge")
+        XCTAssertTrue(element("chkSingleSpoolJob").exists)
+
+        // Default off → one request per page → one line per page.
+        app.buttons["btnPrintAll"].click()
+        var lines = waitForSpoolLineCount(2)
+        XCTAssertEqual(lines.count, 2)
+        XCTAssertTrue(lines.allSatisfy { $0.contains("pages=1") },
+                      lines.joined(separator: "\n"))
+
+        // Toggle on → one request for all pages → a single line.
+        element("chkSingleSpoolJob").click()
+        app.buttons["btnPrintAll"].click()
+        lines = waitForSpoolLineCount(3)
+        XCTAssertEqual(lines.count, 3)
+        XCTAssertEqual(
+            lines.filter { $0.contains("pages=2") }.count, 1,
+            lines.joined(separator: "\n"))
     }
 
     private func launchAppWithDefaults() {

Tests/ICCeryUITests/Milestone12AirPrintUITests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+import XCTest
+
+/// Milestone 12 UI tests — #202 AirPrint queue detection. The mock
+/// `lpstat -v` fixture reports `Mock_Canon_Pro` as a local unencrypted
+/// `ipp://` queue resolved via the `_universal._sub._ipp._tcp` mDNS
+/// subtype (rule 5), while `Mock_Epson_7450` is a plain USB raster
+/// queue — so the badge must track the picker selection.
+@MainActor
+final class Milestone12AirPrintUITests: XCTestCase {
+
+    private var app: XCUIApplication!
+    private var testRoot: URL!
+    private var binDir: URL!
+    private var workDir: URL!
+    private var spoolLogURL: URL!
+
+    override func setUp() async throws {
+        continueAfterFailure = false
+        testRoot = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+            .appendingPathComponent("iccery-ui12-\(UUID().uuidString)")
+        binDir = URL(fileURLWithPath: #filePath)
+            .deletingLastPathComponent()
+            .appendingPathComponent("Fixtures/bin")
+        workDir = testRoot.appendingPathComponent("work")
+        spoolLogURL = testRoot.appendingPathComponent("spool.log")
+        try FileManager.default.createDirectory(
+            at: workDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+
+        app = XCUIApplication()
+        app.launchEnvironment = [
+            "ICCERY_UI_TESTING": "1",
+            "ICCERY_TEST_ROOT": testRoot.path,
+            "ICCERY_ARGYLL_BINARY_DIR": binDir.path,
+            "ICCERY_CUPS_BIN_DIR": binDir.path,
+            "ICCERY_TEST_SAVE_TARGET":
+                workDir.appendingPathComponent("mytarget.ti1").path,
+            "ICCERY_TEST_WORKDIR": workDir.path,
+            "ICCERY_TEST_SPOOL_LOG": spoolLogURL.path,
+        ]
+    }
+
+    override func tearDown() async throws {
+        app?.terminate()
+        app = nil
+        if let testRoot {
+            try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: testRoot)
+        }
+        testRoot = nil
+    }
+
+    private func element(_ id: String) -> XCUIElement {
+        let inApp = app.descendants(matching: .any)[id]
+        if inApp.exists { return inApp }
+        return app.sheets.firstMatch.descendants(matching: .any)[id]
+    }
+
+    private func waitFor(_ id: String, timeout: TimeInterval = 15) -> XCUIElement {
+        let deadline = Date().addingTimeInterval(timeout)
+        while Date() < deadline {
+            let el = element(id)
+            if el.exists { return el }
+            RunLoop.current.run(until: Date().addingTimeInterval(0.1))
+        }
+        let el = element(id)
+        XCTAssertTrue(el.exists, "Expected element \(id)")
+        return el
+    }
+
+    /// Poll until `id` no longer resolves — the badge is conditionally
+    /// rendered, so absence is only meaningful after a settle window.
+    private func waitForAbsence(_ id: String, timeout: TimeInterval = 5) {
+        let deadline = Date().addingTimeInterval(timeout)
+        while Date() < deadline {
+            if !element(id).exists { return }
+            RunLoop.current.run(until: Date().addingTimeInterval(0.1))
+        }
+        XCTAssertFalse(element(id).exists, "Element \(id) should be absent")
+    }
+
+    /// Drive the app through targen + printtarg so the print panel is
+    /// live with a manifest.
+    private func reachPrintPanel() {
+        app.buttons["btnBrowse"].click()
+        app.buttons["btnGenerate"].click()
+        _ = waitFor("btnCreateLayout", timeout: 25)
+        app.buttons["btnCreateLayout"].click()
+        _ = waitFor("galleryPage-0", timeout: 25)
+    }
+
+    /// Select the printer-picker menu item whose title contains
+    /// `needle` (display names come from the `lpoptions` fixture).
+    private func selectPrinter(containing needle: String) {
+        let picker = app.popUpButtons["printerSelect"]
+        XCTAssertTrue(picker.waitForExistence(timeout: 10))
+        picker.click()
+        let item = app.menuItems
+            .matching(NSPredicate(format: "title CONTAINS %@", needle))
+            .firstMatch
+        XCTAssertTrue(item.waitForExistence(timeout: 5),
+                      "No printer menu item containing \(needle)")
+        item.click()
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Tests
+
+    /// The badge appears while the AirPrint fixture queue is selected
+    /// and is absent for the USB Epson — in both directions.
+    func testAirPrintBadgeTracksSelectedQueue() throws {
+        app.launch()
+        app.activate()
+        reachPrintPanel()
+        _ = waitFor("printerStatusBadge")
+
+        // Default queue is the USB Epson — no badge.
+        waitForAbsence("airPrintWarningBadge")
+
+        selectPrinter(containing: "Canon")
+        let badge = element("airPrintWarningBadge")
+        XCTAssertTrue(badge.waitForExistence(timeout: 10))
+        // StaticText exposes its content via AXValue, not the label.
+        let badgeText = [badge.value as? String, badge.label, badge.title]
+            .compactMap { $0 }
+            .first { !$0.isEmpty } ?? ""
+        XCTAssertTrue(
+            badgeText.contains(
+                "AirPrint queue — unmanaged colour cannot be guaranteed."),
+            "Unexpected badge text: \(badgeText)")
+
+        selectPrinter(containing: "Epson")
+        waitForAbsence("airPrintWarningBadge")
+    }
+}

Tests/ICCeryUITests/Milestone3UITests.swift

@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@ import XCTest
 /// Milestone 3 UI tests — issue #17 print panel end-to-end with mock
 /// CUPS binaries and a stubbed `NSPrintPanel`. The real panel is a
 /// system modal XCUITest cannot drive; `ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL`
-/// returns a canned `PrintPropertiesResult` instead. Mock `lp` appends
-/// its argv to `ICCERY_TEST_LP_ARGV` for assertions — that file is the
-/// evidence that captured options are replayed (docs/11 §tests).
+/// returns a canned `PrintPropertiesResult` instead. The DEBUG
+/// `RecordingTargetSpooler` appends one resolved-ticket line per
+/// request to `ICCERY_TEST_SPOOL_LOG` (#201 D8) — that file is the
+/// evidence that the Stage 2 selections reach the spool.
 @MainActor
 final class Milestone3UITests: XCTestCase {
 
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ final class Milestone3UITests: XCTestCase {
     private var testRoot: URL!
     private var binDir: URL!
     private var workDir: URL!
-    private var lpArgvURL: URL!
+    private var spoolLogURL: URL!
 
     override func setUp() async throws {
         continueAfterFailure = false
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ final class Milestone3UITests: XCTestCase {
             .deletingLastPathComponent()
             .appendingPathComponent("Fixtures/bin")
         workDir = testRoot.appendingPathComponent("work")
-        lpArgvURL = testRoot.appendingPathComponent("lp-argv.log")
+        spoolLogURL = testRoot.appendingPathComponent("spool.log")
         try FileManager.default.createDirectory(
             at: workDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
 
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ final class Milestone3UITests: XCTestCase {
             "ICCERY_TEST_SAVE_TARGET":
                 workDir.appendingPathComponent("mytarget.ti1").path,
             "ICCERY_TEST_WORKDIR": workDir.path,
-            "ICCERY_TEST_LP_ARGV": lpArgvURL.path,
+            "ICCERY_TEST_SPOOL_LOG": spoolLogURL.path,
         ]
     }
 
@@ -99,18 +100,18 @@ final class Milestone3UITests: XCTestCase {
         _ = waitFor("galleryPage-0", timeout: 25)
     }
 
-    private func recordedLpArgv() -> String {
-        (try? String(contentsOf: lpArgvURL, encoding: .utf8)) ?? ""
+    private func recordedSpoolLog() -> String {
+        (try? String(contentsOf: spoolLogURL, encoding: .utf8)) ?? ""
     }
 
-    private func waitForLpLine(_ timeout: TimeInterval = 10) -> String {
+    private func waitForSpoolLine(_ timeout: TimeInterval = 10) -> String {
         let deadline = Date().addingTimeInterval(timeout)
         while Date() < deadline {
-            let out = recordedLpArgv()
+            let out = recordedSpoolLog()
             if !out.isEmpty { return out }
             RunLoop.current.run(until: Date().addingTimeInterval(0.1))
         }
-        return recordedLpArgv()
+        return recordedSpoolLog()
     }
 
     /// Drags `#galleryPage-0`'s TIFF upward so `identifier`'s button
@@ -203,10 +204,13 @@ final class Milestone3UITests: XCTestCase {
         XCTAssertEqual(element("printNotificationIcon").value as? String, "info")
     }
 
-    /// Preferences OK → captured options are replayed verbatim in the
-    /// `lp` argv alongside the two mandatory AP_* headers (issue 17's
-    /// acceptance test: "captured options replayed in argv").
-    func testCapturedOptionsReplayedInLpArgv() throws {
+    /// Preferences OK → the captured media selection applies back to
+    /// Stage 2 and reaches the recorded ticket writes alongside the
+    /// mandatory colour keys (issue 17's acceptance test, ported to
+    /// the native spool seam in #201). The captured `InputSlot` is no
+    /// longer replayed — captured vendor state lives inside the
+    /// `PrintTicket`, which the stub deliberately does not produce.
+    func testPanelSelectionsApplyBackToSpoolWrites() throws {
         app.launchEnvironment["ICCERY_TEST_PRINT_PANEL"] = "ok"
         app.launchEnvironment["ICCERY_TEST_PANEL_OPTIONS"] =
             "InputSlot=Rear MediaType=PhotographicGlossy"
@@ -221,20 +225,17 @@ final class Milestone3UITests: XCTestCase {
             .contains("Settings captured"))
 
         app.buttons["btnPrintAll"].click()
-        let argv = waitForLpLine()
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains(
-            "AP_ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching"), argv)
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains(
-            "AP.ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching"), argv)
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("InputSlot=Rear"), argv)
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("MediaType=PhotographicGlossy"), argv)
+        let log = waitForSpoolLine()
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains(
+            "AP_ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains(
+            "AP.ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("MediaType=PhotographicGlossy"), log)
         // Detected bypass for the mock queue (EPIJ_CMat present in
-        // lpoptions -l) is appended when not captured.
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("EPIJ_CMat=3"), argv)
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("orientation-requested=3"), argv)
-        // Last token is the TIFF.
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
-            .hasSuffix("page1.tif"), argv)
+        // lpoptions -l) is always written.
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("EPIJ_CMat=3"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("orientation-requested=3"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("page=page1.tif"), log)
     }
 
     /// Per-page print uses the same spool path (btnPrintPage-N).
@@ -262,14 +263,16 @@ final class Milestone3UITests: XCTestCase {
             return
         }
         printPage.click()
-        let argv = waitForLpLine()
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("AP_ColorMatchingMode"), argv)
-        XCTAssertTrue(argv.contains("page1.tif"), argv)
+        let log = waitForSpoolLine()
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("AP_ColorMatchingMode"), log)
+        XCTAssertTrue(log.contains("page=page1.tif"), log)
     }
 
-    /// lp failure surfaces in the in-panel notice, not the wizard banner.
-    func testLpFailureShowsPrintNotice() throws {
-        app.launchEnvironment["ICCERY_MOCK_LP_EXIT"] = "1"
+    /// A spool failure surfaces in the in-panel notice, not the
+    /// wizard banner (`ICCERY_TEST_SPOOL_FAIL` makes the recording
+    /// spooler throw `TargetSpoolError.operationFailed`).
+    func testSpoolFailureShowsPrintNotice() throws {
+        app.launchEnvironment["ICCERY_TEST_SPOOL_FAIL"] = "1"
         launchApp()
         reachPrintPanel()
         _ = waitFor("printerStatusBadge")
@@ -290,7 +293,7 @@ final class Milestone3UITests: XCTestCase {
         _ = waitFor("printerStatusBadge")
 
         app.buttons["btnPrintAll"].click()
-        _ = waitForLpLine()
+        _ = waitForSpoolLine()
         let stateURL = testRoot
             .appendingPathComponent("AppData")
             .appendingPathComponent("wizard_state.json")

docs/10-print-system.md

@@ -71,7 +71,10 @@ AGENTS.md warns: adding fields requires updating **every** platform constructor
 | `media_types` | `Vec<PrinterMediaType>` | `#[serde(default)]`. Frontend fills `#printerMediaTypeSelect`. |
 | `supports_orientation` | `bool` | Always `true` on both Windows and Unix. |
 
-### `PrintOptions` (mod.rs:42–55) — `Default` + `PartialEq + Eq`
+### `PrintOptions` (mod.rs:42–55) — `Default` + `PartialEq + Eq` — historical v1
+
+> The `lp`/`-o` columns below describe the v0.8.5 spool contract. v2.0
+> replaced the macOS `lp` path with a headless `NSPrintOperation` (#201).
 
 | Field | Type | Windows | Linux | macOS |
 |-------|------|---------|-------|-------|

docs/11-print-macos.md

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ This is the most implementation-sensitive chapter. A rewrite that opens System S
 - `NSWorkspace` open of the printer
 - `lpoptions` GUI
 
-Linux/Windows do not share this panel. Default button title is **"Use Settings"** (macos.rs:439) — this is a settings-capture dialog, not a print-now dialog. Actual spooling is a later `lp` invocation.
+Linux/Windows do not share this panel. Default button title is **"Use Settings"** (macos.rs:439) — this is a settings-capture dialog, not a print-now dialog. Actual spooling is a later, separate step — in v2.0 a headless `NSPrintOperation` (#201; v1 used `lp`).
 
 Must run on the Cocoa main thread. `show_printer_properties` (macos.rs:689-710):
 
@@ -68,34 +68,31 @@ if pm_printer was created from ID:
 
 `PMPrinter` from `PMPrinterCreateFromPrinterID` is released with `PMRelease` on all exit paths (cancel, error, success). The NSPrinter fallback path leaves `pm_printer` null so no release.
 
-### ColorSync suppression strategy — UI click to `lp`
+### ColorSync suppression strategy — UI click to `NSPrintOperation`
 
-End-to-end, **six independent layers**. All of them exist because no single Apple API is sufficient across Epson PDE / Canon PDE / `cgpdftoraster` / CUPS.
+End-to-end, **seven independent layers**. All of them exist because no single Apple API is sufficient across Epson PDE / Canon PDE / `cgpdftoraster` / CUPS. v2.0 (#201) replaced the `lp` tail with a headless `NSPrintOperation` that replays a captured `PMPrintSettings`/`PMPageFormat` ticket — layer ⑦ is new.
 
 ```
 [Preferences click]
-    show_printer_properties
-        run_on_main_thread
-            run_native_print_panel
-                ① PMSessionSetCurrentPMPrinter          bind queue
+    PrintSessionViewModel.openPrinterPreferences
+        PrintPanelService.showProperties
+            runNativePanel
+                ① PMPrinterCreateFromPrinterID + PMSessionSetCurrentPMPrinter   bind queue
                 ② set_session_color_matching_mode SPI   gray out PDE Color Matching
                 ③ PMPrintSettingsSetValue               AP_ColorMatchingMode + dotted
                 ④ detect_driver_color_bypass → SetValue pre-select Canon/Epson/Gutenprint "off"
                 ⑤ NSPrintInfo.printSettings dictionary  same keys for AppKit PDEs
-                NSPrintPanel.runModalWithPrintInfo
+                ⑤′ ColorSyncSuppressor.applyQuartzMode   PMColorMatchingMode + legacy + nested mirror
+                NSPrintPanel.runModal("Use Settings")
                 user picks media / quality (color locked)
-                ⑥ PMPrintSettingsToOptions → filter → PrintPropertiesResult
+                ⑥ PMPrintSettingsToOptions → filter → Stage 2 mirror
+                ⑦ PMTicketBridge.serialise(printInfo) → PrintTicket          ticket capture
 [frontend]
-    capturedCupsOptions[printer] = cups_options
+    capturedCupsOptions[queue] = mirror   +   capturedTickets[queue] = ticket
 [Print Target]
-    print_target_native → macos::print_target → build_lp_args
-        ALWAYS  -o AP_ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching
-        ALWAYS  -o AP.ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching
-        THEN    captured cups_options as -o k=v
-        THEN    media_type if not already present (detected key)
-        THEN    detect_driver_color_bypass if no color-bypass key yet
-        THEN    orientation / PageSize if not already present
-        lp -d <queue> -t "ICCery Target - …" … <tiff>
+    PrintSessionViewModel → TargetPrintRequest → NativeTargetSpooler.spool
+        restore ticket → Stage 2 writes → NSPrintOperation.runOperation
+        (S1–S14 below — 1:1, device colour space, panels off)
 ```
 
 Linux uses `-o raw` instead of AP_* flags. macOS **does not** use `-o raw`: a raw queue would skip the raster filter that actually understands `AP_ColorMatchingMode`. The macOS strategy is "tell the filter the application already matched color", not "skip the filter".
@@ -161,7 +158,7 @@ AGENTS.md:118, macos.rs:82-88:
 | `AP_ColorSyncMatching` | **Avoided.** ColorSync applies the printer/display profile. Patches become color-managed. |
 | `AP_VendorColorMatching` | **Avoided.** Epson/Canon driver color engine (ICM inside the PDE). Same corruption. |
 
-ICCery-CPU uses a **different** vocabulary (`APCustomColorMatching` / `APColorSync` / `APPrinterExtension` on `PMColorMatchingMode`). See the CPU section. Do not mix the two dictionaries.
+ICCery-CPU uses a **different** vocabulary (`APCustomColorMatching` / `APColorSync` / `APPrinterExtension` on `PMColorMatchingMode`). See the CPU section. v1 kept the two dictionaries on separate paths (`lp` vs Quartz); v2.0 (#201, D2) has a single native path that writes **both** vocabularies — layer ⑤′ below.
 
 ### Layer ③ — `PMPrintSettingsSetValue` (macos.rs:357-375)
 
@@ -204,6 +201,18 @@ print_settings.insert(<bypass_key>, <bypass_val>)
 
 `NSString` is transmuted to `&AnyObject` for the dictionary (`macos.rs:414-416`).
 
+### Layer ⑤′ — Quartz vocabulary (v2.0, #201 D2)
+
+With `lp` gone there is a single native path, and it carries **both**
+dictionaries. `ColorSyncSuppressor.applyQuartzMode` additionally writes the
+Quartz/`NSPrintOperation` vocabulary (docs/14 §7):
+
+- `PMColorMatchingMode` = `APCustomColorMatching`
+- `PMCustomColorMatchingProfile` = `""`
+- `com.apple.print.PrintSettings.PMColorMatchingMode` (legacy)
+- the same keys inside the nested `com.apple.print.printSettings`
+  sub-dictionary of `printInfo.dictionary()`
+
 ### Panel options (macos.rs:434-449)
 
 ```
@@ -231,9 +240,27 @@ After OK:
 
 Failure of `PMPrintSettingsToOptions` is a hard `Err`.
 
+### Layer ⑦ — ticket serialise/restore (v2.0, #201 D3)
+
+The layer-⑥ flattening is what lost the ticket (#201 root cause 1): it kept
+only a `key=value` string and `CupsOptionsFilter` drops every `com.apple.*`
+key, so `com.apple.print.PrintSettings` never survived. After the layer-⑥
+capture, `PMTicketBridge.serialise(printInfo, queue:)` now snapshots the
+whole ticket:
+
+1. `PMPrintSettingsCreateDataRepresentation(settings, &data, kPMDataFormatXMLDefault)` → `PrintTicket.printSettings`.
+2. `PMPageFormatCreateDataRepresentation` → `PrintTicket.pageFormat`.
+3. Binary-plist snapshot of `NSPrintInfo.dictionary()`, plist-filtered → `PrintTicket.printInfoPlist` — fallback only, never the primary restore path.
+
+`PrintTicket` is in-memory, session-only, keyed by queue. On spool,
+`PMTicketBridge.restore` replays it into the job's `NSPrintInfo`:
+`PM*CreateWithDataRepresentation` → `PMCopy*` → `PMSessionValidate*` →
+`updateFromPM*`. A ticket captured for queue A is never replayed onto
+queue B.
+
 ### `RELEVANT_CUPS_OPTION_KEYS` (macos.rs:142-174)
 
-Forwarded from the panel to `lp`:
+Captured from the panel into the Stage 2 mirror (v1 forwarded them to `lp`):
 
 ```
 Media:      MediaType, CNIJMediaType, EPIJ_Medi, StpMediaType
@@ -255,31 +282,38 @@ Duplex:     Duplex, sides
 - Drops `collate`, `copies`, `pserrorhandler-requested`, `job-sheets`
 - **Keeps unknown non-`com.*` keys** (permissive: unknown driver keys survive)
 
-### `build_lp_args` (macos.rs:518-643)
+### Native spool — S1–S14 (v2.0, #201)
 
-Always, even with `options=None`:
+`NativeTargetSpooler.spool(_:)` (app target, `Sources/ICCery/Print/` — `ICCeryCore` stays AppKit-free, D1). One `TargetPrintRequest` per page, or one per run when `singleJobForAllPages` is on (D5):
 
 ```
-lp -d <printer> -t "ICCery Target - <filename>"
-   -o AP_ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching
-   -o AP.ColorMatchingMode=AP_ApplicationColorMatching
-   … captured / detected options …
-   <tiff_path>
+S1  NSPrintInfo()
+S2  printInfo.printer = NSPrinter(name: queue) ?? NSPrinter(name: displayName)   [best effort]
+S3  PMTicketBridge.makePrinter(queue:) → bind(printer:to:)   ① + PMSessionDefault*
+S4  ticket != nil → PMTicketBridge.restore(ticket, into: printInfo)              ⑦′
+S5  TicketWriteResolver.resolve(...) → apply to PMPrintSettings + mirror dict    ③④⑤+D2
+S6  paper override → PMTicketBridge.applyPaper(token:…)
+S7  orientation → printInfo.orientation + orientation-requested
+S8  suppressor.applySPIMode(session)                                             ②
+S9  Cocoa geometry: margins 0, pagination .clip, scaling 1.0, centering off,
+    jobDisposition .spool (or .save + jobSavingURL under the PDF harness)
+S10 TargetRasterLoader.load(each page) → device-tagged CGImage + pointSize
+S11 TargetPageCanvasView(pages:paperSize: printInfo.paperSize)
+S12 NSPrintOperation(view:printInfo:) — panels off, jobTitle set
+S13 operation.runOperation() → false ⇒ throw TargetSpoolError.operationFailed
+S14 PMRelease the printer on every path (defer)
 ```
 
-Order after the two AP_* flags:
-
-1. Parse `opts.cups_options` into `-o k=v`, record lowercased keys in `added_keys`.
-2. If `media_type` set and none of `mediatype` / `cnijmediatype` / `epij_medi` / `stpmediatype` already added: `detect_media_type_key(lpoptions)` and add it.
-3. If no color-bypass key yet (`cnijintent2`, `cnijintent`, `epij_cmat`, `epij_ccor`, `epij_oscolmat`, `colorcorrection`, `stpcolorcorrection`, `epsoncolormode`): `detect_driver_color_bypass` and add. **Not gated on `ppd_uncorrected_passthrough`.**
-4. Orientation → `orientation-requested=4|3` unless already present.
-5. `PageSize=` unless `pagesize` already present.
-
-`ppd_uncorrected_passthrough` is stored from the panel but **does not change macOS lp flags**. There is no `-o raw` on macOS.
-
-### `print_target` (macos.rs:646-677)
-
-Exists-check, `build_lp_args`, `Command::new("lp").args(&args).output()`. Error wrapping same pattern as Unix (`"macOS CUPS print job failed: …"`).
+`TicketWriteResolver` produces the resolved write list as a pure value, in a
+locked order: both `AP_*` keys (locked) → the three Quartz keys (⑤′) →
+`PageSize` → the detected media key → the detected quality key → the driver
+colour bypass → `orientation-requested`. Stage 2 overrides **always win**
+over the rehydrated ticket (D6 — the v1 captured-wins inversion is gone);
+`raw` can never appear because there is no `lp`. Panels stay off
+(`showsPrintPanel` / `showsProgressPanel` false, `canSpawnSeparateThread`
+false); a multi-page job is one `TargetPageCanvasView` driven by
+`knowsPageRange` / `rectForPage`, drawing each page 1:1 top-left anchored
+with interpolation and antialiasing disabled (D9, docs/14 §6).
 
 ### Cancellation as `None`
 
@@ -295,19 +329,26 @@ The rewrite:
 - `display_name` fallback for `NSPrinter::printerWithName`.
 - Private SPI to lock Color Matching.
 - Dual AP_* keys (underscore + dotted).
-- Driver-specific PPD bypass pre-selected and re-applied on `lp`.
-- Capture via `PMPrintSettingsToOptions` into `capturedCupsOptions`.
+- Driver-specific PPD bypass pre-selected in the panel and re-applied on the spool ticket (v1 re-applied it on `lp`).
+- Capture via `PMPrintSettingsToOptions` into `capturedCupsOptions` (Stage 2 mirror) plus the `PrintTicket` serialise (layer ⑦, v2.0).
 
 `PMPrinter` lifetime is explicit `PMRelease` on every path. SPI is `dlsym`'d so missing symbols on old OS X do not prevent launch. Panel **must** be main-thread (`MainThreadMarker::new().ok_or("Print panel must be invoked on the main thread")`).
 
-### macOS tests (macos.rs:712-863 + tests.rs:278-318)
+### macOS tests — historical v1 (macos.rs:712-863 + tests.rs:278-318)
 
 - Filter drops `com.apple.*`, `collate`, `copies`, `AP_ColorMatchingMode`, empty `AP_D_InputSlot`; keeps `MediaType`, `EPIJ_CMat`, `PageSize`, `CNIJIntent2`, `ColorCorrection`.
 - `extract_media_type_from_options` prefers `MediaType` then `EPIJ_Medi`.
-- `build_lp_args` always contains both AP_* flags; captured options win over explicit `media_type` / orientation / auto color-bypass; last arg is the TIFF path.
+- `build_lp_args` always contains both AP_* flags; captured options win over explicit `media_type` / orientation / auto color-bypass; last arg is the TIFF path. (**Historical v1** — the captured-wins behaviour recorded here is #201 root cause 2; v2.0 inverts it: Stage 2 always wins, D6.)
 - `detect_driver_color_bypass` Canon `4`, Epson `3`, Gutenprint `Uncorrected`.
 - Missing TIFF errors.
 
+v2.0 replacements (`TicketWriteResolverTests`, `PrintTicketTests`,
+`TargetRasterTests`, `TargetCanvasGeometryTests`, `NativeSpoolPDFTests`):
+both AP_* keys locked + all three Quartz keys always present; Stage 2
+always wins (D6); `raw` never emitted; ticket serialise/restore
+round-trips bytes; 1:1 geometry and draw flags asserted against a real
+`.save`-to-PDF `NSPrintOperation`.
+
 ---
 
 ## ColorSync suppression — complete key/SPI/flag roster
@@ -338,7 +379,12 @@ PMRelease
 
 AppKit: `NSPrintInfo`, `NSPrintPanel`, `NSPrinter::printerWithName`, `NSPrintPanelOptions::all` + `ShowsPageSetupAccessory`.
 
-### CUPS / lp flags
+### CUPS / lp flags — historical v1
+
+> No `lp` invocation exists on the v2.0 target-print path (#201 — `LpArgs`,
+> `CupsService.printTarget` and the `lp` fixture are deleted). This table
+> records the v1 `lp -o` contract for reference only; the live write list is
+> `TicketWriteResolver`'s locked order (§native spool above).
 
 | Flag | Platform | When |
 |------|----------|------|

docs/13-print-linux.md

@@ -53,7 +53,10 @@ First-match order:
 
 `CNIJMediaType` > `EPIJ_Medi` > `StpMediaType` > `MediaType`.
 
-### Linux `build_lp_args` / `print_target` (unix.rs:362-457)
+### Linux `build_lp_args` / `print_target` (unix.rs:362-457) — historical v1
+
+> v0.8.5 Linux spool contract, kept for reference. ICCery v2 is macOS-only
+> and its native path spools via `NSPrintOperation`, not `lp` (#201).
 
 ```
 lp -d <printer> -t "ICCery Target - <filename>"

docs/14-iccery-cpu-targetprint.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Separate native macOS AppKit app. Spec: `/tmp/ICCery-CPU/SPEC.md`. Binary name `
 
 ### Why it exists
 
-ICCery's Tauri path spools TIFF via `lp` and never goes through Quartz. That is correct for "don't let ColorSync touch the file", but:
+ICCery's Tauri path spooled TIFF via `lp` and never went through Quartz (v1; v2.0 spools via a headless `NSPrintOperation` in ICCery proper — #201). That is correct for "don't let ColorSync touch the file", but:
 
 - No 1:1 physical-size preview
 - Windows-style `StretchDIBits` scaler (macOS `lp` may still scale inside the filter)
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ Injected into:
 - `printInfo.dictionary()["com.apple.print.PrintSettings.PMColorMatchingMode"]` (legacy)
 - nested `com.apple.print.printSettings` dictionary, same keys
 
-**This is not `AP_ApplicationColorMatching`.** TargetPrint talks to Quartz/`NSPrintOperation`. ICCery talks to the CUPS `lp` ticket / `cgpdftoraster`. A rewrite that unifies them must keep both vocabularies or prove one is honored on both paths.
+**This is not `AP_ApplicationColorMatching`.** TargetPrint talks to Quartz/`NSPrintOperation`. v1 ICCery talked to the CUPS `lp` ticket / `cgpdftoraster`; a rewrite that unifies them must keep both vocabularies or prove one is honored on both paths. **v2.0 (#201, D2) resolved this:** the Quartz vocabulary in this section is now live in ICCery proper — `ColorSyncSuppressor.applyQuartzMode` / `TicketWriteResolver` write `PMColorMatchingMode=APCustomColorMatching`, `PMCustomColorMatchingProfile=""`, the legacy `com.apple.print.PrintSettings.PMColorMatchingMode` and the nested `com.apple.print.printSettings` mirror **alongside** the locked AP_* keys on the single native spool path.
 
 Panel policy (`ColorMatching.configurePanel`):
 
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ static inline const char *TPCupsGetPPD(const char *name) {
 - AirPrint (SPEC §10.2) if any of: URI `apple-airprint://`; PPD `*APAirPrint: True`; make Apple + model contains AirPrint; `ipps://` **and** PPD text contains `airprint`. Persistent warning badge; unmanaged color cannot be trusted. Tests in `AirPrintTests.swift`.
 - Vendor bypass (SPEC §10.3) — **different keys from ICCery's lpoptions detector:**
 
-| Vendor | TargetPrint keys | ICCery macOS `lp` keys |
+| Vendor | TargetPrint keys | ICCery macOS `lpoptions`-detected keys (v1: `lp -o`) |
 |--------|------------------|------------------------|
 | Epson | `ColorModel=RGB`, `EPSONColorControls=Off` | `EPIJ_CMat=3` / `EPIJ_CCor=0` / `EpsonColorMode=Off` |
 | Canon | `CNColorMatching=None` | `CNIJIntent2=4` / `CNIJIntent=4` |
@@ -176,9 +176,9 @@ Command::new("/Applications/TargetPrint.app/Contents/MacOS/TargetPrint")
 
 CI publishes `vendor-iccery.zip` with `macos-x86_64` / `macos-aarch64` / `macos-universal` app bundles to drop into `src-tauri/targetprint/`.
 
-Suggested ICCery integration:
+Suggested ICCery integration (**superseded** — v2.0 took option 2's rendering model in-process instead; #201 adopted Quartz/`NSPrintOperation` spooling inside ICCery proper and removed `lp` entirely. The `--job` companion-app contract remains the v2.1 plan for `ICCeryPrintKit`, #16):
 
-1. Keep current `lp` path as the headless/fast path (and the only path on Linux).
+1. ~~Keep current `lp` path as the headless/fast path (and the only path on Linux).~~
 2. On macOS, Preferences / Print can spawn TargetPrint with a `TargetJob` built from `PrintOptions` + TIFF list + `forceUnmanagedColor: true` + `lockColorManagement: true`.
 3. Do not `CREATE_NO_WINDOW` (macOS); do not `wait()`. Cleanup of the JSON is ICCery's job after process exit, or leave in `/tmp` as an audit trail (SPEC §13).
 
@@ -186,14 +186,14 @@ Suggested ICCery integration:
 
 | Concern | ICCery `macos.rs` | TargetPrint | Rewrite recommendation |
 |---------|-------------------|-------------|------------------------|
-| Spool | `lp` TIFF | Quartz `NSPrintOperation` | Keep `lp` for unattended; TargetPrint for preview+panel |
-| ColorSync ticket | `AP_ApplicationColorMatching` (+ dotted) | `PMColorMatchingMode=APCustomColorMatching` | Set **both** if using NSPrintOperation; keep AP_* on `lp` |
+| Spool | `lp` TIFF | Quartz `NSPrintOperation` | Quartz `NSPrintOperation` — **adopted in v2.0 via #201** (`NativeTargetSpooler`; `lp` removed from the target-print path) |
+| ColorSync ticket | `AP_ApplicationColorMatching` (+ dotted) | `PMColorMatchingMode=APCustomColorMatching` | Set **both** — **adopted in v2.0 via #201** (D2: the single native path carries AP_* and the Quartz §7 vocabulary) |
 | Lock PDE UI | private `PMSessionSetColorMatchingMode*` SPI | strip Color Matching accessories | Use SPI **and** strip; accessories API misses driver PDEs (the #188 failure mode) |
 | Canon off | `CNIJIntent2=4` | `CNColorMatching=None` | Apply both |
 | Epson off | `EPIJ_CMat=3` / `EPIJ_CCor=0` | `EPSONColorControls=Off` + `ColorModel=RGB` | Apply both; prefer captured panel values |
-| Geometry | none (filter decides) | 1:1 pt from DPI | TargetPrint (or do not scale in GDI/`lp`) |
-| Interpolation | n/a (file passthrough) | explicitly disabled | Required for patch edges |
-| AirPrint | none | detected + warned | Port detector into ICCery printer list |
+| Geometry | none (filter decides) | 1:1 pt from DPI | 1:1 pt from DPI — **adopted in v2.0 via #201** (`TargetRasterLoader`/`TargetPageCanvasView`, docs/14 §6) |
+| Interpolation | n/a (file passthrough) | explicitly disabled | Required for patch edges — **adopted in v2.0 via #201** (interpolation/antialias off in `TargetPageCanvasView.draw`) |
+| AirPrint | none | detected + warned | Ported into ICCery — **adopted in v2.0 via #201/#202** (`lpstat -v` + PPD §10.2 rules, Stage 2 `airPrintWarningBadge`) |
 | Linux | `-o raw` | n/a (macOS only) | Keep raw + PPD fallback |
 | Windows | GDI ICM_OFF | n/a | Keep GDI; do not route through TargetPrint |
 

docs/25-rewrite-notes.md

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Lock these before rewriting UI:
 4. `parseProfcheckReport` JSON + legacy + empty→warning
 5. Color bypass detector: Canon/Epson/Gutenprint samples
 6. `filter_cups_options_string` drops `com.apple.*`, keeps `EPIJ_CMat`
-7. `build_lp_args` always emits both AP_* keys
+7. `build_lp_args` always emits both AP_* keys (**historical v1** — superseded by `TicketWriteResolverTests`, #201)
 8. Threshold validation `good < warning`
 9. `snapshot_ti3` 1-based and removes canonical
 10. DEVMODE round-trip size

docs/26-v2-mac-ticket-plan.md

@@ -29,6 +29,12 @@
 
 ## Locked product decisions
 
+> **Errata (M12, #201):** item 4's `lp` spool was replaced in v2.0 by a
+> headless `NSPrintOperation` replaying the captured `PMPrintSettings`
+> ticket, and the Quartz vocabulary of item 5 is now written **alongside**
+> AP_* on the single native path (D2). "Never mix" no longer applies inside
+> ICCery proper; it still governs the future `ICCeryPrintKit` boundary.
+
 1. **Stack:** SwiftUI (`@Observable`, `@MainActor` view models) + AppKit for printing/panels. No Tauri, no Rust, no WebView.
 2. **Floor:** macOS 14.0, universal `arm64` + `x86_64`.
 3. **AGPL:** never link Argyll. Spawn with piped stdio + `ARGYLL_NOT_INTERACTIVE=1` on **every** child (streaming and captured).
@@ -120,7 +126,7 @@ Issues 1–6.
 **Hardware:** none.  
 Issues 7–11.
 
-### M3 — macOS unmanaged printing (`lp` path)
+### M3 — macOS unmanaged printing (`lp` path) — historical v1, superseded by #201
 
 **CI/mock:** `lpstat`/`lpoptions` parsers; `build_lp_args` golden vectors (both `AP_*` always present); option filter; cancel → nil.  
 **Hardware:** Preferences opens **driver PDE** on a real Epson or Canon queue; colour matching off/grayed; printed TIFF measures unmanaged (no ColorSync transform).  
@@ -376,7 +382,7 @@ Six layers (spec [11](11-print-macos.md) roster):
 - Deps: 12, 13.
 - Test CI: injectable dlsym order; filter fixtures. Hardware: PDE colour grayed/off on Epson **and** Canon.
 
-**Issue 15 — `lp` spool path**  
+**Issue 15 — `lp` spool path — historical v1, superseded by #201 native spool**  
 Labels: `Feature/Backend`, `Priority/High`  
 Milestone: M3
 
@@ -583,7 +589,7 @@ Milestone: **Later**
 
 - Separate Swift package `ICCeryPrintKit`. **Zero** deps on wizard types.
 - Public API: `TargetJob` v1 JSON + `--job` CLI (fire-and-forget) **and** in-process `NSPrintOperation`. Preserve extractability to a standalone app.
-- ColorSync vocabulary is **not** the `lp` path: `PMColorMatchingMode=APCustomColorMatching`, `PMCustomColorMatchingProfile=""`, legacy `com.apple.print.PrintSettings.PMColorMatchingMode`. **Never mix with `AP_ApplicationColorMatching`.**
+- ColorSync vocabulary is **not** the `lp` path: `PMColorMatchingMode=APCustomColorMatching`, `PMCustomColorMatchingProfile=""`, legacy `com.apple.print.PrintSettings.PMColorMatchingMode`. **Never mix with `AP_ApplicationColorMatching`** — amended by #201 (D2): with `lp` gone, ICCery's single native path writes **both** vocabularies; this constraint now governs only the future `ICCeryPrintKit` boundary.
 - Vendor keys (separate table from issue 14): Epson `ColorModel=RGB` + `EPSONColorControls=Off`; Canon `CNColorMatching=None`; HP `ColorModel=RGB` + `HPColorControl=Off`.
 - Geometry: 72pt=1in, no `backingScaleFactor`, interpolation `.none`, antialias off, pixel-integrity seam test. Resolve SPEC contradiction: job JSON `"centered": true` vs draw “no centering” — **lock “no centering, scale 1.0” for profiling targets.**
 - AirPrint detection → persistent warning.

docs/issue-printer-quality-ignored.md

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+# Issue #201 — Printer quality and media type ignored when printing target
+
+> Analysis doc referenced by issue **[Bug/Critical] Printer quality and media
+> type settings ignored when printing target — lp path missing PMPrintSettings
+> ticket** (#201). Line numbers refer to `develop` @ `0513b27` (pre-M12 code,
+> verified 2026-09-17). The fix landed on `milestone/m12-native-spool` — see
+> "Resolution" below.
+
+## 0. Lifecycle trace — what the code did (pre-#201, historical v1)
+
+```
+Stage2View "btnPrinterProperties"
+  → PrintSessionViewModel.openPrinterPreferences()            :141
+      → PrintPanelService.showProperties()                    :59
+          → runNativePanel()                                  :85
+              ① PMPrinterCreateFromPrinterID + PMSessionSetCurrentPMPrinter   :96–113
+              ▸ applyInitialSelections (PMPrintSettingsSetValue ×4)           :216
+              ▸ applyPaperPageFormat (PMPaper match → PMCopyPageFormat)       :258
+              ②–⑤ ColorSyncSuppressor SPI / AP_* / bypass / mirror            :152–163
+              NSPrintPanel.runModal("Use Settings")                           :173
+              ⑥ PMPrintSettingsToOptions → CupsOptionsFilter → String         :185–191
+      ✗ THE TICKET IS DISCARDED HERE — only the flattened `k=v` string survives
+      → capturedCupsOptions[queue] = String                   :174
+
+Stage2View "btnPrintAll"
+  → PrintSessionViewModel.printAllPages(from:)                :205
+      → spool(page, index:)                                   :263
+          → CupsService.printTarget()            CupsService.swift:170
+              → LpArgs.build()                   LpArgs.swift:42
+              → ProcessManager.runCaptured("/usr/bin/lp", argv)
+```
+
+## Root causes (pre-#201, historical v1)
+
+Two defects, both confirmed by reading the code:
+
+### 1. Ticket loss
+
+`ColorSyncSuppressor.captureOptions` (:133) was the only capture path. It
+funneled the whole `PMPrintSettings` object through `PMPrintSettingsToOptions`
+→ a space-separated `key=value` string, then `CupsOptionsFilter.filter`
+**dropped every `com.apple.*` key** (`CupsOptionsFilter.swift:49`) — i.e. it
+deliberately discarded `com.apple.print.PrintSettings`, the ticket the
+Epson/Canon raster filter reads. `lp` cannot reconstruct it, so the driver
+fell back to plain paper / normal quality.
+
+### 2. Override inversion
+
+`LpArgs.build` recorded every captured key in `addedKeys` (:67–73) and then
+*suppressed* the explicit Stage 2 value when the key was already present —
+media (:81), quality (:90), bypass (:102), orientation (:109), `PageSize`
+(:117). A Stage 2 dropdown change after a panel capture was silently ignored.
+
+### Dismissed hypothesis
+
+**argv tokenisation is safe** — `ProcessManager.runCaptured` hands an argv
+array to `Process`, never a shell. Space-containing `-o` values were
+preserved; this was checked and dismissed in the issue investigation and
+re-verified during the M12 audit.
+
+## Locked decisions (D1–D13)
+
+Decisions taken by the M12 megaplan; **locked — do not re-derive.**
+(`lp`/`LpArgs` mentions in this table name the deleted historical v1 path.)
+
+| # | Decision | Consequence |
+|---|----------|-------------|
+| D1 | Spooler lives in the **app target** (`Sources/ICCery/Print/`), not in `CupsService` | `ICCeryCore` stays AppKit-free (AGENTS §Package layout). `CupsService.printTarget` is **deleted**; `CupsService` keeps enumeration/capabilities/PPD only. The issue body's "in `CupsService`" is superseded — posted as errata on #201 |
+| D2 | Write **both** ColorSync vocabularies on the native path | AP_* (locked) **and** Quartz `PMColorMatchingMode=APCustomColorMatching` + `PMCustomColorMatchingProfile=""` + legacy `com.apple.print.PrintSettings.PMColorMatchingMode` + the nested `com.apple.print.printSettings` mirror. AGENTS §"Private ColorSync SPI — never mix" is **amended**: with `lp` gone there is one path and it carries both dictionaries (docs/14 decision table, "Set both if using NSPrintOperation") |
+| D3 | Ticket = `PMPrintSettings` **Data** + `PMPageFormat` **Data** + an `NSPrintInfo.dictionary()` plist fallback | `kPMDataFormatXMLDefault`. Restored via `PM*CreateWithDataRepresentation` → `PMCopy*` → `PMSessionValidate*` → `updateFromPM*`. Byte round-trip is unit-testable |
+| D4 | Delete `lp`; **keep** `CupsParsers` + `CupsOptionsFilter` | Parsers still drive capabilities (#183/#180/#181), media/quality key detection, driver-bypass detection, and the panel→Stage-2 apply-back mirror (#186). Only `LpArgs` dies |
+| D5 | Job granularity is **user-selectable**, default **one job per page** | New session-only `@Published var singleJobForAllPages = false`; Stage 2 checkbox `chkSingleSpoolJob`. Default preserves today's per-page notices and error attribution |
+| D6 | **Stage 2 always wins** over the rehydrated ticket | Unconditional overwrite of paper / media / quality / orientation. Mitigation for vendor companion-key desync: only write when the value differs from the ticket's current value, and log both (R4) |
+| D7 | Spool **silently** | `showsPrintPanel = false`, `showsProgressPanel = false`, `canSpawnSeparateThread = false`. Feedback stays on the existing `isPrinting` + `Notice`. No new system modal → XCUITest unaffected |
+| D8 | Verification = **recorder seam + PDF harness** | DEBUG `RecordingTargetSpooler` writes resolved ticket lines to `ICCERY_TEST_SPOOL_LOG` (replaces `ICCERY_TEST_LP_ARGV`); a real `NSPrintOperation` with `jobDisposition = .save` produces a PDF for geometry assertions |
+| D9 | Never scale; **warn + spool** | 1:1 always, anchored at the paper's top-left. `warn` when the DPI-derived size disagrees with the manifest `width_mm`/`height_mm` by >0.5 mm; warning `Notice` when the image exceeds the paper |
+| D10 | Device colour spaces implemented **and verified** for 1/3/4 channels at 8 and 16 bpc | Re-tag the decoded `CGImage` into `DeviceGray`/`DeviceRGB`/`DeviceCMYK` reusing the source `dataProvider` — **no resample, no bit-depth change**. Hardware gate covers RGB-8, RGB-16, DeviceGray-8 and CMYK-16 |
+| D11 | AirPrint detection + Stage 2 banner **in scope**, as its own issue | docs/14 §10.2 rules. Blocked-by #201 → filed as #202 |
+| D12 | Extract a **shared** `PMTicketBridge` | Single `@MainActor enum` owning every `PM*` call, with one documented `PMRelease` rule. `PrintPanelService` migrates onto it |
+| D13 | New milestone **M12 — Native print spool** | `milestone/m12-native-spool` from `develop`; #201 moves off the shipped M11 (id 34) |
+
+## Resolution
+
+Implemented on `milestone/m12-native-spool` (Phases 1–5, PRs #203–#207).
+(`LpArgs`/`lp` references below name deleted historical v1 artefacts.)
+
+- `PMTicketBridge` owns every `PM*` call; `PrintPanelService.showProperties`
+  returns `PanelCaptureResult` carrying a `PrintTicket` (layer ⑦ serialise).
+- `NativeTargetSpooler` rehydrates the ticket into a fresh `NSPrintInfo`
+  (S1–S14, docs/11 §native spool) and spools a headless `NSPrintOperation`
+  over `TargetPageCanvasView` — 1:1, top-left anchored, interpolation off.
+- `TicketWriteResolver` replaces `LpArgs.build`: Stage 2 always wins (D6),
+  both ColorSync vocabularies written (D2), no `raw` can ever appear.
+- `LpArgs`, `CupsService.printTarget`, the `lp` fixture and
+  `ICCERY_TEST_LP_ARGV` are deleted; `RecordingTargetSpooler` writes to
+  `ICCERY_TEST_SPOOL_LOG` for tests (D8).
+- AirPrint detection + Stage 2 warning badge shipped as #202 (D11).
+
+## References
+
+- `Sources/ICCery/Print/{PMTicketBridge,PrintTicket,NativeTargetSpooler,TicketWriteResolver,TargetRaster,TargetPageCanvasView}.swift`
+- `Packages/ICCeryCore/Sources/ICCeryCore/Print/{CupsService,CupsParsers,CupsOptionsFilter,PrinterModels,ColorMatchingAttempts}.swift`
+- `docs/11-print-macos.md` §ColorSync suppression — UI click to `NSPrintOperation`
+- `docs/14-iccery-cpu-targetprint.md` §6–§7 (geometry + Quartz vocabulary)
+- M12 megaplan (`plan-be303e6f3f5e89da`)

project.yml

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ targets:
         INFOPLIST_KEY_LSMinimumSystemVersion: "12.0"
         INFOPLIST_KEY_NSPrincipalClass: NSApplication
         INFOPLIST_KEY_NSHumanReadableCopyright: "Copyright © 2026 Gronod. AGPLv3."
-        MARKETING_VERSION: "2.0.0"
+        MARKETING_VERSION: "2.0.2"
         CURRENT_PROJECT_VERSION: "1"
         # Stamped by scripts/version.sh at packaging/CI time (release tag or
         # `git describe` string); About shows it next to the marketing version.